2010 Vol. 34, No. 2
Display Method:
2010, 34(2): 65-72.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.001
[PDF 629KB]
Abstract:
Positron radiopharmaceuticals are mainly used for PET studies, which are used in the field of nuclear medicine as tracers in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases.They have important position and fuction in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.Metabolism or biotransformation will happen when PET radiopharmaceuticals enter into the body.Understanding the metabolic fate of radio-pharmaceutical probes is essential for an accurate analysis and interpretation of positron emission tomography imaging.The recent research progress on PET radiopharmaceuticals metabolism was reviewed in this paper, including the metabolism characteristics, research methods, analytical techniques and so on.
Positron radiopharmaceuticals are mainly used for PET studies, which are used in the field of nuclear medicine as tracers in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases.They have important position and fuction in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.Metabolism or biotransformation will happen when PET radiopharmaceuticals enter into the body.Understanding the metabolic fate of radio-pharmaceutical probes is essential for an accurate analysis and interpretation of positron emission tomography imaging.The recent research progress on PET radiopharmaceuticals metabolism was reviewed in this paper, including the metabolism characteristics, research methods, analytical techniques and so on.
2010, 34(2): 73-75, 87.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.002
Abstract:
Stem cell transplantation in the treatment of various tissue damage or degenerative diseases are research hotspots both at home and abroad.However, ignorance of the homing, differentiation and functional expression of the stem cell in vivo influence the further development of stem cell therapy.As an important component of molecular imaging technology, reporter gene imaging dynamically monitors the change of stem cell in vivo via monitoring the expression of transfected reporter gene.This paper briefly describes the latest research progress and the future development trend of the monitoring of reporter gene imaging in stem cell therapy in vivo.
Stem cell transplantation in the treatment of various tissue damage or degenerative diseases are research hotspots both at home and abroad.However, ignorance of the homing, differentiation and functional expression of the stem cell in vivo influence the further development of stem cell therapy.As an important component of molecular imaging technology, reporter gene imaging dynamically monitors the change of stem cell in vivo via monitoring the expression of transfected reporter gene.This paper briefly describes the latest research progress and the future development trend of the monitoring of reporter gene imaging in stem cell therapy in vivo.
2010, 34(2): 76-80.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.003
Abstract:
To differential diagnosis the benign or malignant of pulmonary nodules is a medical difficult problem.As the development of medical imaging equipment and technology, PET-CT can identified benign or malignant lesions of pulmonary nodules though changes of metabolism.Researches about PET-CT for differential diagnosis pulmonary nodules benign or malignant are reviewed.
To differential diagnosis the benign or malignant of pulmonary nodules is a medical difficult problem.As the development of medical imaging equipment and technology, PET-CT can identified benign or malignant lesions of pulmonary nodules though changes of metabolism.Researches about PET-CT for differential diagnosis pulmonary nodules benign or malignant are reviewed.
2010, 34(2): 80-83.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.004
Abstract:
Objective To observe the characteristic of 99Tcm-MIBIdouble-phaseimaging, andcompared with the pathologic result to discuss and evaluate the diagnostic and difference diagnostic value of earlyimaging and delayed-imaging to benign and malignant lesion in thyroid. Methods Eighty-nine pathological proven thyriod lesions patients were included in this study(38 cases of thyroid cancer and 51 cases of thyroid benign lesion).99Tcm-MIBI early-imaging and delayed-imaging of thyroid were performed, and comaratively analyzed the T/NT ratio of early-imaging and delayed-imaging of thyroid cancer and thyroid benign lesion. Results There was no significance in the T/NT ratio of 99Tcm-MIBI early-imaging between thyroid cancer group(T/NT=1.32±0.03)and thyroid benign lesion group(T/NT=1.26±0.22)(t=0.63, P > 0.05).The T/NT ratio of delayed-imaging was high(T/NT=1.72±0.39)than that of benign lesion(T/NT=1.20±0.36), and there was statistically significance between them(t=3.45, P < 0.05). Conclusions The sensitivity is high for diagnosing thyroid cancer through 99Tcm-MIBI early-imaging but specify is low, and specify is high for diagnosing thyroid cancer using 99Tcm-MIBI delayed-imaging, which is better for differencing malignancy from benignity in thyroid.
2010, 34(2): 84-87.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.005
Abstract:
Objective To explore nuclear medicine diagnostic method for parathyroid disease accompanied elevated serum parathyroid hormone(PTH)level. Methods The images of 25 patients with parathyroid disease were obtained by SPECT99Tcm-MIBI double-phase parathyroid imaging and 99Tcmmethylene diphosphonate(99Tcm-MDP)whole-body static bone imaging.All subject were measured serum PTH, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase. Results ① Serum PTH level increased to varying degrees in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT), secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT).②PHPT and SHPT showed significant change before and after surgery(t=6.24 and t=6.85, P < 0.01).③The whole-body static bone images of PHPT patients were characterized by metabolic bone disease images.The positive rates of 99Tcm-MIBI were above 90%.④Whole-body bone imaging results of SHPT patients showed complex and diverse caused by high background, increased uptakes mainly. 99Tcm-MIBI dual-phase parathyroid imaging showed hyperparathyroidism in varying degree, up to 56%or more. Conclusion Determination of serum PTH combined SPECT for parathyroid and whole-body bone imaging showed high clinical value in diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid disease.
2010, 34(2): 88-90.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.006
Abstract:
Malignant tumors presented with bone metastasis.Earlier detection of bone metastasis can prevent skeletal-related events and improve prognosis.Common radiopharmaceuticals for bone metastasis include 89Sr, 153Sm, 186Re/188Re, 117Sn and 32P, the effectiveness of them is identified, especially for osteoplastic metastasis and mixed metastasis.Radiopharmaceuticals combined with bisphosphonates for extensive painful bone metastasis is significantly more effective than using either of them alone, in improving the life quality of cancer patients.
Malignant tumors presented with bone metastasis.Earlier detection of bone metastasis can prevent skeletal-related events and improve prognosis.Common radiopharmaceuticals for bone metastasis include 89Sr, 153Sm, 186Re/188Re, 117Sn and 32P, the effectiveness of them is identified, especially for osteoplastic metastasis and mixed metastasis.Radiopharmaceuticals combined with bisphosphonates for extensive painful bone metastasis is significantly more effective than using either of them alone, in improving the life quality of cancer patients.
2010, 34(2): 91-93.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.007
Abstract:
Objective To study on diagnosis value of blood lipid, serum β2-microglolulin(β2-MG)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in acute leukemia. Methods The serum β2-MG and TNF-α(with radioimmunoassay)blood lipid(with biochemistry)levels were determined in 123 patients with acute leukemia as well as 36 controls, then conducted the correlative tests. Results Serum β2-MG、TNF-α and triglyceride levels in 123 patients including 46 patients with acute monocytic leukemia, 32 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and 45 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were significantly higher than those in 36 controls(t=4.123-6.815, P < 0.01).The serum lipoprotein(α)level was tightly increased(t=1.345, t=1.421, t=1.381, P > 0.05); The serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A levels in 123 patients with acute leukemia were significantly lower than those in 36 controls(t=2.110-2.574, P < 0.05), the serum apolipoprotein B level was tightly lowed(t=1.261, t=1.381, t=1.456, P > 0.05). Conclusion The determination of blood lipid, serum β2-MG and TNF-α level might be useful for diagnosing acute leukemia and reflecting the prognostic value.
2010, 34(2): 94-96, 104.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.008
Abstract:
Objective To investigate clinical value of plasma gastrin, leptin, carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125), carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4)and 13C-urea breath test(13C-UBT)in diagnosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Methods Radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunosorbent assay were used to determine the plasma gastrin, leptin, CA125 and CA72-4 levels, and helicobacter pylori(HP)infection rate was determined by 13C-UBT.Compared all the determined results from 126 patients with gastric carcinoma (including 32 casesⅠ-Ⅱstage gastric carcinoma, 57 casesⅢstage gastric carcinoma and 37 casesⅣstage gastric carcinoma)and 60 normal controls. Results The plasma gastrin, CA125 and CA72-4 levels in 126 patients with gastric carcinoma were significantly higher(t=3.125, t=3.519, t=3.788, P < 0.01)but plasma level was significantly lower(t=3.524, P < 0.01)than those in 60 normal controls.Compared with normel controls, the result of CA72-4 was signeficantly changed.The plasma gastrin, CA125 and CA72-4 levels in 126 patients with gastric carcinoma were increased with the severity of gastric carcinoma, but plasma leptin was decreased. The HP infection rate in 126 patients with gastric carcinoma(84.9%)were significantly higher than those in 60 normal controls(15%).The HP infection rate in 32Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 57Ⅲand 37Ⅳstage gastric carcinoma were 46.9%, 89.5%and 89.2%respectively and were increased with severity of gastric carcinoma. Conclusion The determination of plasma CA72-4 was the best item for diagnosis of gastric carcinoma in four tumor markers, leptin, CA125 and gastrin followed.The determination of HP infection rate in gastric carcinoma by 13C-UBT played a considerable role for diagnosis and therapy.
2010, 34(2): 97-99.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.009
Abstract:
Objective To explore the clinical value of serum tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)and carbohydrate antigen 242(CA242)levels in patients with colorectal cancer using single item and multi-items determination. Methods Serum levels of CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 were measured with chemiuminescent immunoassay(CLIA)and radioimmunoassay(RIA)in 89 cases of colorectal cancer patients and 50 cases of normal people. Results The serum levels of this three tumor markers were significantly higher than those in the control group(t＝2.97, 3.55 and 7.44, P < 0.01).Combined determination of those three obviously excels that two items(CA242+CA19-9 and CEA+CA19-9)or single item, there was statistical significance(χ2＝30.552, 32.076, 18.365, 7.130 and 8.862, P < 0.01).Combined determination of those three could enhance the sensitivity(85.39%)and accuracy(90.60%), but the specificity was decreased(88.00%). Conclusion Determination of serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA242 levels are valuable for the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with colorectal cancer, andthediagnosis sensitivity can be enhanced with combined determinations.
2010, 34(2): 100-101.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.010
Abstract:
Objective To observe 131I uptake rate of Graves's patients after taking lithium carbonate thyroid and to investigate application value of lithium carbonate for the low 131I uptake rate in Graves's patients. Methods Forty-six low 131I uptake Graves's patients take lithium carbonate orally after meal, three times daily, 250 mg each time, and served 10 days, detected 131I uptake rate respectively before and after lithium carbonate treatment and compared the changes. Result Low 131I uptake rate after intake of lithium carbonate with 10 days was significantly higher(27%)in 24 hours than before with a statistic difference(t=3.24, P < 0.01). Conclusions Lithium carbonate can improved the intake of thyroid 131I Graves's patients, met the requirements of patients and reduced the amount of 131I treatment.So it was valuable for clinical application.
2010, 34(2): 102-104.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.011
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of permanent implantation of 125I radioactive particle in the surgery of malignancies such as brain tumors, liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, lung cancer, prostate cancer and malignant teratoma. Methods Thirty eight patients proved by puncture biopsy, his-tology or cytology were retrospectively analyzed.Three-D images of the tumor were reconstructed using treat-ment planning system(TPS), the number and the dose rate distribution of 125I seeds were calculated.The matched peripheral dose of 125I seeds implantation was 60~120Gy, the number of 125I seeds implanted ranged from 6~40 per lesion, and the median amount of implanted 125I seeds were 23. Results Twelve months followup after the therapy showed 9 cases of complete relief, 24 cases of partial relief and 5 cases of no change.The overall effective rate(complete relief+partial relief)of 12 months was 86.8%. Conclusion Permanent implantation of 125Iradioactive particle in the surgery of malignancies treatment is a safe, effective treatment fortumors.
2010, 34(2): 107-109.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.013
Abstract:
Objective Tostudythe 131I labeling methods, stability and immunological activity of antiprogastrin-releasing peptide(31-98) single-chain antibody(anti-ProGRP(31-98) scFv). Methods The anti-Pro-GRP(31-98) scFv was labeled by Chloramine-T method using 131I, and purified by gel column separation method. The labeling efficiency, radiochemical purity and stability were estimated by using paper chromatography. Immunological activity was detected with cell conjugation assay. Results The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity of 131I-anti-ProGRP(31-98) scFv were 93.35%and 98.49%, respectively.The radiochemical purity was 94.59%after incubation in water bath at 37℃ for 24h, and still maintained above 90%for 48 h. After incubation with healthy human serum for 48 h, the radiochemical purity was still above 80%.The immunobinding ratios of 131I-anti-ProGRP(31-98) scFv for NCI-H446 cells and A549 cells were 85.36%and 21.02%, respectively. Conclusions 131I-anti-ProGRP(31-98) scFv not only has high labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity, but also has good stability and keeps good immunological activity.Therefore, it could be a promising agent for radioimmunoimaging and radioimmunotherapy for the malignant tumors which highly express ProGRP.
2010, 34(2): 110-112.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.014
Abstract:
Objective To enhance the comparability of the results from myocardial imaging(MI)with 2 0 1 Tl by a methodological study on increasing the total counts of the redistribution imaging(RI)on the base of parameters of the adenosine stress imaging(ASI)in this study. Methods Emission data were acquired within 6 min after adenosine stress and(200.61±13.64)min later for the RI by using the same imaging parameters on 54 suspicious coronary heart disease cases.The same reconstruction parameters were used for both ASI and RI image reconstruction.Then the differences and its average values and the average reduction ratio(ARR)of total counts(TC), average count per frame(AC), average count rate per frame(ACR)and maximal counts on the same slices(MCSS)of RI myocardial images of each case were compared with that of ASI, respectively.Finally, to achieving the same TC level of the ASI, the data acquisition time per frame should be increased for the RI were calculated.The SPSS13.0 software and the t test were used for the average values statistical analysis. Results The TC, AC, ACR and MCSS of the RI were obviously lower than that of ASI, and the ARRs were 785829.02± 216783.48(25.29±0.05)%, 24557.16±6774.48(28.44±0.09)%, 613.93±169.36(25.29±0.05)%and 505373.39± 77657.02(33.48±0.05)%, t values were 34.56, 23.33, 34.56 and 27.61, respectively, and P=0.00 for each situation.(13.80±3.68)s, (34.49±0.09)%per frame acquisition time on average should be increased for the RI to achieve the same TC level of the ASI according to this study. Conclusion Diagnostic differences of the adenosine stress-redistribution MI with 201Tl can be theoretically improved by increasing the acquisition time of the RI.
2010, 34(2): 113-115.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.015
Abstract:
Objective To find a nuclear and medicine check process with reference value from long practice on the base of difference between nuclear medicine imaging and other normal imaging such as X line, CT, MRI from the principle, imaging process and images processing. Methods According to the characteristics of nuclear medicine imaging, sort the patient with the time they wait before drug injection and the equipment state, and then analyze the check items of pre-engaged patients.Finally, arrange the patients as a whole with high efficiency that finish most patients check in the shortest time with standard imaging quality control. Results Select an arbitrary workday and arrange check items reasonably as a whole, it works well. Conclusion Reasonable check process as a whole with reference value can be found from the experience of long practice.
2010, 34(2): 116-119.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.016
Abstract:
Objective To study protective effect of Wu-He Dipsacus asper(WHDA)injection on the radiation damaged mice. Methods One hundred and twenty Kunming female mice were divided into normal control group, model control group, Wu-He Dipsacus asper treatment group to observe the 30-day survival rate; measured peripheral blood 6 hours, 3 days, 6 days and 9 days after irradiation, respectively; thymus, spleen and liver weight were detected; superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione(GSH), malonyldialdehyde(MDA)in liver and peripheral blood were also detected. Results WHDA can improve the survival rate of mice after radiation, and take a significant influence on white blood cells and platelets, but no obvious effect on the weight of thymus, spleen and liver.In addition, WHDA can improve SOD activity, increased GSH content and decrease MDA content significantly in this study. Conclusion WHDA has obvious protective effect in mice with radiation injury.
2010, 34(2): 119-121.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.017
Abstract:
Objective To study the combined effect of exogenous recombinant adenovirus-mediated retinoblastoma gene 94(Ad-Rb94)combined with γ-ray on the growth of esophageal carcinoma cells. Methods Cell culture were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, recombinant adenovirus vector containing βgalactosidase gene(Ad-LacZ)group, Ad-Rb94 group, γ-ray radiation group and Ad-Rb94 combined with γray radiation group.EC109 cells were transfected by Ad-Rb94 and exposed to 4 Gy 137Cs γ-ray irradiation 6 hours after transfection.The inhibition rate of EC109 cells were detected by MTT assay. Results EC109 cellstransfected with Ad-Rb94 group, γ-ray radiation group and Ad-Rb94 combined with γ-ray radiation group were all inhibited.The inhibition rate of Ad-Rb94 combined with γ-ray radiation group reached(40.30%±4.2%), significantly higher than Ad-Rb94 group(18.3%±0.4%)and γ-ray radiation group(27.40%±2.9%)(χ2=7.91, χ2= 5.82, P < 0.05).The difference of inhibition rate between γ-ray radiation group and Ad-Rb94 group was extremely significant(χ2=5.12, P < 0.05). Conclusion The recombinant Ad-Rb94 gene transfection combined with γ-ray shows the synergism forthe inhibition of the growth of EC109 cells.
2010, 34(2): 122-125.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.018
Abstract:
Objective To summarize and analyze the imaging features of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)in femoral head necrosis(FHN)patients and provide the basis for the diagnosis of FHN. Methods The magnetic resonance signal distribution and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)in 22 normal person and 42 FHN patients were analyzed and compared. Results The homogeneous high signal was showed in T1WI and T2WI imaging for normal person and low signal in DWI.The slightly low and low signal in T1WI, the high signal and slightly inhomogeneous signal in T2WI and the heterogeneous high signal in DWI were showed for FHN patients.The ADC normal value of normal person, the around area and central area of FHN patients were(0.000-0.036)×10-3mm2/s, (0.111-0.311)×10-3mm2/s and(0.845-1.397)×10-3mm2/s respectively, there was statistically significant difference among three areas(F=1384.28, P < 0.05). Conclusion There is specificity in DWI signal distribution and ADC normal value in FHN patients compared with normal person.DWI can be used for the diagnosis of FHN patients and the ADC value can be used for quantify analysis of bone marrow lesions.
2010, 34(2): 125-129.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.02.019
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of CT perfusion source images(CTPSI)in acute stroke less than 9 hours. Methods "One-stop shop"CT examination were performed in 100 patients with symptoms of acute stroke in less than 9 hours.Patients were divided into two groups according to with and without delayed perfusion on CTPSI, and compared Alberta stroke program early CT score study(ASPECTS)scores on non-contrast CT, arterial phase CTPSI and venous phase CTPSI with follow-up imaging.The ASPECTS were analyzed on arterial phase CTPSI and venous phase CTPSI using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, then compared with the follow up imaging ASPECTS using multiple linear regressions. Results The median(min-max)scores of ASPECTS on NCCT, arterial phase CTPSI, venous phase CTPSI and follow-up imaging were 8.0(6.0-10.0), 7.0 (1.0-8.0), 8.0(3.0-10.0)and 7.5(0-10.0)in group with delayed perfusion, respectively, and 8.0(1.0-10.0), 7.5 (1.0-10.0), 8.5(1.0-10.0)and 7.0(0-10.0)in group without delayed perfusion respectively.ASPECTS scores measured on arterial phase CTPSI did not differ with venous phase CTPSI group without delayed per-fusion (Z=-1.00, P=0.459), while there was statistic difference in group with delayed perfusion(Z=-3.08, P=0.001).There were significant correlation of ASPECTS scores measured on mon-contrast CT, arterial phase CTPSI and venous phase CTPSI to follow-up imaging ASPECTS(r=0.879, 0.902, 0.945, P < 0.01)in group without delayed perfusion; ASPECTS measured in venous phase CTPSI showed the best correlation to follow-up imaging ASPECTS (r=0.831, P=0.004)in group with delayed perfusion.Multiple linear regression showed that the correlation in only venous phase CTPSI with follow-up imaging ASPECTS was statistically significant: in group without delayed perfusion, β=0.946, P < 0.001; in group with delayed perfusion, β=0.714, P=0.003. Conclusion Presence of delayed perfusion in CTPSI is quit important in identifying ischemic penumbra, which plays a critical role in imaging-guided thrombolytic therapy.
Submit
Author Login
Referees
Editor-in-Chief
Editor Center
Email alert
RSS
