Abstract: Lung cancer has become the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma(SCLC), and now is gradually applied in the early and middle stage of NSCLC. With the development of new technology, ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT is applied in evaluation of chemotherapy effect and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. The application of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in the lung cancer chemotherapy are reviewed in this paper.