Abstract: The collection, storage and decay of radioactive waste have always been the focus of nuclear medicine and even the nuclear industry. In recent years, China′s management of radioactive waste in nuclear medicine has been more mature with the continuous updating and improvement of laws and regulations, but there are still some problems to be solved. The authors summarize the management status of solid, liquid and gaseous radioactive waste in ¹³¹I treatment sites of nuclear medicine at home and abroad, and analyze the deficiencies of radioactive waste management in ¹³¹I treatment wards of nuclear medicine and the problems of current standards. The authors also focus on the management of clothing used by patients with¹³¹I treatment and the reduction of the volume and concentration of radioactive waste in ¹³¹I treatment ward, and briefly describe the layout of air supply and exhaust system in ¹³¹I treatment ward and the research status of iodine adsorption filter, in order to provide reference for radiation protection in nuclear medicine in China.