Abstract: Pelvic cancer is among the most commonly diagnosed cancers, and radiotherapy is frequently conducted as a part of tumor comprehensive treatment. Radiotherapy can improve tumor control rate but can also damage surrounding normal tissue. Pelvic radiation disease is the most common complication that results from radiotherapy to a tumor of pelvic origin, thereby seriously affecting the quality of life of a patient. If early intervention can be achieved, the patient will benefit by reducing the incidence of the disease. This article reviews domestic and foreign literature on the prevention of pelvic radiation disease.