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多发性骨髓瘤(multipe myeloma,MM)是一种常伴有溶骨性骨质破坏的血液系统恶性疾病,它主要通过骨髓内单克隆浆细胞异常增殖及M蛋白的过量表达而致病。多发性骨髓瘤骨病(multiple myeloma bone disease,MBD)是MM患者的典型临床表现,骨和骨髓系统是其最主要的受累部位。在其他器官遭受侵犯前,往往已有50%的MM患者发生骨骼系统受累,因此早期诊断MBD尤为重要。在过去几十年间,临床主要通过传统的影像学方法(X线、CT及MRI等)来判定骨骼病变,2014年国际骨髓瘤工作组指南中也曾建议可采用低剂量CT反映骨病程度[1]。有资料表明两个及以上溶骨性病灶即预示病变已进展至Ⅲ期(Durie-Salmon分期),且预后较差[2]。
然而,CT等传统的影像学方法反映的只是形态学信息,对MBD的诊断及判断预后的价值有限,核医学显像为功能成像,能够较早地诊断MBD以及更好地评估预后。本研究采用18F-FDG PET/CT显像及99Tcm-MDP SPECT全身骨显像对MBD的诊断效能进行对比分析,旨在为临床更好地诊疗提供帮助。
18F-FDG和99Tcm-MDP显像诊断多发性骨髓瘤骨病的对比研究
Comparative study of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone scan for multiple myeloma bone disease detection
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摘要:
目的 对比研究18F-FDG PET/CT和99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐(99Tcm-MDP)SPECT全身骨显像对多发性骨髓瘤骨病(MBD)的诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析2015年4月至2018年5月在安徽医科大学附属安庆医院经临床确诊的29例多发性骨髓瘤初治患者,其中,男性18例、女性11例,年龄39~81(60.14±10.41)岁。所有患者均于两周内先后行18F-FDG PET/CT显像及99Tcm-MDP SPECT全身骨显像,对比分析18F-FDG PET/CT和99Tcm-MDP SPECT显像检出的骨异常改变,对两种显像方法检出MBD例数的比较采用配对资料的χ2检验。 结果 29例多发性骨髓瘤患者均伴发MBD,18F-FDG PET/CT显像阳性者28例(骨骼局灶型摄取显像剂18例,弥漫型骨髓摄取1例,混合型摄取9例),99Tcm-MDP SPECT骨显像阳性21例(表现为骨骼单发或多发放射性浓聚灶),阳性符合率分别为96.6%(28/29)和72.4%(21/29),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.0,P<0.05)。 结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像比99Tcm-MDP SPECT全身骨显像对MBD的探测更为灵敏,且对骨髓浸润及髓外侵犯亦具有良好的诊断效能。 -
关键词:
- 多发性骨髓瘤骨病 /
- 正电子发射断层显像计算机体层摄影术 /
- 体层摄影术, 发射型计算机, 单光子 /
- 氟脱氧葡萄糖F18 /
- 99m锝美罗酸盐
Abstract:Objiective To compare the diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT and 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonic acid (99Tcm-MDP) SPECT whole body bone scan in detecting of multiple myeloma bone disease (MBD). Methods The retrospective study enrolled 18 male and 11 female multipe myeloma (MM) patients, aged 39-81 years (mean, 60.14±10.41 years) and clinically diagnosed from April 2015 to May 2018 in Anqing hospital affiliated to Anhui medical university. 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT were performed two weeks apart, and χ2 test was used in comparing abnormal bone changes detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT. Results 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT accurately diagnosed 28 and 21 MM patients, respectively. Eighteen patients were focal, one patient was diffuse, and nine patients were mixed on the 18F-FDG PET/CT images. Twenty-one MM patients were found single, that is, multiple bones accumulated the agent abnormally on 99Tcm-MDP SPECT images. The positive match rate of 18F-FDG PET/CT and 99Tcm-MDP SPECT were 96.6% (28/29) and 72.4% (21/29), respectively. The differences between the sensitivities of the two methods were significant. Conclusion The results indicate that 18F-FDG PET/CT is more sensitive than 99Tcm-MDP SPECT in detecting MBD in patients with MM and has a significant diagnostic value for bone marrow involvement and extramedullary disease. -
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