Abstract: The identification of benign and malignant lung tumors, the staging of malignant lung tumors, and the assessment of post-treatment efficacy are critical for patient survival and quality of life. Dual-energy CT(DECT) has become a hot topic in the field of lung tumor research with the emergence of DECT technology in recent years. The authors outline DECT technology and its use in identifying benign and malignant nodules in the lungs, staging lung tumors, and evaluating therapeutic response.