Abstract: Since the successful explosion of the first hydrogen bomb in China, China′s research and development capability of nuclear fusion technology has been further improved. A new generation of thermonuclear fusion device 'artificial sun' has been successfully developed in recent years, which breaking the operating record for China′s controllable nuclear fusion devices, marking a major breakthrough in the field of controllable nuclear fusion in China. With the rapid development of nuclear fusion technology and the continued construction of nuclear power plants in China, the amount of tritium released into the environment from the reactor is expected to increase continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the long-term effects of tritium on mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity within the body. Meanwhile, the environmental impact of Japan′s Fukushima nuclear sewage discharged into the sea should be concerned, and the separation and purification technology of tritium-containing wastewater and the research and application of tritium-permeation-proof materials should be promoted.