Abstract: Regional of interest (ROI) is the method regularly used to analyze brain functional imaging.But, due to its obvious shortcomings such as subjectivity and poor reproducibility, precise analyzing the brain function was seriously limited.Therefore, statistical parametric mapping (SPM) as an automatic analyze software was developed based on voxel or pixel to resolve this problem.Using numerous mathmatical models, it can be used to statistically assess the whole brain pixel.Present review introduces its main principle, modular composition and practical application.It can be concluded, with development of neuroscience, the SPM software will be used more widely in relative field, like neurobiology, cognition and neuropharmacology.