Abstract: Scars are a prevalent dermatological condition, typically characterized by the formation of fibrous tissue (scar tissue) during the healing process following skin trauma. Keloids are defined as abnormally proliferative scar tissue that extends above the skin's surface, resulting in altered skin texture and an uneven appearance, often resembling nodules. Most keloids develop from surgical interventions, localized folliculitis, or acne. They can occasionally be extremely painful, significantly impacting physical and mental health and overall quality of life. Keloids treated with conventional methods frequently exhibit recurrent hypertrophic growth, presenting considerable challenges for clinical management. Radionuclide application therapy is a first-line treatment for preventing the recurrence of scars after surgery. This therapy has been utilized in China for over half a century, with clinical practice demonstrating a high safety profile. Isotopes such as ⁹⁰Sr or ³²P release β-rays, which have a short penetration depth and strong ionizing ability in tissues, thereby preventing damage to the dermis and posing no systemic risks. Treatment with ⁹⁰Sr or ³²P application is straightforward, safe, painless, and highly effective, its application in clinical practice has gradually received attention recently. This consensus aims to provide guidelines for the treatment of keloids via radionuclide application therapy, with the goals of optimizing treatment protocols, enhancing therapeutic outcomes, and minimizing adverse effects.