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胰腺癌是临床上较为常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤,同时也是恶性程度最高、预后最差的恶性肿瘤之一,并且胰腺癌患者就诊时多为晚期,仅20%左右的患者可行根治性手术,但其5年生存率仍低于15%[1-2]。对于失去手术机会的晚期胰腺癌患者,临床上多采用非手术和局部治疗的方法,且联合放化疗是胰腺癌的常用治疗手段,可有效延长患者的生存期,降低患者腹部疼痛程度。近年来,在国内放射性粒子植入治疗胰腺癌已被临床广泛应用,125I粒子植入能缩小病灶,并具有安全性和有效性[3-5]。本研究对B超引导下125I粒子治疗晚期胰腺癌的患者进行了回顾性分析,并对患者的主观疗效、客观疗效、并发症及不良反应等临床疗效进行了评价。
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由于严格按照术前计划质量指标及术中优化治疗计划原则,所以术后质量验证各项指标均达到要求,所有患者的D90>PD,最大剂量点基本上都发生在瘤体的中心部位,剂量为8000~11 800 cGy不等,最大剂量<12 000 cGy,癌体边缘的剂量较小为5200~5900 cGy,PD的靶体积与全部靶体积的适形度≈1,体积剂量直方图确认相邻器官组织受到照射剂量低于耐受剂量,无剂量冷区,均无需补充粒子治疗。其中1例患者质量验证见图 1。
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97例患者术前疼痛NRS评分为7.5±2.3,术后1周为2.1±1.3,术后2周为2.8±1.5,术后1个月为3.2±1.7,术后3个月为4.5±1.6,术前分别与术后各段时间疼痛NRS评分比较,采用χ2检验,其结果分别为χ2=0.018、0.022、0.034、0.045,P均<0.05,表示差异有统计学意义。
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根据实体瘤的疗效评价标准,125I粒子植入1~3个月复查CT,评价为CR患者8例(8/97,8.25%)、PR患者46例(46/97,47.42%)、SD患者34例(34/97,35.05%)、疾病进展患者9例(9/97,9.28%),有效例数(CR+PR)为54例(55.67%),无效(疾病进展+SD)为43例(44.33%)。其中1例有效患者治疗前后的CT、MRI影像图分别见图 2和图 3。
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97例晚期胰腺癌患者术前血清肿瘤标志物CA242、CA19-9水平分别与术后1个月、术后3个月比较(表 1),P均<0.05,表明差异有统计学意义。
时间 CA242/(U/mL) CA19-9/(U/mL) 术前 96.37±10.25 112.49±16.23 术后1个月 31.58±5.65(χ2=0.027) 36.47±7.24(χ2=0.017) 术后3个月 32.02±6.25(χ2=0.029) 37.29±6.89(χ2=0.022) 注:表中,CA242:糖类抗原242;CA19-9:糖类抗原19-9;125I粒子治疗前后比较,P均<0.05。 表 1 晚期胰腺癌患者125I治疗前后血清CA242和CA19-9的水平比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of serum CA242 and CA19-9 levels in patients with advanced pancreatic neoplasms before and after 125I treatment(x±s)
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本研究纳入的术后生存期有效统计患者为97例,进行24个月随访,术后3、6、9、12、24个月生存率分别为92.8%、83.5%、51.5%、34.0%、5.2%,中位生存时间为(8.0±4.5)个月。
所有125I粒子植入患者术后均未出现胰漏、感染、出血、乳糜漏等并发症;无消化道反应,如轻微的上腹胀饱、恶心、呕吐、低热等。9例患者术后出现腹胀、恶心、食欲减退,对症治疗后逐渐好转。所有患者术后1周、2周及1个月后复查血常规未发现白细胞、血小板下降等骨髓抑制现象。
B超引导下术中125I粒子植入治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效评价
Evaluation of 125I particle implantation in the treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic neoplasms using B ultrasound-guided surgery
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摘要:
目的 探讨B超引导下125I粒子组织间植入治疗晚期胰腺癌的临床价值。 方法 97例晚期胰腺癌患者在B超引导下术中植入125I粒子,采用疼痛数字分级法、实体瘤的疗效评价标准和肿瘤标志物糖类抗原242、19-9(CA242、CA19-9)的水平进行疗效评价,随访中观察患者的并发症及不良反应等。 结果 术前与术后1周、2周、1个月、3个月的患者疼痛评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=0.018、0.022、0.034、0.045,P均 < 0.05);肿瘤完全缓解患者8例、部分缓解46例、稳定34例、疾病进展9例,总有效率为55.67%(54/97);术前与术后1个月、3个月CA242、CA19-9的水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=0.027、0.029、0.017、0.022,P均 < 0.05);治疗后中位生存时间为(8.0±4.5)个月,未出现严重并发症及不良反应。 结论 B超引导下125I粒子植入治疗晚期胰腺癌,疗效确切,安全性高,癌痛缓解明显。 -
关键词:
- 胰腺肿瘤 /
- 碘放射性同位素 /
- 近距离放射疗法 /
- 实体肿瘤疗效评价标准
Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical value of 125I radioactive seed interstitial implantation in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods The pain classification, solid tumor response evaluation criteria, and tumor markers(carbohydrate antigen CA242 and CA19-9) were examined in 97 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer by using ultrasound-guided 125I particle implantation surgery to evaluate the complications and adverse reactions of the tool. Results Comparison among preoperative state, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months post-surgery revealed significant differences in pain scores(χ2=0.018, 0.022, 0.034, 0.045, all P < 0.05); 8 cases had complete remission, 46 cases had partial remission, 34 cases were stable, and 9 cases progressed. The total effectiveness rate was 55.67%(54/97); moreover, comparison among the preoperative state, 1 month, and 3 months post-surgery indicated significant differences in the serum levels of CA19-9 and CA242(χ2=0.027, 0.029, 0.017, 0.022, all P < 0.05). After treatment, the median survival time was(8.0±4.5) months. No serious complications and adverse reactions were observed. Conclusion 125I radioactive particle implantation for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer using ultrasound-guided surgery had curative effects, high safety, and significant pain relief. -
表 1 晚期胰腺癌患者125I治疗前后血清CA242和CA19-9的水平比较(x±s)
Table 1. Comparison of serum CA242 and CA19-9 levels in patients with advanced pancreatic neoplasms before and after 125I treatment(x±s)
时间 CA242/(U/mL) CA19-9/(U/mL) 术前 96.37±10.25 112.49±16.23 术后1个月 31.58±5.65(χ2=0.027) 36.47±7.24(χ2=0.017) 术后3个月 32.02±6.25(χ2=0.029) 37.29±6.89(χ2=0.022) 注:表中,CA242:糖类抗原242;CA19-9:糖类抗原19-9;125I粒子治疗前后比较,P均<0.05。 -
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