Abstract: Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ASODN) technology is based on nucleic acid hybridization principles, and designed for the specific target of ASODN sequence, thus to inhibit the expression of specific genes. Molecular imaging is the emerging cross-subject in cell and molecular level of living biological processes to describe and measure. Molecular imaging technology as a platform for ASODN technology to reach non-invasive, real-time, live, specific, detailed images directly through the display cells or molecular level physiological and pathological processes. This introductory chapter summarizes the role of ASODN mechanism, chemical modification, ASODN technology progress and ASODN technology in the field of molecular imaging applications.