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宫颈癌是女性最常见的生殖系统恶性肿瘤,其病因主要包括宫颈糜烂、孕产次数过多、人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染等[1]。临床医师主要采取外照射放疗对中晚期宫颈癌患者进行治疗,该方法准确性较高,但局部放疗会对肿瘤所在靶区周围正常组织造成损伤,进而诱发各种不良反应、并发症等,且治疗后患者容易复发[2]。调强适形放射治疗(intensity-modulated radiation therapy,IMRT)可以在恶性肿瘤的病灶部位进行集中放疗,故对正常组织具有较好的保护作用,其不但可以提高放疗的准确性,同时还能够有效地控制不良反应的发生,进一步提高治疗效果[3]。临床常用的化疗药物为铂类药物,该类药物虽然可以对肿瘤起到一定的抑制作用,但其治疗效果仍存在局限性。同步放化疗在中晚期宫颈癌患者的治疗中产生了较好的疗效,可使临床疗效进一步提高[4]。本研究深入探讨了TP(紫杉醇和顺铂联合化疗)方案联合同步放疗治疗宫颈癌的临床价值,以期为宫颈癌的治疗提供更多有效途径。
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由表1可知,2组患者年龄、卡氏评分、组织病理学类型、国际妇产科联盟子宫颈癌分期的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。
组别 年龄(岁) 卡氏评分(分) 组织病理学类型 国际妇产科联盟子宫颈癌分期 宫颈腺癌 宫颈鳞癌 Ⅱ期 Ⅲ期 Ⅳ期 观察组(n=30) 52.2±3.1 64.76±1.09 6(20.00) 24(80.00) 11(36.67) 13(43.33) 6(20.00) 对照组(n=30) 52.2±3.2 64.84±1.14 5(16.67) 25(83.33) 10(33.33) 15(50.00) 5(16.67) 检验值 t=0.000 t=0.277 χ2=0.111 χ2=0.281 P值 1.000 0.782 0.738 0.868 表 1 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后临床资料的比较
Table 1. Comparison of clinical data in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy
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由表2可知,观察组患者的客观缓解率高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组完全缓解、部分缓解、疾病稳定、疾病进展患者占比的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。
组别 完全缓解 部分缓解 疾病稳定 疾病进展 客观缓解率 观察组(n=30) 7(23.33) 19(63.33) 3(10.00) 1(3.33) 26(86.67) 对照组(n=30) 5(16.67) 14(46.67) 9(30.00) 2(6.67) 19(63.33) χ2值 0.416 1.683 3.750 0.350 4.355 P值 0.518 0.194 0.052 0.553 0.037 表 2 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后临床疗效的比较[例(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of clinical efficacy in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy [case (%)]
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2组患者治疗前鳞状细胞癌抗原和CA125水平的差异均无统计学意义(t=0.094、0.382,均P>0.05)。2组患者治疗后鳞状细胞癌抗原和CA125水平均比治疗前降低,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗后鳞状细胞癌抗原和CA125水平低于对照组,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)(表3)。
组别 鳞状细胞癌抗原(μg/L) 糖类抗原125(U/ml) 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 观察组(n=30) 9.17±2.08 2.18±0.68a 50.06±7.96 22.24±5.93a 对照组(n=30) 9.22±2.01 4.06±1.12a,b 49.25±8.44 26.28±6.71a,b 注:a表示与治疗前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=11.668~17.495,均P<0.05)。b表示与观察组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=7.858、2.471,均P<0.05) 表 3 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗前后血清肿瘤标志物水平的比较(
)$\bar x\pm s $ Table 3. Comparison of serum tumor markers levels in two groups of patients with cervical cancer before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (
)$\bar x\pm s $ -
由表4可知,对照组和观察组患者乏力、骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、放射性肠炎、泌尿系统反应、肝肾功能损伤发生率的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。
组别 乏力 骨髓
抑制胃肠道
反应放射性
肠炎泌尿系
统反应肝肾功
能损伤观察组(n=30) 1(3.33) 2(6.67) 2(6.67) 2(6.67) 1(3.33) 1(3.33) 对照组(n=30) 2(6.67) 1(3.33) 3(10.00) 1(3.33) 2(6.67) 3(10.00) χ2值 0.350 0.350 0.218 0.350 0.350 1.071 P值 0.553 0.553 0.640 0.553 0.553 0.300 表 4 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后不良反应发生率的比较[例(%)]
Table 4. Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy [case (%)]
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2组患者治疗前MMP-2、MMP-9、Caspase-8水平的差异均无统计学意义(t=0.016、0.052、0.047,均P>0.05)。2组患者治疗后MMP-2、MMP-9水平均较治疗前降低,治疗后Caspase -8水平均较治疗前升高,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗后MMP-2、MMP-9水平低于对照组,Caspase-8水平高于对照组,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)(表5)。
组别 基质金属蛋白酶-2 基质金属蛋白酶-9 半胱氨酸蛋白酶-8 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 观察组(n=30) 640.58±73.07 325.41±32.54a 634.82±75.41 378.18±33.59a 56.25±6.71 219.49±33.88a 对照组(n=30) 640.28±70.49 522.47±45.93a,b 635.82±71.09 516.28±45.84a,b 56.33±6.28 96.48±9.33a,b 注:a表示与治疗前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=7.669~28.887,均P<0.05);b表示与观察组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=19.175、13.310、19.172,均P<0.001) 表 5 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗前后细胞凋亡和细胞外基质降解相关指标的比较(ng/L,
)$\bar x\pm s $ Table 5. Comparison of related indexes of apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in two groups of patients with cervical cancer before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (ng/L,
)$\bar x\pm s $
TP方案联合同步放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌疗效及安全性的研究
Study on the efficacy and safety of TP regimen combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer
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摘要:
目的 评估TP方案(紫杉醇+顺铂联合化疗)联合同步放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的疗效和安全性。 方法 选取2020年8月至2021年8月于长治医学院附属和平医院接受治疗的60例女性中晚期宫颈癌患者进行前瞻性研究,年龄42~69(52.2±3.2)岁。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组30例(顺铂化疗同步放疗)和观察组30例(紫杉醇+顺铂化疗同步放疗),比较2组患者的临床疗效、血清肿瘤标志物水平、不良反应发生率、细胞凋亡和细胞外基质降解相关指标水平。符合正态分布的计量资料的组间比较采用t检验(方差齐),计数资料的组间比较采用χ2检验。 结果 观察组患者的客观缓解率高于对照组[86.67%(26/30)对 63.33%(19/30)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.355,P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗后的鳞状细胞癌抗原[(2.18±0.68) μg/L对(4.06±1.12) μg/L]和糖类抗原(CA)125[(22.24±5.93)U/ml对 (26.28±6.71)U/ml]水平均低于对照组患者治疗后,且差异均有统计学意义(t=7.858、2.471,均P<0.05)。观察组与对照组患者乏力[3.33%(1/30)对6.67%(2/30)]、骨髓抑制[6.67%(2/30) 对 3.33%(1/30)]、胃肠道反应[6.67%(2/30) 对10.00%(3/30)]、放射性肠炎[6.67%(2/30) 对3.33%(1/30)]、泌尿系统反应[3.33%(1/30) 对 6.67%(2/30)]、肝肾功能损伤发生率[3.33%(1/30)对10.00%(3/30)]的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.218~1.071,均P>0.05)。与对照组患者治疗后比较,观察组患者治疗后基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9水平均降低[(522.47±45.93) ng/L对(325.41±32.54) ng/L,(516.28±45.84) ng/L对(378.18±33.59) ng/L],半胱氨酸蛋白酶-8(Caspase-8)水平升高[ (96.48±9.33) ng/L对(219.49±33.88) ng/L],且差异均有统计学意义(t=19.175、13.310、19.172,均P<0.001)。 结论 TP方案联合同步放疗可提高中晚期宫颈癌患者的客观缓解率,治疗后鳞状细胞癌抗原和CA 125水平降低,MMP-2、MMP-9水平降低,Caspase-8水平升高。TP方案联合同步放疗具有良好的安全性。 Abstract:Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TP regimen (paclitaxel and cisplatin combined chemotherapy) combined with concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer. Methods A prospective study was conducted on 60 female patients with advanced cervical cancer, aged (52.2±3.2) years, who were treated in Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College from August 2020 to August 2021. Patients were divided into control group 30 cases (cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy) and observation group 30 cases (paclitaxel+cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy) by random number table method. The clinical efficacy, serum tumor marker levels, incidence of adverse reactions, apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation of patients in the two groups were compared. The t test (homogeneity of variance) was used to compare the measurement data conforming to the normal distribution, and the χ2 test was used to compare the counting data. Results The objective remission rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (86.67% (26/30) vs. 63.33% (19/30)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.355, P<0.05). The levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment [(2.18±0.68) μg/L versus (4.06±1.12) μg/L, (22.24±5.93) U/ml versus (26.28±6.71) U/ml]. Fatigue (3.33%(1/30) vs. 6.67%(2/30)), myelosuppression (6.67%(2/30) vs. 3.33%(1/30)), gastrointestinal reaction (6.67% (2/30) vs. 10.00%(3/30)), radiation enteritis (6.67%(2/30) vs. 3.33%(1/30)) and urinary reaction (3.33% (1/30) vs. 6.67%(2/30)) and the incidence of liver and kidney function injury (3.33%(1/30) vs. 10.00%(3/30)) were not statistically significant (χ2=0.218-1.071, all P>0.05). Compared with the control group after treatment, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 ((522.47±45.93) ng/L vs. (325.41±32.54) ng/L) and MMP-9 ((378.18±33.59) ng/L vs. (516.28±45.84) ng/L) in the observation group were decreased. The level of cysteine proteinase-8 (Caspase-8) ((219.49±33.88) ng/L vs. (96.48±9.33) ng/L) was increased, and the differences were statistically significant (t=19.175, 13.310, 19.172; all P<0.05). Conclusions TP regimen combined with synchronous radiotherapy can improve the objective remission rate of patients with advanced cervical cancer. After treatment, the levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen and CA125, MMP-2, MMP-9 and Caspase-8 were decreased. TP regimen combined with synchronous radiotherapy has good safety. -
Key words:
- Uterine cervical neoplasms /
- Radiotherapy /
- Treatment outcome /
- TP scheme /
- Security
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表 1 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后临床资料的比较
Table 1. Comparison of clinical data in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy
组别 年龄(岁) 卡氏评分(分) 组织病理学类型 国际妇产科联盟子宫颈癌分期 宫颈腺癌 宫颈鳞癌 Ⅱ期 Ⅲ期 Ⅳ期 观察组(n=30) 52.2±3.1 64.76±1.09 6(20.00) 24(80.00) 11(36.67) 13(43.33) 6(20.00) 对照组(n=30) 52.2±3.2 64.84±1.14 5(16.67) 25(83.33) 10(33.33) 15(50.00) 5(16.67) 检验值 t=0.000 t=0.277 χ2=0.111 χ2=0.281 P值 1.000 0.782 0.738 0.868 表 2 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后临床疗效的比较[例(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of clinical efficacy in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy [case (%)]
组别 完全缓解 部分缓解 疾病稳定 疾病进展 客观缓解率 观察组(n=30) 7(23.33) 19(63.33) 3(10.00) 1(3.33) 26(86.67) 对照组(n=30) 5(16.67) 14(46.67) 9(30.00) 2(6.67) 19(63.33) χ2值 0.416 1.683 3.750 0.350 4.355 P值 0.518 0.194 0.052 0.553 0.037 表 3 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗前后血清肿瘤标志物水平的比较(
)$\bar x\pm s $ Table 3. Comparison of serum tumor markers levels in two groups of patients with cervical cancer before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (
)$\bar x\pm s $ 组别 鳞状细胞癌抗原(μg/L) 糖类抗原125(U/ml) 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 观察组(n=30) 9.17±2.08 2.18±0.68a 50.06±7.96 22.24±5.93a 对照组(n=30) 9.22±2.01 4.06±1.12a,b 49.25±8.44 26.28±6.71a,b 注:a表示与治疗前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=11.668~17.495,均P<0.05)。b表示与观察组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=7.858、2.471,均P<0.05) 表 4 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗后不良反应发生率的比较[例(%)]
Table 4. Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in two groups of patients with cervical cancer after concurrent chemoradiotherapy [case (%)]
组别 乏力 骨髓
抑制胃肠道
反应放射性
肠炎泌尿系
统反应肝肾功
能损伤观察组(n=30) 1(3.33) 2(6.67) 2(6.67) 2(6.67) 1(3.33) 1(3.33) 对照组(n=30) 2(6.67) 1(3.33) 3(10.00) 1(3.33) 2(6.67) 3(10.00) χ2值 0.350 0.350 0.218 0.350 0.350 1.071 P值 0.553 0.553 0.640 0.553 0.553 0.300 表 5 2组宫颈癌患者行同步放化疗前后细胞凋亡和细胞外基质降解相关指标的比较(ng/L,
)$\bar x\pm s $ Table 5. Comparison of related indexes of apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in two groups of patients with cervical cancer before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (ng/L,
)$\bar x\pm s $ 组别 基质金属蛋白酶-2 基质金属蛋白酶-9 半胱氨酸蛋白酶-8 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 治疗前 治疗后 观察组(n=30) 640.58±73.07 325.41±32.54a 634.82±75.41 378.18±33.59a 56.25±6.71 219.49±33.88a 对照组(n=30) 640.28±70.49 522.47±45.93a,b 635.82±71.09 516.28±45.84a,b 56.33±6.28 96.48±9.33a,b 注:a表示与治疗前相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=7.669~28.887,均P<0.05);b表示与观察组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义(t=19.175、13.310、19.172,均P<0.001) -
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