Abstract: As for whether ionizing radiation can induce non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the current study results have not yet reached a consensus conclusion. The authors reported a case of NHL, who was diagnosed with moderate bone marrow form of acute radiation sickness in Henan "4.26" ⁶⁰Co source radiation accident and suffered from NHL 13 years after exposure. And analyzed from two aspects of epidemiological data and influence factors in combined with the patient's exposure history, characteristics of medical history, diagnosis and many international large-scale studies to provide radiation epidemiology for NHL caused by ionizing radiation.