Abstract: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the world, among which non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant type. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an important role in the development of NSCLC and has become an important target in the treatment of NSCLC. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been widely used in the targeted therapy of NSCLC and have been shown to effectively prolong the survival of patients with EGFR mutations, and their efficacy and prognosis are closely related to those of EGFR gene mutations. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT can non-invasively evaluate NSCLC and is of great significance in predicting EGFR gene mutation status in NSCLC. The authors review the recent advances in ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and radiomics related to EGFR gene mutation status.