Abstract: Radiation therapy developed very quickly in recent years and was widely applied in cerebral vascular malformations, neoplasms and brain lesions. It can not only control the progress of the diseases, but also improve the life quality of patients. Nearly 20 years it has appeared stereotactic radiotherapy, conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy. It makes the ray more concentrated to the body, so the radiation dose increased sharply. But treated with large doses of radiation therapy may increase common brain tissue injury for patients. Brain tissue injury occurs in 3 to 6 months after radiation therapy. Conventional treatments include dehydration, anticoagulation and surgical operation. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a new method for radioactive nerve injury. And hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been repeatedly mentioned recently. This article will review something about hyperbaric oxygen therapy in adjuvant treatment of radioactive nerve injury.