Abstract: Nuclear energy is an indispensable energy for human beings in the development of the world economy. Both the tritium produced in nuclear fission reactors and the fuel tritium adopted in nuclear fusion reactors are at risk of leakage and release. Therefore, the transfer and monitoring of tritium in the aerosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere and biosphere is a pioneering and important topic in the field of radiation protection. This paper reviewed the classification of nuclear fusion energy, the source and transfer of fuel tritium in nuclear fusion, the monitoring of tritium in air, the analysis of tritium in water, the monitoring of tritium in soil, the analysis of tritium in food and biological samples, and the monitoring of tritium level in the environment, which can provide important reference for the healthy development of nuclear energy and tritium monitoring.