-
根据2015年世界卫生组织的数据,癌症是91个国家小于70岁人群的主要死因。医学发展至今,恶性肿瘤诊疗取得了长足进步,但仍存在诸多不足。传统的影像学检查方式止步于解剖显像,难以诊断早期肿瘤。经典的治疗方式虽在不断改进,仍存在靶向性低、不良反应多及放疗抵抗等弊端。因此,实现对肿瘤形成过程中关键分子的可视化、为癌症的早诊早治提供科学可行的新策略是当今医学亟待解决的问题。
纳米材料是指三维空间中至少有一维尺寸小于100 nm的材料[1],其具有粒径小、靶向性高、表面可修饰及低毒性等独特优点。将放射性核素与纳米材料结合,构建核医学纳米载体系统,能够优化放射性核素在靶组织内的分布,使其最大限度地聚集于肿瘤部位,与周围正常组织形成良好对比。核医学纳米载体系统负载化疗药物后能够减轻化疗过程中药物的不良反应。在众多的放射性核素中,放射性核素131I来源广泛,价格低廉,标记方法简单,射线易于检测。尤为重要的是,131I集诊断与治疗于一身,其衰变发射出的γ射线用于体外成像,β射线用于内照射治疗。因此,在利用131I标记纳米材料以非侵入性方法进行早期诊断的同时,可实时、直观地提供肿瘤的位置、体积及关键靶点等异质性信息,用于指导肿瘤靶向治疗,减少对正常细胞的损害,开创了肿瘤诊疗一体化的新模式。
放射性核素131I标记纳米材料在恶性肿瘤诊疗中的应用
Application of radionuclide 131I labeled nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumor
-
摘要: 恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类健康,其早期诊断与治疗是提高肿瘤患者生存率的关键因素,核医学纳米载体系统的出现满足了现阶段医学科研及临床医学对恶性肿瘤诊疗的需求。用放射性核素131I标记纳米材料,可充分利用纳米材料粒径小、表面可修饰等优点,实现肿瘤形成过程中关键分子可视化,从而实现早期诊断的目标。与此同时,还可最大程度地提高131I的靶向浓度,将放射性核素本身的治疗效果发挥至最佳,开创了肿瘤诊疗一体化的新模式。笔者拟对放射性核素131I标记不同纳米材料在肿瘤诊疗中的应用进行综述。Abstract: Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human health, and its early diagnosis and treatment is the key factor to improve the survival rate of cancer patients. The nanocarrier system of nuclear medicine then comes into being, which meets the needs of medical research and clinical medicine on malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment at the present stage. By labeling nanomaterials with radionuclide 131I, the advantages of nanomaterials, such as small particle size and surface modification, can be fully utilized to realize visualization of key molecules in the process of tumor formation, so as to achieve the goal of early diagnosis. At the same time, the targeted concentration of 131Ican be increased to the greatest extent, and the therapeutic effect of radionuclides themselves can be maximized, thus creating a new model of tumor diagnosis and treatment integration. The application of different nanomaterials labeled with radionuclide 131I in tumor diagnosis and treatment was reviewed.
-
Key words:
- 3-Iodobenzylguanidine /
- Nanomaterials /
- Tumor diagnosis and therapy
-
[1] Maynard RL. Nano-technology and nano-toxicology[J/OL]. Emerg Health Threats J, 2012, 5(1): 17508 [2018-07-31]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22662021. DOI: 10.3402/ehtj.v5i0.17508. [2] 王树斌, 袁飞, 彭志平, 等. EGF偶联牛血清白蛋白纳米载体的构建[J]. 重庆医科大学学报, 2008, 33(6): 645−648, 682. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.2008.06.025.
Wang SB, Yuan F, Peng ZP, et al. Construction of EGF coupling bovine serum albumin nano-carrier[J]. J Chongqing Med Univ, 2008, 33(6): 645−648, 682. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.2008.06.025.[3] Li W, Ji YH, Li CX, et al. Evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness of 131I-antiEGFR-BSA-PCL in a mouse model of colorectal cancer[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(14): 3758−3768. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i14.3758. [4] Li CX, Tan J, Chang J, et al. Radioiodine-labeled anti-epidermal growth factor receptor binding bovine serum albumin-polycaprolactone for targeting imaging of glioblastoma[J]. Oncol Rep, 2017, 38(5): 2919−2926. DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5937. [5] Lin M, Huang JX, Zhang DS, et al. Hepatoma-targeted radionuclide immune albumin nanospheres: 131I-antiAFPMcAb-GCV-BSA-NPs[J]. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst), 2016, 2016: 9142198. DOI: 10.1155/2016/9142198. [6] 季发权, 戚宁, 张东升, 等. 131I-antiAFP导向载药纳米粒对肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用[J]. 第三军医大学学报, 2018, 40(5): 395−399. DOI: 10.16016/j.1000−5404.201709228.
Ji FQ, Qi N, Zhang DS, et al. Inhibitory effect 131I-antiAFP McAb-DOX-BSA nanoparticles on hepatocellular carcinoma bearing nude mice[J]. J Third Mil Med Univ, 2018, 40(5): 395−399. DOI: 10.16016/j.1000−5404.201709228.[7] Tian LL, Chen Q, Yi X, et al. Albumin-templated manganese dioxide nanoparticles for enhanced radioisotope therapy[J]. Small, 2017, 13(25): 1700640. DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700640. [8] Tian LL, Chen Q, Yi X, et al. Radionuclide I-131 labeled albumin-paclitaxel nanoparticles for synergistic combined chemo-radioisotope therapy of cancer[J]. Theranostics, 2017, 7(3): 614−623. DOI: 10.7150/thno.17381. [9] Major M, Prieur E, Tocanne JF, et al. Characterisation and phase behaviour of phospholipid bilayers adsorbed on spherical polysaccharidic nanoparticles[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1997, 1327(1): 32−40. DOI: 10.1016/S0005−2736(97)00041−2. [10] Wang HY, Sheng WZ. 131I-traced PLGA-lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers for the targeted chemotherapeutic treatment of melanoma[J]. Nanoscale Res Lett, 2017, 12(1): 365. DOI: 10.1186/s11671−017−2140−7. [11] Lee J, Kim J, Jeong M, et al. Liposome-based engineering of cells to package hydrophobic compounds in membrane vesicles for tumor penetration[J]. Nano Lett, 2015, 15(5): 2938−2944. DOI: 10.1021/nl5047494. [12] Gao JM, Fang L, Sun DY, et al. 131I-labeled and DOX-loaded multifunctional nanoliposomes for radiotherapy and chemotherapy in brain gliomas[J]. Brain Res, 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.014. [13] Li W, Sun DY, Li N, et al. Therapy of cervical cancer using 131I-labeled nanoparticles[J]. J Int Med Res, 2018, 46(6): 2359−2370. DOI: 10.1177/0300060518761787. [14] Chou CH, Chen CD, Wang CRC. Highly efficient, wavelength-tunable, gold nanoparticle based optothermal nanoconvertors[J]. J Phys Chem B, 2005, 109(22): 11135−11138. DOI: 10.1021/jp0444520. [15] Su N, Dang YJ, Liang GL, et al. Iodine-125-labeled cRGD-gold nanoparticles as tumor-targeted radiosensitizer and imaging agent[J]. Nanoscale Res Lett, 2015, 10: 160. DOI: 10.1186/s11671−015−0864−9. [16] Zhong JP, Wen LW, Yang SH, et al. Imaging-guided high-efficient photoacoustic tumor therapy with targeting gold nanorods[J]. Nanomedicine, 2015, 11(6): 1499−1509. DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.002. [17] Joshi PP, Yoon SJ, Hardin WG, et al. Conjugation of antibodies to gold nanorods through Fc portion: synthesis and molecular specific imaging[J]. Bioconjug Chem, 2013, 24(6): 878−888. DOI: 10.1021/bc3004815. [18] Vigderman L, Khanal BP, Zubarev ER. Functional gold nanorods: synthesis, self-assembly, and sensing applications[J]. Adv Mater, 2012, 24(36): 4811−4841. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201690. [19] Haubner R, Bruchertseifer F, Bock M, et al. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a 99mTc-labelled cyclic RGD peptide for imaging the αvβ3 expression[J]. Nuklearmedizin, 2004, 43(1): 26−32. DOI: 10.1055/s−0038−1623911. [20] Eskandari N, Yavari K, Outokesh M, et al. Iodine-131 radiolabeling of poly ethylene glycol-coated gold nanorods for in vivo imaging[J]. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm, 2013, 56(1): 12−16. DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3006. [21] Zhang YY, Zhang YX, Yin LL, et al. Synthesis and bioevaluation of iodine-131 directly labeled cyclic RGD-pegylated gold nanorods for tumor-targeted imaging[J]. Contrast Media Mol Imaging, 2017, 2017: 6081724. DOI: 10.1155/2017/6081724. [22] 陈建芳, 张海良, 王霞瑜. 树枝状偶氮液晶高分子(PAMAM-MMAZO)的合成及表征[J]. 应用化学, 2006, 23(8): 835−839. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000−0518.2006.08.004.
Chen JF, Zhang HL, Wang XY. Synthesis and characterization of dendritic azobenzene side-chain liquid crystalline copolymer (PAMAM-MMAZO)[J]. Chin J Appl Chem, 2006, 23(8): 835−839. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000−0518.2006.08.004.[23] Liu Y, Bryantsev VS, Diallo MS, et al. PAMAM dendrimers undergo pH responsive conformational changes without swelling[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131(8): 2798−2799. DOI: 10.1021/ja8100227. [24] Gomez MV, Guerra J, Velders AH, et al. NMR characterization of fourth-generation PAMAM dendrimers in the presence and absence of palladium dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131(1): 341−350. DOI: 10.1021/ja807488d. [25] Malik N, Wiwattanapatapee R, Klopsch R, et al. Dendrimers: relationship between structure and biocompatibility in vitro, and preliminary studies on the biodistribution of 125I-labelled polyamidoamine dendrimers in vivo[J]. J Control Release, 2000, 65(1/2): 133−148. DOI: 10.1016/S0168−3659(99)00246−1. [26] 乔文礼, 赵晋华, 邵晓霞, 等. 131I-BmK CT的制备及其在胶质瘤荷瘤大鼠体内分布与显像研究[J]. 核技术, 2011, 34(3): 213−216.
Qiao WL, Zhao JH, Shao XX, et al. Preparation of 131I-BmK CT and bio-distribution and imaging in glioma-bearing rats[J]. Nucl Tech, 2011, 34(3): 213−216.[27] Cheng YJ, Zhu JY, Zhao LZ, et al. 131I-labeled multifunctional dendrimers modified with BmK CT for targeted SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of gliomas[J]. Nanomedicine (Lond), 2016, 11(10): 1253−1266. DOI: 10.2217/nnm−2016−0001. [28] Gupta AK, Gupta M. Synthesis and surface engineering of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications[J]. Biomaterials, 2005, 26(18): 3995−4021. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.10.012. [29] Shevtsov M, Multhoff G. Recent developments of magnetic nanoparticles for theranostics of brain tumor[J]. Curr Drug Metab, 2016, 17(8): 737−744. DOI: 10.2174/1389200217666160607232540. [30] Gobbo OL, Sjaastad K, Radomski MW, et al. Magnetic nanoparticles in cancer theranostics[J/OL]. Theranostics, 2015, 5(11): 1249-1263 [2018-07-31]. http://www.thno.org/v05p1249.htm. DOI: 10.7150/thno.11544. [31] Chen J, Zhu S, Tong LQ, et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles mediated 131I-hVEGF siRNA inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth in nude mice[J/OL]. BMC Cancer, 2014, 14: 114 [2018-07-31]. https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-14-114. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-114. [32] Yang K, Zhang S, Zhang GX, et al. Graphene in mice: ultrahigh in vivo tumor uptake and efficient photothermal therapy[J]. Nano Lett, 2010, 10(9): 3318−3323. DOI: 10.1021/nl100996u. [33] Chen L, Zhong XY, Yi X, et al. Radionuclide 131I labeled reduced graphene oxide for nuclear imaging guided combined radio- and photothermal therapy of cancer[J]. Biomaterials, 2015, 66: 21−28. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.06.043. [34] Song XJ, Liang C, Feng LZ, et al. Iodine-131-labeled, transferrin-capped polypyrrole nanoparticles for tumor-targeted synergistic photothermal-radioisotope therapy[J]. Biomater Sci, 2017, 5(9): 1828−1835. DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00409e.
计量
- 文章访问数: 15979
- HTML全文浏览量: 14588
- PDF下载量: 35