Abstract: Emphysema is one of the frequent co-morbidities in many lung diseases, and the occurrence, progression, prognosis, and individual therapy of pulmonary diseases all greatly depend on the objective quantitative evaluation of its distribution type and severity by imaging examination. The authors review the existing imaging evaluation methods, the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence, low-dose CT evaluation, and the application progress of new technologies in order to provide a basis for the quantitative evaluation of emphysema.