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Hippo信号通路是在不同生物体内均进化保守的信号通路,在调控器官大小和维持组织稳态上起着至关重要的作用。Hippo最初是在“大头”表型果蝇基因筛选中发现的突变体,因令人联想到“河马”,所以命名为Hippo,并因作为关键分子,故将其所在的信号通路命名为Hippo信号通路[1]。Hippo信号通路参与多种生物学和病理学过程,包括细胞增殖、干细胞自我更新、组织再生等,其是由多种上游分子刺激哺乳动物不育系20 样激酶(mammalian sterile 20-like kinase,MST)和大抑癌丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(large tumor suppressor serine/threonine protein kinases,LATS)的激酶级联反应的发生,进而调控2个转录共激活因子Yes相关蛋白(Yes-associated protein,YAP) 和转录共激活因子PDZ结合基序(transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif,TAZ)的入核状态,最终影响基因转录的过程。
Hippo信号通路的调控机制及其在肿瘤细胞辐射效应中作用的研究进展
Research progress of regulatory mechanism of Hippo signaling pathway and its role in radiation effect of tumor cells
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摘要: Hippo信号通路是以激酶级联反应为核心的进化保守的信号通路,在调控哺乳动物的器官大小、组织稳态、组织再生、伤口愈合和肿瘤发生中起着关键作用。Hippo信号通路受到细胞密度变化、外部机械压力和(或)其他内在和外在信号的刺激,使核心复合物控制转录共激活因子Yes相关蛋白(YAP)和转录共激活因子 PDZ 结合基序蛋白移位到细胞核内,从而调控各种生物学效应。另外,YAP作为Hippo信号通路的主要效应分子,在许多肿瘤中异常表达,与肿瘤的发生和发展密切相关,包括肿瘤细胞增殖及凋亡、肿瘤转移和耐药等。Hippo信号通路对肿瘤细胞辐射效应的影响主要体现在YAP对肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性和辐射抗性的影响上。笔者就调控Hippo信号通路的分子类型、Hippo信号通路对肿瘤的调控作用及其对肿瘤细胞辐射效应的影响进行了综述,旨在为肿瘤治疗及放射增敏剂的研发提供新的思路。Abstract: The Hippo signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway centered on the kinase cascade reaction that plays a key role in regulating organ size, tissue homeostasis, tissue regeneration, wound healing and tumorigenesis in mammals. The Hippo signaling pathway is stimulated by changes in cell density, external mechanical stress and/or other intrinsic and extrinsic signals that cause the core complex controlling the transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif protein to translocate into the nucleus, thereby regulating various biological effects. In addition, YAP, as a major effector molecule of Hippo signaling pathway, is aberrantly expressed in many tumors and is closely related to tumorigenesis and development, including tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, tumor metastasis and drug resistance, etc. The effect of Hippo signaling pathway on tumor cell radiation effect is mainly reflected in the effect of YAP on tumor cell radiosensitivity and radiation resistance. The author reviews the molecular types regulating Hippo signaling pathway, the regulatory role of Hippo signaling pathuay on tumor and its effect on radiation effect, aiming to provide new ideas for tumor therapy and the development of radiosensitizing agents.
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Key words:
- Neoplasms /
- Radiation effects /
- Hippo signaling pathway /
- Yes-associated protein
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