Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a proliferous plasma cell malignancy. Abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells could not only involve skeletal system but also invade extramedullary and cause tissues or organs damage. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has become one of the most primary imaging methods for condition evaluation of MM by monitoring systemic glucose metabolism. The authors review the clinical application of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis, staging, efficacy evaluation and prognosis prediction of MM, analyze its limitations, also introduce and prospect the application of new molecular probes in MM, in order to improve the clinicians' understanding of the clinical value of PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of MM, and further play the essential role of PET/CT in the clinical decision-making of MM.