Abstract: Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide with a wide range of biological activities. It can regular the cellular proliferaton and differentiation through its receptors. Recent reports suggest that VIP receptors are expressed on a variety of malignant tumor cells and that the receptor density is higher than normal tissue. The high expression of VIP receptors provided the basis for the clinical use of radiolabeled VIP for the in vivo localization of the malignant tumors. The imaging has been used for diagnosis,staging, therapy strategy and prognosis of wide range of tumors.