Abstract: Objective To obtain the level of IL-1β in auto-immue pathological processes of thyroid eye disease patients treated with ¹³¹I.Methods By the prepositive dignose,a total of 31 patients of thyroid eye disease was investigated.They all had opthalmic symptoms,their thyroid hormones were higher than that of normal persons.These patients were foreclosed the ophthalmology caused by other diseases making use of the orbit CT.The degree of binocular exopthalmos was measured by a specialist.The dosage of ¹³¹I treatment according to formula calculation.To detect the serum level of IL-1β by rdioimmunoassay.Results The serum level of IL-1β in thyroid eye disease group is higher than that of control group in some degree (pretherapeutic level of IL-1β is (0.15±0.07)ng/ml,therapeutic level of IL-1β is (0.11±0.05) ng/ml,normal control is (0.10±0.03) ng/ml,H=68.088,P<0.001.After ¹³¹I treatment,serum level of IL-1β were dropped in thyroid eye disease patients (H=88.56,P<0.001),and the degree of ophthalmic symptom was also mended. Conclusion The level of IL-1β in peripheral blood of thyroid eye disease patients is closely associated with morbility,and there is a reduction of IL-1β level in the serum of thyroid eye disease patient after ¹³¹I treatment compared with that before treatment,also there is a significant improvement after treatment.