Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the recent medical, people′s demand for the early diagnosis and accurate localization of the disease have been increased. Recently, the PET/CT and SPECT/CT have been widely used in clinic. In order to accurately locate lesions and diagnose the disease at the same time, the bimodal molecular imaging have been widely concerned by the researchers and clinical scientists. Other than the advanced imaging equipment, the most important for the bimodal molecular imaging is to develop new and efficient bimodal molecular imaging probes. Dendrimer nanomaterial is a potential bimodal molecular imaging probe vector because of its uniform structure, controllable particle size, and meanwhile the surface with a large number of active groups which can be used to connect multiple molecular probes. This paper introduced the application of dendrimer nanomaterial used as bimodal molecular imaging probe vector in optical imaging/MRI, SPECT/CT and CT/MRI.