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混合性生殖细胞瘤(mixed germ cell tumor,MGCT)是指由2种或2种以上的生殖细胞肿瘤成分构成的肿瘤[1],其恶性程度较高,临床表现无特异性,影像学表现亦不典型,可表现为病灶区较大的软组织肿块,密度往往不均匀,其内可见低密度坏死及高密度钙化灶。近年来,有关MGCT的报道较少,我们回顾性分析了经组织病理学检查结果证实的1例MGCT患者的临床资料及影像学特征,以加强临床医师对纵隔MGCT的认识。
左侧胸腔巨大混合性生殖细胞瘤一例
A case of giant mixed germ cell tumor of the left thoracic cavity
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摘要: 混合性生殖细胞瘤(MGCT)是一种较为罕见的恶性肿瘤,可发生于身体的多个部位,其恶性程度较高,但无特异性临床表现和典型影像学特征。目前国内外均未见文献报道原发于胸腔的MGCT病例。笔者报道了1例纵隔旁左侧胸腔巨大MGCT病例,其病理成分为卵黄囊瘤和畸胎瘤,并分别从影像学特征、临床表现和病理特征等方面以及结合相关文献报道分析了MGCT的特点,旨在提高其诊疗能力。Abstract: Mixed germ cell tumor (MGCT) is a rare type of malignancy that occurs in many parts of the body with a high degree of malignancy but no specific clinical manifestations and typical imaging features. At present, no cases of MGCT originating in the thoracic cavity have been reported in the literature at home and abroad. The authors reported a case of giant MGCT of the left thoracic beside the mediastinum, whose pathologial components were yolk sac tumor and teratoma. This paper analyzed the characteristics of MGCT from imaging features, clinical manifestations and pathological features, combined with relevant literature reports to improve the abilities of MGCT diagnosis and treatment.
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图 1 混合性生殖细胞瘤患者(男性,12岁)的影像学检查图 A为胸部CT纵隔窗,显示左侧胸腔巨大软组织密度肿块影,边界欠清,其内见多发结节状低密度区(白箭头)及斑点状高密度钙化灶(红箭头);B为胸部增强CT图,显示病灶呈轻度不均匀强化,局部见结节状无强化坏死区(白箭头);C为胸部18F-FDG PET/CT融合图,显示左侧胸腔巨大肿块,放射性摄取不均匀,SUVmax为2.4~3.5,局部见稀疏减低区(白箭头);D为冠状面胸部CT图,显示左侧胸腔内巨大软组织肿块,其内见多发结节状低密度影;E为冠状面胸部18F-FDG PET/CT融合图,显示左侧胸腔内多发结节,放射性摄取不均,局部见稀疏减低区;F为最大密度投影图,显示左侧肺野区见多发斑点状高代谢区(白箭头),身体其余部位未见明显异常放射性摄取。CT为计算机体层摄影术;FDG为氟脱氧葡萄糖;PET为正电子发射断层显像术;SUVmax为最大标准化摄取值
Figure 1. Imaging examination images of a patient with mixed germ cell tumor (male, 12 years old)
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