Objective To deeply analyze the challenges and countermeasures of on-site medical rescue demands under the scenario of a dirty bomb attack,and to provide suggestions and reflections for effectively responding to large-scale nuclear or radiation emergencies in our country.

Methods Taking a hypothetical dirty bomb attack in a certain country as an example, this paper comprehensively analyzes the on-site medical rescue needs under a dirty bomb attack by considering the population distribution, rescue force construction, and rescue equipment allocation in our country, and proposes corresponding countermeasures.

Results The study accurately determines the time required for monitoring surface radioactive contamination in representative populations in our country, and based on this,estimates the demand for on-site medical rescue forces in large-scale nuclear or radiation emergencies such as dirty bomb attacks. In view of the current situation of a shortage of professional rescue personnel and insufficient reserves of rescue supplies in our country, the study proposes a plan for the integration of peacetime and wartime rescue forces and supplies, providing suggestions and reflections for perfecting the emergency response system for large-scale nuclear or radiation emergencies such as dirty bomb attacks in our country.

Conclusion On-site medical rescue in large-scale nuclear or radiation emergencies remains a key area of focus in emergency health response. Analyzing the demand for rescue forces and exploring the countermeasures for the two key issues of personnel and material allocation are of great significance for improving our country′s emergency capabilities and ensuring the safety and health of the public.