Abstract: Microdosimetry plays an important role in the clinical application of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). There is increasing interest to develop a set of microdosimetry model, which can exactly describe the nonuniformly distribution of dose at cellar or sub-cellar level as well as conveniently used in clinic. In this paper, will give emphasis to the introduction of some common methods of microdosimtry and some affective factors reported in current reseaches on BNCT.