Abstract: Radiation therapy occupies an irreplaceable position for cancer therapy. The sensibility of the tumor is a fundamental factor that influences the treatment effectiveness. The drug of radiosensitization can reinforce the radiosensitivity by raising the sensitivity of the tumors in order to decrease the expose dose and the lesion of normal tissue. At present there are cytotoxic drug, targeted drug and Chinese drugs pharmaceutics. This article reviews the mechanism of action, status quo and research progression of the radiosensitization drugs.