吞咽功能训练在头颈部肿瘤放疗患者吞咽障碍中的应用进展

Application progress of swallowing function training in dysphagia of patients with head and neck cancers undergoing radiotherapy

摘要: 吞咽障碍是头颈部肿瘤（HNC）放疗后常见的不良反应之一，随着时间的延长病情加重，会导致患者营养不良、发生误吸性肺炎甚至死亡。虽然吞咽功能训练对HNC患者有一定的疗效，但训练方法尚未统一。笔者对HNC患者放疗后吞咽障碍的发生机制、影响因素、评估方法等进行综述，以期为HNC患者放疗后吞咽障碍的防治提供思路。

Abstract: Dysphagia is one of the common adverse reactions after radiotherapy for head and neck cancers (HNC). As time goes on, the disease will worsen, leading to malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia and even death. Although swallowing function training has certain therapeutic effects on HNC patients, the training methods have not yet been unified. The author reviews the mechanism, influencing factors and evaluation methods of dysphagia in HNC patients after radiotherapy, in order to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of dysphagia in HNC patients after radiotherapy.