2020 Vol. 44, No. 3
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2020, 44(3): 1-4.
Abstract:
2020, 44(3): 164-173.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201912006-00005
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of curcumin on the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 and H460 cells and determine the underlying mechanism as mediated by long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) homeotic complex gene anti-sense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR). Methods NSCLC were divided into different groups according to the experimental scheme. (1) A549 and H460 cells were divided into six groups each treated by 0, 15, 30, 60, and 240 μmol/L curcumin. Cell-counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to measure the cell viability after each treatment. (2) A549 and H460 cells were divided into eight groups of 0, 2, 4, and 6 Gy γ-irradiation treatment groups and their corresponding combinations with 30 μmol/L curcumin. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were conducted to determine the cell proliferative abilities of each group. (3) A549 cells were divided into four groups: control, 30 μmol/L curcumin treatment, 4 Gy γ-irradiation treatment, and combinational treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin and 4 Gy γ-irradiation groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to monitor the expression levels of five oncogenic lncRNAs and five tumor-suppressive lncRNAs in A549 cells from each group. (4) A549 cells were divided into six groups: control, 30 μmol/L curcumin treatment, 30 μmol/L curcumin+overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR, 4 Gy γ-irradiation treatment, combinational treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin and 4 Gy γ-irradiation, and combinational treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin and 4 Gy γ-irradiation+overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR groups. The cell proliferative capacities after each treatment were detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Statistical significance was determined by SPSS statistical software and analyzed by Student t-test. Results (1) CCK-8 assay results showed that curcumin treatment decreased the cell viability of A549 and H460 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the difference between each treatment group and the control group was statistically significant (t=3.884 –5.731, P=0.000–0.043). (2) CCK-8 and colony formation assay revealed that the combinational treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin and different γ-irradiation doses significantly promoted the further reduction of cell proliferation and colony formation abilities compared with γ-irradiation alone (t=2.503–12.418, P=0.000–0.044). (3) qRT-PCR detection revealed that the expression level of lncRNA HOTAIR elevated after γ-irradiation treatment (t=3.317, P =0.040), but the sole treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin and the combinational treatment of 30 μmol/L curcumin with γ-irradiation could down-regulate the expression of tumor-promoting lncRNA HOTAIR in A549 cells compared with the control group (t=3.205, 5.916, P=0.038, 0.000). (4) HOTAIR overexpression could reverse the inhibitory effects of curcumin on the cell proliferation capacity and radiation resistance of A549 cells (t＝3.584–5.802, P=0.000–0.004). Conclusion Curcumin can suppress the cell proliferation capacity and enhance the radiation sensitivity of NSCLC by down-regulating lncRNA HOTAIR.
2020, 44(3): 137-142.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201812024-00001
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the value of radionuclide myocardial perfusion/metabolic imaging in the assessment of left ventricular systolic function after percutaneous coronary intervention and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods The present study was a retrospective analysis of 36 patients (male/female, 27/9; age, 57.9±12.3 years) with AMI who were treated with PTCA in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from June 2015 to December 2017. All patients received PTCA treatment within 1 week of onset of AMI. SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging and PET/CT myocardial metabolic imaging were performed 3 days before and 6–8 months after treatment. Patients were then divided into two groups, namely, group A (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) change value (ΔLVEF), ΔLVEF≥5%) and group B (ΔLVEF<5%). The t- and χ2 tests were used to compare differences between the two groups in terms of clinical data (LVEF, peak ejection rate (PER), ratio of surviving myocardium/necrotic myocardium (S/N) and cardiac troponini (cTnI) Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting left ventricular systolic function. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the S/N ratio cutoff for improved LVEF values (ΔLVEF≥5%). Results No statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and angina were found between the two groups (all P>0.05). Before PTCA treatment, differences in LVEF, PER, and troponin cTnI between groups A and B were not statistically significant but differences in S/N ratio (group A: 1.24±1.06, group B: 0.58±0.37) were statistically significant (t=0.824, P=0.042). After PTCA treatment, differences in LVEF (group A: 47±12, group B: 38±10), PER (group A: 2.11±0.48, group B: 1.71±0.50), and S/N ratio (group A: 0.73±0.47, group B: 0.62±0.39) between the two groups were statistically significant (t=−2.528, −2.366, −2.514; P=0.016, 0.024, 0.017) but the difference in cTnI was not statistically significant. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the S/N ratio is an independent influencing factor of ΔLVEF (OR=2.164, P=0.018). ROC curve results showed that the S/N ratio could be used to predict the cut-off value (0.62) of ΔLVEF≥5% after PTCA treatment in AMI patients. The area under the curve was 0.823 (95%CI: 0.661–0.985), the specificity was 85.71%, and the sensitivity was 91.54%. Conclusion Radionuclide myocardial perfusion/metabolic imaging has important clinical value in evaluating left ventricular systolic function after PTCA treatment in AMI patients.
2020, 44(3): 143-150.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201811039-00002
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between bone marrow suppression and the dose volume of iliac irradiation in postoperative cervical cancer patients that received intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Methods A total of 109 postoperative cervical cancer patients that received IMRT were enrolled in this study from January 2013 to January 2016. The patients were divided into bone marrow sparing–intensity-modulated radiotherapy (BMS-IMRT)[56 cases (including 31 patients who received radiotherapy alone and 25 patients who received concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy), aged (43.03 ± 4.49) years] and IMRT (53 cases (including 21 patients who received radiotherapy alone and 32 patients who received concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy), aged (42.72±5.23) years) groups. The bone marrows from the patients in both groups were delineated on the planning system, including bone marrows from the lumbosacral vertebra, iliac bone, ischium, pubic bone, and proximal femur. The dose of bone marrow was limited in the BMS-IMRT group only. The relationship of dose distribution in the target area of the treatment plan, irradiation volume and dose of bone marrow, the irradiation volume of bone marrow and the bone marrow suppression during radiotherapy between two groups were observed. Measurement data, such as planned target volume dosimetry and the dose-volume parameters of organ at risk, were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. All data conformed to a normal distribution. The comparison between the groups was performed using t-test. Chi-square test was applied to the comparison of the groups in terms of counting data, such as the comparison of bone marrow suppression, leukocyte and neutrophil reduction, and other adverse reactions. Results The degree of bone marrow suppression was significantly related to irradiation volume and dose. No significant difference in PTV dosimetry was found between the BMS-IMRT and IMRT groups (t=−4.220−2.923, all P >0.05). Significant differences in the V20 (the volume percentage of the total volume≥20 Gy) and V40 (the volume percentage of the total volume≥40 Gy) of bone marrow, V45 (the volume percentage of the total volume≥45 Gy) and D2% (approximate maximum dose) of the rectum, and D2% of the small intestine were found between the groups (t=−12.696−2.917, all P<0.05). Significant differences of hemamebas and neutrophils reduced between two groups (χ2=6.728, 6.813, P=0.035, 0.033). No significant differences in red blood cell and hemoglobin levels were found between the groups (χ2=0.385, 0.006, 1.419, P=0.825, 0.938, 0.492). In patients that underwent radiotherapy alone, difference in the degree of reduction in leukocyte level between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=9.709, P=0.008). By contrast, no significant difference was found in patients that underwent concurrent radiochemotherapy (χ2=0.073, P=0.786), and the degree of neutrophil decrease was not statistically significant between the two groups (χ2=4.171, 1.523, P=0.093, 0.217). Moreover, differences in other adverse reactions between the two groups were nonsignificant (χ2=0.369, 1.845, 1.158, 0.610, P=0.544, 0.398, 0.560, 0.558). Conclusions Reduction in leukocyte and neutrophil levels during pelvic IMRT after radical operation for cervical cancer is positively correlated with bone marrow irradiation dose and volume. Bone marrows within the irradiation range should be outlined, including those in the lumbosacral vertebrae, iliac bones, ischium, pubic bone, and proximal femur, and should be protected by limiting irradiation dose.
2020, 44(3): 151-155.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201901008-00003
Abstract:
Objectve To explore the synthesis method of 18F-flurpiridaz and evaluate its ability for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) through PET/CT and bio-distribution in normal miniature pigs. Methods 18F-Flurpiridaz was prepared through the substitution of the toluene sulfonate leaving group of tert-butyl-4-chloro-5(4-(2-methyl(sulfonyl-ethoxymethyl)phenyl)methyl)pyridazin-3-one followed by radiolabeling with 18F. The product was isolated and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) non-gradient elution. PET/CT MPI was performed 10 min after intravenous injection of 37 MBq 18F-flurpiridaz in five normal miniature pigs, and PET/CT whole-body scans were performed 30 and 60 min after injection to observe the bio-distribution. Results The total synthesis time (including HPLC separation) of 18F-flurpiridaz was approximately 50 min. The radiochemical yield was 40% (decay uncorrected), and the radiochemical purity was >97% (after HPLC purification). MPI results demonstrated that the radioactive uptake primarily accumulated in heart muscles, whereas little radioactivity was distributed throughout the liver and lungs. Moreover, the image quality was good. The whole-body PET/CT data showed high uptake in heart muscles and kidneys, whereas the skeleton muscle only had little radioactive uptake. No evident accumulations of activity in other organs were observed. 18F-Flurpiridaz had higher retention in the myocardium 60 min after injection. Conclusion The automatic synthesis of 18F-flurpiridaz is realized and optimized, which lays a foundation for its clinical application.
2020, 44(3): 156-163.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201912007-00004
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Objective To explore the in vivo effects of Huoxiang Zhengqi mixture on radiation injury induced by 5 Gy γ irradiation in mice. Methods Male 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice at specific pathogen-free level were randomly categorized into the three following groups according to body mass: normal control (NC, n=10), ionizing radiation (IR, n=15), and IR+Huoxiang Zhengqi mixture groups (I+H, n =15). Except for the NC group, the two other groups were treated with single total body 5 Gy γ irradiation. All three groups receive gavage administration of 200 μL of either Huoxiang Zhengqi mixture (I+H group) or drinking water (NC and IR groups) within 1 h after irradiation.The administration was performed once a day for 10 days. Body weight was also measured. After the treatment period, blood was extracted from the eyeball and collected into heparin-treated tubes to examine routine blood indices before the mice were sacrificed from the neck. Major organ weights were measured, and organ coefficients were analyzed. Independent sample t test was used for the intergroup comparison. Results The body weights of the IR and I+H groups were lower than those in the NC group, and yet on the fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth days after irradiation, the body weights of the I+H group were higher than those in the IR group (t=2.138–2.529, P=0.027–0.045). The organ coefficients of heart, liver, thymus, and spleen in the I+H group were higher than those in the IR group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=1.768, 1.894, 2.085, 1.992; P=0.022,0.023,0.038,0.044). The differences in the spleen and thymus weights between the IR and I+H groups were significant (t=2.517, 2.158; P=0.025, 0.029). Multiple blood indices such as hemoglobin, white blood cell count, and blood platelet between each group were significantly different (t=2.262–3.916, P=0.000–0.005). Conclusions Huoxiang Zhengqi mixture can alleviate the weight loss and hematopoietic system damage of mice induced by γ-ray irradiation (5 Gy), and exert certain radiation protection function.
2020, 44(3): 174-181.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201812057-00006
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Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is an important factor that leads to cancer recurrence and metastasis. ATP-binding cassette transporters are widely present in humans, and their overexpression mainly induces MDR in tumor cells. Molecular imaging for the early monitoring of MDR tumors is helpful for clinicians to formulate effective treatment plans and improve tumor prognosis to a certain extent. This study briefly reviews the research progress on molecular imaging for MDR monitoring.
Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is an important factor that leads to cancer recurrence and metastasis. ATP-binding cassette transporters are widely present in humans, and their overexpression mainly induces MDR in tumor cells. Molecular imaging for the early monitoring of MDR tumors is helpful for clinicians to formulate effective treatment plans and improve tumor prognosis to a certain extent. This study briefly reviews the research progress on molecular imaging for MDR monitoring.
2020, 44(3): 182-188.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201902039-00007
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Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common types of progressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by strong heterogeneity. Its prognosis is influenced by many factors; hence, diagnosis for patients with high risk is important. This review discusses the prognostic factors affecting DLBCL patients on the basis of clinical factors, molecular biology characteristics, and PET/CT imaging according to domestic and global research progress.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common types of progressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by strong heterogeneity. Its prognosis is influenced by many factors; hence, diagnosis for patients with high risk is important. This review discusses the prognostic factors affecting DLBCL patients on the basis of clinical factors, molecular biology characteristics, and PET/CT imaging according to domestic and global research progress.
2020, 44(3): 189-195.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201901046-00008
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Bone metastasis is a common complication of advanced tumors. Severe pain frequently leads to a decline in quality of life and tendency toward bone-related adverse events, such as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia. To alleviate pain caused by mild to moderate bone metastases, conventional analgesic or external radiation therapy can be used. However, when multiple body metastases and severe pain occur, the two aforementioned methods become ineffective and cause serious side effects. Some radionuclides can be specifically taken up by activated osteoblasts and can be retained in bone tissues for a long time. Therefore, systematic treatment with several new bone-targeting radionuclides, such as 89Sr, 153Sm, and 186Re, has become a new approach for providing additional targets and a safe and effective treatment for bone metastases.
Bone metastasis is a common complication of advanced tumors. Severe pain frequently leads to a decline in quality of life and tendency toward bone-related adverse events, such as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and hypercalcemia. To alleviate pain caused by mild to moderate bone metastases, conventional analgesic or external radiation therapy can be used. However, when multiple body metastases and severe pain occur, the two aforementioned methods become ineffective and cause serious side effects. Some radionuclides can be specifically taken up by activated osteoblasts and can be retained in bone tissues for a long time. Therefore, systematic treatment with several new bone-targeting radionuclides, such as 89Sr, 153Sm, and 186Re, has become a new approach for providing additional targets and a safe and effective treatment for bone metastases.
2020, 44(3): 196-201.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201812053-00009
Abstract:
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the endocrine system, and its incidence is increasing annually. At present, treatment methods for DTC primarily include surgical resection + 131I treatment + thyroid-stimulating hormone inhibition therapy. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg), as a specific tumor marker for DTC, can provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of DTC, the prediction of its metastasis and recurrence, and the evaluation of treatment efficacy. The presence of Tg antibody (TgAb) may affect the determination of Tg. Therefore, this study reviews the role of serum Tg and TgAb in the diagnosis and treatment of DTC.
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the endocrine system, and its incidence is increasing annually. At present, treatment methods for DTC primarily include surgical resection + 131I treatment + thyroid-stimulating hormone inhibition therapy. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg), as a specific tumor marker for DTC, can provide a basis for diagnosis and treatment of DTC, the prediction of its metastasis and recurrence, and the evaluation of treatment efficacy. The presence of Tg antibody (TgAb) may affect the determination of Tg. Therefore, this study reviews the role of serum Tg and TgAb in the diagnosis and treatment of DTC.
2020, 44(3): 202-204.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121381-201910007-00010
Abstract:
The authors report a case of primary osteosarcoma of the breast (POB) on 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone imaging. The characteristics of the disease were analyzed from the clinical symptoms, laboratory examination, ultrasound, CT and the whole body bone imaging. To summarize the imaging features of POB through literature review. POB is rare clinically, 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone imaging can help to find out the metastases, multifocal lesions, differential diagnosis and clinical staging of the disease, it has certain clinical significance.
The authors report a case of primary osteosarcoma of the breast (POB) on 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone imaging. The characteristics of the disease were analyzed from the clinical symptoms, laboratory examination, ultrasound, CT and the whole body bone imaging. To summarize the imaging features of POB through literature review. POB is rare clinically, 99Tcm-MDP whole body bone imaging can help to find out the metastases, multifocal lesions, differential diagnosis and clinical staging of the disease, it has certain clinical significance.
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