Abstract: Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine tumor, some thyroid cancer patients will have local progression and metastasis after standardized treatment, and a part of the patients′ tumor cells are no longer sensitive to iodine or progress after iodine treatment, for radioactive dine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). For RAIR-DTC targeted therapy has become the main clinical choice, and with the in-depth research on targeted therapy for RAIR-DTC in recent years, the number of drugs for targeted therapy has gradually increased. However, according to the results of clinical trials on targeted therapy for thyroid cancer in recent years, the overall survival benefit of thyroid cancer is still relatively limited. Therefore, according to the patients and their disease conditions, the static and dynamic clinical characteristics of the patients should be considered comprehensively as to whether and when to start the targeted therapy. In this article, the authors will discuss the timing of the treatment of RAIR-DTC based on the domestic and international reports and experiences.