2008 Vol. 32, No. 2
Display Method:
2008, 32(2): 65-68.
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Abstract:
Phage display is possible to screening targeted peptides, mapping organ-specific vascular molecule because of in viva phage display. It is more remarkable that a variety of peptide ligands specific for tumor-associated makers is identified, which supplied targeted molecules for tumor diagnosis, delivery of tumor drugs and tumor vascular gene therapy. Recently, people succeed in applying the technology to tumor patients and identifying peptide motifs binding to tumor specifically.
Phage display is possible to screening targeted peptides, mapping organ-specific vascular molecule because of in viva phage display. It is more remarkable that a variety of peptide ligands specific for tumor-associated makers is identified, which supplied targeted molecules for tumor diagnosis, delivery of tumor drugs and tumor vascular gene therapy. Recently, people succeed in applying the technology to tumor patients and identifying peptide motifs binding to tumor specifically.
2008, 32(2): 69-71,78.
Abstract:
Neovascularization plays an important role in the processes of growth, invasion and metastasis in tumors. Solid tumors rely on neovaseularization to get oxygen and other nutrients supply, otherwise they are not able to expand over 1~2mm3. Meanwhile angiogenesis offers the pathway for metastasis. Hence, inhibitars of angiogenesis become the promise in the therapeutic research. Plasminogen kringle 5 is a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen. Inhibit proliferating vascular endothelial cells but also can induce apoptosis. These results suggest that the anti-angiogenic activity of kringle 5 shows its promising future in cancer therapy. The certain radiopharmaceuticals can be used to perform both imaging and internal radiotherapy in many kinds of carcinomas, in both original and metastatic sites. This unique method will catch our eyes dramatically.
Neovascularization plays an important role in the processes of growth, invasion and metastasis in tumors. Solid tumors rely on neovaseularization to get oxygen and other nutrients supply, otherwise they are not able to expand over 1~2mm3. Meanwhile angiogenesis offers the pathway for metastasis. Hence, inhibitars of angiogenesis become the promise in the therapeutic research. Plasminogen kringle 5 is a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen. Inhibit proliferating vascular endothelial cells but also can induce apoptosis. These results suggest that the anti-angiogenic activity of kringle 5 shows its promising future in cancer therapy. The certain radiopharmaceuticals can be used to perform both imaging and internal radiotherapy in many kinds of carcinomas, in both original and metastatic sites. This unique method will catch our eyes dramatically.
2008, 32(2): 72-74.
Abstract:
Radioimmunotherapy, a kind of internal radiation therapy, can achieve high performance and low toxicity by fewer monoclonal antibodies couple radioactive nuclides, created sufficient ionization biologic effect on tumor. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematological malignancy. Most of them are B cell lymphomas. CD20 is the best target of radioimmunotherapy on B cell-NHL. Clinical trials indicate 131Ⅰ-rituximab is effective on B cell-NHL, while many problems are existed. Approaches are under investigation to improve outcomes in patients with B cell-NHL.
Radioimmunotherapy, a kind of internal radiation therapy, can achieve high performance and low toxicity by fewer monoclonal antibodies couple radioactive nuclides, created sufficient ionization biologic effect on tumor. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common hematological malignancy. Most of them are B cell lymphomas. CD20 is the best target of radioimmunotherapy on B cell-NHL. Clinical trials indicate 131Ⅰ-rituximab is effective on B cell-NHL, while many problems are existed. Approaches are under investigation to improve outcomes in patients with B cell-NHL.
2008, 32(2): 75-78.
Abstract:
Objective To study the factors influencing therapeutic effect of 131Ⅰ in treating 783 cases of Graves disease. Methods The values of various indexes were quantized on influencing factors such as age, sex, course of disease, mass of thyroid gland, the absorbed dose of 131Ⅰ per gram of thryoid gland, the given dose of 131Ⅰ, thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage, thyroid hormone and thyroid autoantibodys. The assessment of the therapeutic effect was made according to complete remission (including hypothyroidism) and partial remission after 131Ⅰ therapy. CMH χ2, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the variable parameters before the treatment. Results The therapeutic effect of 131Ⅰ is significant in the follow-up period (CMHχ2=69.21, P<0.01). The mass of thyroid, rashness, bulimia, etc, were relieved significantly(all the values of P<0.05) after 131Ⅰ therapy for 12 months. The therapeutic effect was related to such factors as age thyroid mass, the absorbed dose of 131Ⅰ per gram of thryoid gland, thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage, etc (all the values of P<0.05). Conclusion In those older patients and those whose thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage is higher, thyroid mass is bigger, thyroid gland is with noduses, the given dose of 131Ⅰ should be increased. Conversely decreased.
Objective To study the factors influencing therapeutic effect of 131Ⅰ in treating 783 cases of Graves disease. Methods The values of various indexes were quantized on influencing factors such as age, sex, course of disease, mass of thyroid gland, the absorbed dose of 131Ⅰ per gram of thryoid gland, the given dose of 131Ⅰ, thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage, thyroid hormone and thyroid autoantibodys. The assessment of the therapeutic effect was made according to complete remission (including hypothyroidism) and partial remission after 131Ⅰ therapy. CMH χ2, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the variable parameters before the treatment. Results The therapeutic effect of 131Ⅰ is significant in the follow-up period (CMHχ2=69.21, P<0.01). The mass of thyroid, rashness, bulimia, etc, were relieved significantly(all the values of P<0.05) after 131Ⅰ therapy for 12 months. The therapeutic effect was related to such factors as age thyroid mass, the absorbed dose of 131Ⅰ per gram of thryoid gland, thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage, etc (all the values of P<0.05). Conclusion In those older patients and those whose thyroid 24 h 131Ⅰ uptaking percentage is higher, thyroid mass is bigger, thyroid gland is with noduses, the given dose of 131Ⅰ should be increased. Conversely decreased.
2008, 32(2): 79-82.
Abstract:
Objective To investegat the influence factors of bone scintigraphy in hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis patients and how to improve image quality. Methods The routine bone scintigraphy, furosemide interventional test and increase radioactivity test were performed on 90 hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis. Results Bone-to-soft tissue ratio of hepatic carcinoma group was increased 15% after furosemide interventional test. There was significant difference (t=2.39, P<0.05). Hepatocirrhosis without hepatic carcinoma and hepatic carcinoma followed hepatocirrhosis group were increased 16% and 20% (t=2.52, t=2.96, P<0.01). The B/ST ratio of three groups were increased 26%, 30%, 31% respectively after increase radioactivity test(t=3.08, t=3.36, t=3.39, P<0.01). Conclusion Influence factors of bone scintigraphy in hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis are renal function, ascites, chemotherapy, anaemia et al. We suggest that use mentioned methods in order to improve image quality.
Objective To investegat the influence factors of bone scintigraphy in hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis patients and how to improve image quality. Methods The routine bone scintigraphy, furosemide interventional test and increase radioactivity test were performed on 90 hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis. Results Bone-to-soft tissue ratio of hepatic carcinoma group was increased 15% after furosemide interventional test. There was significant difference (t=2.39, P<0.05). Hepatocirrhosis without hepatic carcinoma and hepatic carcinoma followed hepatocirrhosis group were increased 16% and 20% (t=2.52, t=2.96, P<0.01). The B/ST ratio of three groups were increased 26%, 30%, 31% respectively after increase radioactivity test(t=3.08, t=3.36, t=3.39, P<0.01). Conclusion Influence factors of bone scintigraphy in hepatic carcinoma and hepatocirrhosis are renal function, ascites, chemotherapy, anaemia et al. We suggest that use mentioned methods in order to improve image quality.
2008, 32(2): 82-85.
Abstract:
The lung cancer must establish an angiogenesis to grow, to invade, and to metastasize, in which vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) is the most functional and special adjusting factor and play an important role. So anticancer by inhibiting the expression, activity and signal conduction of VEGF become one of the new and effective methods. Meanwhile, radionuclide imaging targeting at VEGF and its receptor not only can display the angiogenesis of lung cancer, but also has profound meaning in the early diagnosis, the correct staging, and the prognosis of lung cancer.
The lung cancer must establish an angiogenesis to grow, to invade, and to metastasize, in which vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) is the most functional and special adjusting factor and play an important role. So anticancer by inhibiting the expression, activity and signal conduction of VEGF become one of the new and effective methods. Meanwhile, radionuclide imaging targeting at VEGF and its receptor not only can display the angiogenesis of lung cancer, but also has profound meaning in the early diagnosis, the correct staging, and the prognosis of lung cancer.
2008, 32(2): 86-88.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the correlation of automatic quantification of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl and rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging with 99mTc-red blood cell. Methods Rest gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl was performed on 72 cases. AUTOQUANT 4.21 software was used to measure LVEF. Rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging was also performed within 24 h. The values of LVEF measured by two methods were calculated and compared. Results ① There were strong correlation between the LVEF measured by rest gated myocardial perfusion SPECT and rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging(r=0.554, P=0.000). There was no significant difference between the two methods (t=1.194, P>0.05). ② There was no significant difference between the two methods among different disease groups. ③ The values of LVEF measured by two methods were (64.68 ±10.77)% and (62.46±8.99)%. The values of LVEF measured by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT was higher 3.55% than rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging. Conclusion There was good correlation between the LVEF measured with gated myocardial perfusion SPECT by AUTOQUANT 4.21 software and gated blood-pool imaging. The LVEF can be accurately evaluated using gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl. The value of LVEF measured by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT was higher than rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging.
Objective To explore the correlation of automatic quantification of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl and rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging with 99mTc-red blood cell. Methods Rest gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl was performed on 72 cases. AUTOQUANT 4.21 software was used to measure LVEF. Rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging was also performed within 24 h. The values of LVEF measured by two methods were calculated and compared. Results ① There were strong correlation between the LVEF measured by rest gated myocardial perfusion SPECT and rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging(r=0.554, P=0.000). There was no significant difference between the two methods (t=1.194, P>0.05). ② There was no significant difference between the two methods among different disease groups. ③ The values of LVEF measured by two methods were (64.68 ±10.77)% and (62.46±8.99)%. The values of LVEF measured by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT was higher 3.55% than rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging. Conclusion There was good correlation between the LVEF measured with gated myocardial perfusion SPECT by AUTOQUANT 4.21 software and gated blood-pool imaging. The LVEF can be accurately evaluated using gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with 20lTl. The value of LVEF measured by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT was higher than rest equilibrium gated blood-pool imaging.
2008, 32(2): 89-92.
Abstract:
Radionuclide bone imaging is used as the diagnostic procedure of choice for diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue infection and can aid in the diagnosis of occult trauma without radiographic findings. There is a complimentary role in the assessment of a child with suspected non accidental injury. It also may provide a diagnosis that could be related to trauma, tumor, or inflammation in a child with unexplained bone pain or limp. Radionuclide bone imaging in children require careful attention to technique to obtain high quality diagnostic images. Routine whole-body imaging, magnification, additional views, and the use of single-photon emission computed tomography also are a routine part of this examination in children. Correlation with conventional radiographs is mandatory, and the judicious use of hybrid imaging with the addition of computed tomography may further improve diagnostic acumen, confidence and accuracy. New radiopharmaceuticals such as Na18F may also play a role in changing techniques for pediatric radionuclide bone imaging.
Radionuclide bone imaging is used as the diagnostic procedure of choice for diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue infection and can aid in the diagnosis of occult trauma without radiographic findings. There is a complimentary role in the assessment of a child with suspected non accidental injury. It also may provide a diagnosis that could be related to trauma, tumor, or inflammation in a child with unexplained bone pain or limp. Radionuclide bone imaging in children require careful attention to technique to obtain high quality diagnostic images. Routine whole-body imaging, magnification, additional views, and the use of single-photon emission computed tomography also are a routine part of this examination in children. Correlation with conventional radiographs is mandatory, and the judicious use of hybrid imaging with the addition of computed tomography may further improve diagnostic acumen, confidence and accuracy. New radiopharmaceuticals such as Na18F may also play a role in changing techniques for pediatric radionuclide bone imaging.
2008, 32(2): 92-95.
Abstract:
Bone metastases are often the first sign of distant spread in breast, prostate, and lung cancers. The pathophysiology of bone metastasis is poorly understood and related complications is complex. Bone pain consequent to metastatic cancer continues to be a major therapeutic challenge for clinicians and its alleviation is crucial to improving the patient's quality of life. Targeted radionuclide therapy is an effective and cost efficient treatment for multi-site metastatic bone pain, its advantages may also include therapy for subclinical micro-or oligometastatic disease before clinical manifestation. But radionuclides remain underutilized in such treatments.
Bone metastases are often the first sign of distant spread in breast, prostate, and lung cancers. The pathophysiology of bone metastasis is poorly understood and related complications is complex. Bone pain consequent to metastatic cancer continues to be a major therapeutic challenge for clinicians and its alleviation is crucial to improving the patient's quality of life. Targeted radionuclide therapy is an effective and cost efficient treatment for multi-site metastatic bone pain, its advantages may also include therapy for subclinical micro-or oligometastatic disease before clinical manifestation. But radionuclides remain underutilized in such treatments.
2008, 32(2): 96-98.
Abstract:
Nuclear hypoxia imaging is a convenient and safe method which can provide qualitative and quantitative information of oncology hypoxic degree. The commonly used imaging agent have two categories. Nitroimidazole agent, which effective group (-NO2) reducted in the hypoxia cell can not be reoxidized and be detained in it. Nonitroimidazole agent, which imaging mechanisms are different according to different agents. This technology is useful to formulate reasonable radiotherapy plan and evaluate radiotherapy effect.
Nuclear hypoxia imaging is a convenient and safe method which can provide qualitative and quantitative information of oncology hypoxic degree. The commonly used imaging agent have two categories. Nitroimidazole agent, which effective group (-NO2) reducted in the hypoxia cell can not be reoxidized and be detained in it. Nonitroimidazole agent, which imaging mechanisms are different according to different agents. This technology is useful to formulate reasonable radiotherapy plan and evaluate radiotherapy effect.
2008, 32(2): 99-100,117.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99mTc-4, 9-diaza-3, 3, 10, 10-tetramethyldodecan-2, 11-dione dioxime(99mTc-HL91) hypoxia imaging in detecting radiotherapy response of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who will receive radiotherapy underwent 99mTc-HL91 imaging at lh and 4 h post-injection of 99mTc-HL91. Region of interest technique was used to calculate the tumor-to-background ratios of scalp(T/B). The effects of radiotherapy were evaluated 4 weeks later by the radiotherapists according to the standard of WHO. Results ① The 99mTc-HL91 uptake ratios of T/B in thirty patients at 1 h and 4 h imaging were 1.370±0.207 and 1.883±0.358, respectively. There was a significant difference between T/B value of the two phases (t=6.794, P<0.001). ② The follow-up results demonstrated that the average T/B value at lh and 4 h phase in the group of effective radiotherapy and ineffective radiotherapy were 1.273±0.196 and 1.498±0.147, 1.679±0.232 and 2.152±0.318, respectively. There was a significant difference between T/B value of the two group. Conclusion The hypoxia status can be observed by 99mTc-HL91 imaging which has certain clinical value in forecasting the effects of radiotherapy.
Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99mTc-4, 9-diaza-3, 3, 10, 10-tetramethyldodecan-2, 11-dione dioxime(99mTc-HL91) hypoxia imaging in detecting radiotherapy response of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Thirty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who will receive radiotherapy underwent 99mTc-HL91 imaging at lh and 4 h post-injection of 99mTc-HL91. Region of interest technique was used to calculate the tumor-to-background ratios of scalp(T/B). The effects of radiotherapy were evaluated 4 weeks later by the radiotherapists according to the standard of WHO. Results ① The 99mTc-HL91 uptake ratios of T/B in thirty patients at 1 h and 4 h imaging were 1.370±0.207 and 1.883±0.358, respectively. There was a significant difference between T/B value of the two phases (t=6.794, P<0.001). ② The follow-up results demonstrated that the average T/B value at lh and 4 h phase in the group of effective radiotherapy and ineffective radiotherapy were 1.273±0.196 and 1.498±0.147, 1.679±0.232 and 2.152±0.318, respectively. There was a significant difference between T/B value of the two group. Conclusion The hypoxia status can be observed by 99mTc-HL91 imaging which has certain clinical value in forecasting the effects of radiotherapy.
2008, 32(2): 101-105.
Abstract:
Objective To study on the gene expression of normal lymphoblastoid cells(AHH-l) which exposure to difference dose of 60Coγ-ray, analyses the essential different biological effect. Methods Human AHH-I normal line was irradiated by 60Coγ-rays. Used human cDNA microarray to develop the transcriptional levels of the genes by hybridizing the mRNA of cells 8 h after exposured in different dose and the control cells. Cluster analysis, discrimination and bolting were used to filter the effective genes of differential expression. Results The results of data analysis showed 23 genes of differential expression closely related to biological effect of 2.0 Gy radiation, 5 genes express changed only by 0.5 Gy radiation, 5 genes express apparently both in 2.0 Gy and 0.5 Gy radiation. Conclusion The different dose γ-rays radiation-induced significant changes in gene expression, such as PAPLN, TP53INPI, PTENP1, FOS and TPR seem to be some important components of cellular radioresponse.
Objective To study on the gene expression of normal lymphoblastoid cells(AHH-l) which exposure to difference dose of 60Coγ-ray, analyses the essential different biological effect. Methods Human AHH-I normal line was irradiated by 60Coγ-rays. Used human cDNA microarray to develop the transcriptional levels of the genes by hybridizing the mRNA of cells 8 h after exposured in different dose and the control cells. Cluster analysis, discrimination and bolting were used to filter the effective genes of differential expression. Results The results of data analysis showed 23 genes of differential expression closely related to biological effect of 2.0 Gy radiation, 5 genes express changed only by 0.5 Gy radiation, 5 genes express apparently both in 2.0 Gy and 0.5 Gy radiation. Conclusion The different dose γ-rays radiation-induced significant changes in gene expression, such as PAPLN, TP53INPI, PTENP1, FOS and TPR seem to be some important components of cellular radioresponse.
2008, 32(2): 105-108.
Abstract:
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) constitute a family of enzymes involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. It plays a vital role in many physical and physiopathological processes. In the past ten years scientists have conducted extensive research on PARP and its inhibitors, among which the role of PARP inhibitors in radiosensitization, chemopotentiation and neuroprotection have been placed close attention. There have been several PARP inhibitors entering the clinical trials, which predicts its sound application perspectives.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) constitute a family of enzymes involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. It plays a vital role in many physical and physiopathological processes. In the past ten years scientists have conducted extensive research on PARP and its inhibitors, among which the role of PARP inhibitors in radiosensitization, chemopotentiation and neuroprotection have been placed close attention. There have been several PARP inhibitors entering the clinical trials, which predicts its sound application perspectives.
2008, 32(2): 109-113.
Abstract:
Biological dose assessment is an important means on radiation accident and occupational epidemic investigation. Cytogenetic bio-dosimeter has been very matured and widely applied through half century development. In order to reply to radiation emergency better, it becomes hot point of research to search new type molecular bio-dosimeters which are provided with quick and simple operation as well as fit in with application of great range crowd. The biological indicators of molecular level which have development potential of radiation bio-dosimeter are reviewed.
Biological dose assessment is an important means on radiation accident and occupational epidemic investigation. Cytogenetic bio-dosimeter has been very matured and widely applied through half century development. In order to reply to radiation emergency better, it becomes hot point of research to search new type molecular bio-dosimeters which are provided with quick and simple operation as well as fit in with application of great range crowd. The biological indicators of molecular level which have development potential of radiation bio-dosimeter are reviewed.
2008, 32(2): 114-117.
Abstract:
Ionizing radiation exist extensively in life environment. Low dose radiation can induce adaptive response of the body, the mechanism including DNA damage repair, promote intracellular information transfer of T cell, the produce of protective protein and the effection of reactive oxygen species. It also can enhance immunity, inhibit growth and metastasis of tumor and can effect the adverse reaction of chemotherapy.
Ionizing radiation exist extensively in life environment. Low dose radiation can induce adaptive response of the body, the mechanism including DNA damage repair, promote intracellular information transfer of T cell, the produce of protective protein and the effection of reactive oxygen species. It also can enhance immunity, inhibit growth and metastasis of tumor and can effect the adverse reaction of chemotherapy.
2008, 32(2): 118-121.
Abstract:
Objective Use two-dimensional ionization chamber array(matrixx) for relative dosimetry verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) nasoparyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Thirty patients were treated with IMRT, used theirs IMRT plans transferred to verification of matrixx model, then generated quality assurance (QA) plane in therapy plan system (TPS). According to QA plan treat for two-dimensional ionization chamber array with an actual gantry angle, and then output the measured plane dose distribution and identical plan dose distribution to ominiPro-IMRT software. Afterwards carry out QA plan and measured sectional image analysis, QA plan and measured isodose curve analysis by turns, and gamma analysis quantization. The gamma value[γ(rm)] of the measurement point,[γ(rm)]≤1 demonstrate point calculation passes, the passes point more than 90% indicate that QA plan passes for relative dosimetric verification. Results Thirty patients IMRT plans have twenty-seven plans calculation passes, the other three patients' passed point are 85.89%, 86.56%, 80.53%, which means the calculation fails. The pass rate is 90%. According to adjust therapy plan, theirs plan passed. Conclusion Two-dimensional ionization chamber array is easy and convenient to apply, which can be used as a tool for plane dose distribution verification of IMRT. It ensure that plan accuracy, which use a method of relative dosimetric verification for patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy.
Objective Use two-dimensional ionization chamber array(matrixx) for relative dosimetry verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) nasoparyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Thirty patients were treated with IMRT, used theirs IMRT plans transferred to verification of matrixx model, then generated quality assurance (QA) plane in therapy plan system (TPS). According to QA plan treat for two-dimensional ionization chamber array with an actual gantry angle, and then output the measured plane dose distribution and identical plan dose distribution to ominiPro-IMRT software. Afterwards carry out QA plan and measured sectional image analysis, QA plan and measured isodose curve analysis by turns, and gamma analysis quantization. The gamma value[γ(rm)] of the measurement point,[γ(rm)]≤1 demonstrate point calculation passes, the passes point more than 90% indicate that QA plan passes for relative dosimetric verification. Results Thirty patients IMRT plans have twenty-seven plans calculation passes, the other three patients' passed point are 85.89%, 86.56%, 80.53%, which means the calculation fails. The pass rate is 90%. According to adjust therapy plan, theirs plan passed. Conclusion Two-dimensional ionization chamber array is easy and convenient to apply, which can be used as a tool for plane dose distribution verification of IMRT. It ensure that plan accuracy, which use a method of relative dosimetric verification for patients treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy.
2008, 32(2): 122-125.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the result of whole nervous system and local site irradiation for 46 patients with intracranial germinoma. Methods Long term follow-up is exerted for these patients beween Octomber, 1995 and Octomber, 2006. The results is analysed. Results 5-year and 10-year survival rate is 93.8% and 82.6% respectively. No prognostic factors are effective statistically. Conclusion Whole central nervous irradiation for treatment of intracranial germinoma is essential. The results of the patients are satisfactory. Long-term radition brain injury is rare.
Objective To analyze the result of whole nervous system and local site irradiation for 46 patients with intracranial germinoma. Methods Long term follow-up is exerted for these patients beween Octomber, 1995 and Octomber, 2006. The results is analysed. Results 5-year and 10-year survival rate is 93.8% and 82.6% respectively. No prognostic factors are effective statistically. Conclusion Whole central nervous irradiation for treatment of intracranial germinoma is essential. The results of the patients are satisfactory. Long-term radition brain injury is rare.
2008, 32(2): 125-127.
Abstract:
Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) detector was used to measure radiation dose in space initially, and it was applied to medical domain in recent years. MOSFET detector had extent prospect in clinical field because it had the advantages that other nomal detectors couldn't compare with. This article introduced the application of MOSFET detector in radiotherapy by summarizing its basic principle, the principle of measuring dose and the relative characteristics.
Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) detector was used to measure radiation dose in space initially, and it was applied to medical domain in recent years. MOSFET detector had extent prospect in clinical field because it had the advantages that other nomal detectors couldn't compare with. This article introduced the application of MOSFET detector in radiotherapy by summarizing its basic principle, the principle of measuring dose and the relative characteristics.
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