Abstract: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)is the most common technique for the restenosis of coronary arteries.Restenosis,Which is an unsolved clinical problem occurs within 6 months in 40%~60% of all cases.At present,endovascular irradiation with radioistope is a promising method to overcome restenosis.This article mainly disscusses the mechanism,doses,animal and clinical experiments and safety of intravascular brachytherapy.It is a review of relatively recently developed field of this technique.