Abstract: Atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque refers to the plaque with poor stability and tendency of thrombosis, and acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemia evens are mainly caused by the rupture of vulnerable plaque and secondary thrombosis. Studies have shown that coronary atherosclerosis is closed related to and often occurs simultaneously with head and neck atherosclerosis, and some inflammatory factors can be detected in peripheral blood at the early stage of the disease. There are many clinical method for the diagnosis of vulnerable plaque. In this paper, the imaging diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaque of coronary arteries and head and neck as well as the research status and prospects of related inflammatory factors are summarized as follows.