Abstract: National occupational health standard—Diagnostic Criteria for External Radiation Bone Injuries has been approved and issued by the Ministry of Health. Based on the extensive research of literature, systematic study of the relevant laws and regulations, this standard was enacted according to its making principles. It is mainly used for diagnosis of bone injury induced by radiation accident, and it also can serve as a guide to diagnose bone injury induced by medical radiation. To implement this standard, and to diagnose and treat the external radiation bone injuries patient correctly and promptly, the contents of this standard were interpreted in this article.