Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease of clonal plasma cell hyperplasia, which occurs mostly in the elderly. The incidence of MM ranks second in hematological malignancies and is currently on the rise in China year by year. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging can provide information on the proliferation and metabolism of malignant tumors at the molecular level. Existing studies have proved that ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is of great significance in the diagnosis, staging, monitoring of efficacy and prognostic evaluation of MM. This paper reviews the research progress of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of MM.