Abstract: More and more emphasis has been put on ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, which is regarded as a modem screening tool. We reviewed the clinical application of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET in medical examination as the following aspects:the development of PET imaging, the detection of malignant and benign lesions, false positive and false negative and analyzes of cost-effectiveness. A large amounts of investigations show the significance of the clinical application of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET in medical examination.