Abstract: Lymphoma is a malignant tumor of the immune system originating from lymph nodes and lymphoid tissues. It is characterized by insidious onset and strong invasion, and is one of the tumors with the fastest growing incidence rate in China. At present, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has been an important imaging technique for the initial staging, re-staging, early treatment response, efficacy evaluation, prognosis prediction, and follow-up of malignant lymphoma. Due to the heterogeneity of lymphoma, such as different types of lymphoma in invasiveness, tissue origins, immune phenotypes, the stage of disease, and treatment response of different populations, non-¹⁸F-FDG PET molecular imaging technologies are expected to show advantages over ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the targeted diagnosis and treatment of some specific types of lymphoma. The authors focused on the research progress of non-¹⁸F-FDG PET molecular imaging in lymphoma, comparing the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages, application characteristics and development potentials between non-¹⁸F-FDG imaging agents and traditional imaging agent ¹⁸F-FDG in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma, so as to provide new ideas and methods for the specific targeted diagnosis and treatment and personalized precision medicine of lymphoma.