Abstract: mRNA differential display, based upon the techmiques of anchored primer-polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription-pohymerase chain reaction,is an effective method for the detection of differentially expressed genes. Since its initial description, it has been an important molecular biology technique with continuous improvements and developments. The application of this technique for the identification of radiation injuries and repair related genes will help to understand the molecular mechanisms of these pathological processes,as well as provide guidance for prevention and therapy of radiation injuries.