Abstract: Radiotherapy is an important contributor to curative treatment of esophageal carcinoma. With the development and improvement of science and technology, people have paid more attention to the radiation damage of normal tissue while caring about all malignant cells killed. From the point of view of radiation protection, this paper aims to show that advanced technologies including heavy iron beams、three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and imaging guided radiotherapy have contributed directly and indirectly to development of protection in esophageal carcinoma.