2019 Vol. 43, No. 3
Display Method:
2019, 43(3): 197-202.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.001
[PDF 634KB]
Abstract:
Objective To analyze differences in the imaging and biomarkers of patients with Parkinson disease dementia(PDD) and those with dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB) by 11C-pittsburgh compound B(PIB) PET/CT imaging and testing of different proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid. Methods A total of 10 PDD patients(PDD group) including six males and four females, aged 57–79 years(mean, 69.9±6.57 years) and 11 DLB patients(DLB group) including six males and five females, aged 62–80 years(mean, 71.09±5.65 years), clinically diagnosed from June 2011 to February 2018 were recruited to this study. Brain scans were performed using 11C-PIB PET/CT to measure the mean standardized uptake value(SUVmean) ratios of the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe, thalamus, and striatum to cerebellum. The concentrations of tau, amyloid β-protein42(Aβ42), and cluster proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid were determined by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. T test was used to compare the SUVmean ratio of different brain regions to that of the cerebellum, as well as the protein levels of cerebrospinal fluid between the two groups. Results The ratio of 11C-PIB SUVmean in each brain region relative to that in the cerebellum was higher in DLB patients than in PDD patients, and differences between the two groups in the frontal lobe(DLB group: 1.52±0.28, PDD group: 1.21±0.25) and striatum(DLB group: 1.46±0.26, PDD group: 1.20±0.21) were statistically significant(t=–2.596, –2.504, P=0.018, 0.022). Tau levels in the DLB group[(582.7±304.50) ng/L] were higher than those in the PDD group[(344.10±133.37) ng/L]; by contrast, levels of Aβ42 and cluster proteins[(491.73±136.54) ng/L, (5219.45±1999.10) μg/L] in the DLB group were lower than those in the PDD group[(644.70±311.77) ng/L, (8358.30±3014.51) μg/L]. Tau and cluster proteins showed statistically significant differences between the two groups(t=–2.283, 2.838, P=0.034, 0.011). Conclusion PDD and DLB show many obvious differences during 11C-PIB PET/CT brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid testing, and these differences can provide a basis for clinical differential diagnosis.
2019, 43(3): 203-209.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.002
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the prognostic value of the maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume(MTV) and total lesion glycolysis(TLG) calculated from pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT results in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of stage Ⅱ~Ⅲ disease. Methods A total of 85 patients with DLBCL of stageⅡ~Ⅲ disease were enrolled from June 2009 to December 2015, and the clinic data and pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT data were retrospectively analyzed. MTV and TLG of tumor tissue were calculated from PET/CT images with the threshold value of 41% of the SUVmax. The optimal cutoff point of progression-free survival(PFS) of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were investigated by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were respectively used for survival analysis and univariate analysis, and COX proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis. Results The SUVmax, MTV and TLG of 85 patients were 23.9(16.3), 25.1(95.3) cm3, 424.4(1404.6), respectively. ROC curve showed that the area under the curce(AUC) of SUVmax, MTV and TLG were 0.610, 0.729 and 0.726(95% CI: 0.483–0.736, P=0.109; 0.621–-0.838, P=0.001; 0.621–0.831, P=0.001), respectively. The median SUVmax(23.9) was used as the cutoff points due to smaller AUC of SUVmax. The cutoff point of MTV was 39.1 cm3(sensitivity=73.1% and specificity=69.5%), and the cutoff point of TLG was 404.5(sensitivity=80.8% and specificity= 61.0%). Univariate analysis showed that Ann Arbor stage, β-2 MG, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) level, bulky disease, international prognostic index(IPI), SUVmax, MTV and TLG were relative factors affecting PFS(χ2=19.118, P=0.000; χ2=12.310, P=0.000; χ2=4.861, P=0.027; χ2=7.731, P=0.013; χ2=19.693, P=0.000; χ2=6.414, P=0.011; χ2=14.538, P=0.000; χ2=13.089, P=0.000), and Ann Arbor stage, β-2 MG, bulky disease, IPI, MTV and TLG were relative factors affecting overall survival(OS)(χ2=14.550, P=0.000; χ2=5.473, P=0.019; χ2=5.643, P=0.018; χ2=15.943, P=0.000; χ2=13.877, P=0.000; χ2=12.677, P=0.000). As MTV and TLG measures correlated strongly, only TLG measures were used for multivariate analysis. LDH level and TLG were statistically significant predictors of PFS(RR=4.891, 95%CI=1.332–11.955, P=0.017; RR=0.195, 95%CI=0.058–0.660, P=0.009), and IPI and TLG were statistically significant predictors of OS on multivariate analysis(RR=0.508, 95%CI=0.270–0.956, P=0.036; RR=0.433, 95%CI=0.227–0.826, P=0.011). Conclusions TLG in pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT is an independent prognostic factor for predicting progression-free survival and overall survival time in patients with DLBCL of stageⅡ-Ⅲ disease. TLG may be more useful than SUVmax for prognosisand has certainly reference value.
2019, 43(3): 210-216.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.003
Abstract:
Objective To implement physical corrections in semiquantitative Co-SPECT to improve image resolution and contrast, along with the capability for image semiquantitation. And to evaluate the image performance using 18F-FDG PET/CT as the reference standard. Methods Full physical corrections included attenuation correction, scatter correction, and spatially dependent point-spread functions. Point sources in a cross shape and a standard National Electrical Manufacturers Association phantom were utilized to verify image resolution and contrast, as well as the accuracy in measuring 18F activity concentration. In the patient study, 13 males and 2 females with histologically confirmed thoracic carcinomas were included. All patients were subjected to 18F-FDG Co-SPECT/CT scan followed by 18F-FDG PET/CT scan. The functional parameters SUVmax, SUVmean, SULpeak and MTV from semiquantitative Co-SPECT and PET were analyzed. Results In the phantom study, the image resolution of Co-SPECT improved. The mean image resolution improved from (13.1±1.2) mm to (9.5±0.8) mm in the in-plane direction[(7.4±0.4)mm for PET] and from (13.5±1.1) mm to(9.8±0.7) mm in the axial direction[(7.6±0.5) mm for PET], whereas the image contrast improved from 1.79 to 6.32(6.69 for PET). In the patient study, paired t-test showed that the functional parameters of quantitative Co-SPECT(i.e., SUVmax, SUVmean, SULpeak and MTV) significantly differed from those of PET(t=3.16, 3.90, 3.92, 3.98, respectively; all P<0.0025). Conversely, the correlations of SUVmax, SUVmean, SULpeak, and MTV from semiquantitative Co-SPECT were highly correlated overall with those from PET(r=0.8218, 0.8390, 0.8171 and 0.8791, respectively). Measurements remained stable whereas the threshold adjustment of SUVmax and SUV for SUVmean and MTV determination did not further change the correlations with PET(r=0.8103–0.8801). Conclusion Adding physical corrections to Co-SPECT images can significantly improve image resolution and contrast to reveal smaller tumor lesions, as well as the capability to semiquantify functional parameters such as PET/CT.
2019, 43(3): 217-222.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.004
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the prognosis of patients with positive serum thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb) in the papillary thyroid carcinoma(DTC) coexistent with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) after thyroidectomy + 131I ablation and observe the change in TgAb and its association with the prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 141 patients with DTC possessing positive serum TgAb (>115 IU/mL) that were admitted to our hospital from May 2013 to October 2016 after surgical +131I treatment, including 14 males and 127 females aged 15−74(40.86±11.21). Patients were divided into DTC with HT (G1 group, n=49) and DTC without HT groups(G2 group, n=92) according to the presense of concurrent HT or not. The disease duration or recurrence rates between the two groups were compared. The changes in TgAb level and its relationship with prognosis were also analyzed. The median follow-up of patients with DTC was 22 months(12−56 months). Prognostic assessment and TgAb trend analysis between the two groups were performed by χ2 test or Fisher exact probability method. The difference in TgAb levels between different groups was tested by Mann-Whitney U rank sum test. Results The age of the patients in the G1 group was lower than that in the G2 group, and the difference was statistically significant. Other clinical and pathological data were statistically in significant. The disease duration or recurrence rate in patients in the G1 group(3/49, 6.12%) was significantly lower than that in the G2 group(20/92, 21.74%, χ2=5.712, P=0.017). The TgAb proportion showed a declining trend before and after surgery +131I in the G1 group(46/49, 93.88%), which was significantly higher than that in G2 group(60/92, 65.22%, χ2=14.073, P< 0.001). In the G1 group, the disease persistence or recurrence rate of TgAb level decreased (1/46, 2.17%) was lower than that of TgAb sustained or increased(2/3, 66.67%, Fisher's test P=0.008). The disease persistence or recurrence rate of TgAb decreased in the patients in the the G2 group(4/60, 6.67%) and was lower than that of TgAb sustained or increased (16/32, 50.00%, χ2=23.034, P=0.000). The TgAb value level of preoperative, and the changes in values and rates of TgAb before and after thyroidectomy + 131I ablation in the G1 group(558.70 IU/mL, 398.09 IU/mL, and 85.15%) were greater than those in the G2 group(352.35 IU/mL, 124.84 IU/mL, and 41.43%), and the differences were statistically significant(U=1581.00, 1210.00 and 1113.00, all P<0.05). Conclusion Among the patients with DTC having positive serum TgAb after thyroidectomy + 131I ablation, the patients with coexistented HT had improved prognosis, and the change in trend of TgAb can be used as an indicator in monitoring the prognosis of patients with DTC.
2019, 43(3): 223-229.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.005
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects of secondary hypoparathyroidism on bone metabolism and health management in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC). Methods Sixty patients with DTC who underwent total or subtotal thyroidectomy from January 2017 to May 2018 were enrolled. Among them, 30 patients had secondary hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia(hypothyroidism), while the other 30 patients had normal parathyroid function(control group). These two groups of patients were routinely examined for their parathyroid hormone(PTH), vitamin D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), free triiodothyronine(FT3), free thyroxine(FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery and to determine dual-energy X-ray bone mineral density(BMD) and health-management-related indicators. PTH, vitamin D, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and ALP in the parathyroid group were tested by conducting a paired t-test, and the indicators for the parathyroid and control groups(FT3, FT4, TSH, and L2 to L4, neck of femoral, femur trochanter, Ward’s triangle BMD value) were compared by conducting an independent sample t-test. Results 1. A statistically significant difference in PTH, serum calcium, and serum phosphorus was observed among patients with hypothyroidism at 1 and 6 months after surgery, 6 months after surgery, and 12 months after surgery(PTH: t=–2.467, –2.753, P=0.021, 0.033; serum calcium: t=–2.941, –3.652, P=0.007, 0.002; serum phosphorus: t=4.550, 4.167, P=0.000, 0.004), but no significant difference was observed in terms of vitamin D and ALP(vitamin D: t=2.153, 1.965, P=0.062, 0.074; ALP: t=1.970, 1.672, P=0.061, 0.066); 2. At 12 months after surgery, the BMD of the neck of femoral decreased in the parathyroid group, showing a statistically significant difference from the control group(t=1.08, P=0.002). At 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery, the patients with hypothyroidism showed no significant differences from the control group in terms of thyroid function level(FT3, FT4, and TSH), lumbar vertebrae(L2 to L4), Ward’s triangle, and femur trochanter BMD(t=0.606 to 1.82, all P>0.05). 3. After taking calcium and vitamin D, the clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia in patients with hypothyroidism were significantly improved. Twelve months after surgery, hand and foot numbness and muscle spasms accounted for 6.67% of the symptoms, and after taking calcium and vitamin D, the medication compliance of the patients decreased to 80%. Conclusions 1.The BMD of neck of femoral in patients with hypothyroidism decreased at 12 months after surgery, and the BMD of lumbar vertebrae(L2~L4), Ward’s triangle and femur trochanter was not significant; 2.Most patients with parathyroid hypofunction showed clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia after DTC, and their symptoms were significantly relieved after the calcium and active vitamin D treatment. However, the medication compliance of these patients gradually declined. Therefore, health education and management should be further strengthened.
2019, 43(3): 230-234.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.006
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate pulmonary function and tumor volume before and after CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation in inoperable patients with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in early-stage(IA, IB) lung cancer. Methods From October 2013 to June 2018, 58 patients with early non-small cell lung cancer were treated with 125I radioactive seed implantation. Patients were divided according to the results of pre-treatment pulmonary function tests: 16 patients(10 males and 6 females) were included in the COPD groups and 42 patients(28 males and 14 females) were included in the No-COPD group. Changes in pulmonary function forced expiratory volume in one second, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide(DLCO), and forced vital capacity were detected within 2–6 months after operation. Statistical analysis was conducted via t test. Results The D90 was(114.3±10.2) Gy, the V90 was(92.3±7.2)%, and the matched peripheral dose was 112.8 Gy. The pretreatment and post treatment FEV% of the COPD and No-COPD groups were similar at a mean follow-up time of 6 months(t =0.70, 0.20, both P＞0.05). The DLCO of the COPD group did not change after CT-guided radioactive 125I seed implantation treatment(t=1.11, P=0.563); however, DLCO significantly increased in the No-COPD group(t=2.29, P=0.019). There was no significant difference in the tumor volume between the COPD group and the No-COPD group before and after treatment(t=1.82, 1.26, both P＞0.05), but the difference between the COPD group and the tumor volume of the No-COPD group was statistically significant before and after the treatment(t=5.78, 9.96, both P＜0.001). According to postoperative quality validation of MPD and D90, all the patients were divided into > 110 Gy group(34 cases) and ≤110 Gy group(24 cases), differences in the FEV1% and FVC% of the COPD and No-COPD groups after implantation were not statistically significant(t=0.54, 0.37, 0.21, 0.22, all P＞0.05). Conclusion 125I implantation therapy for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer does not seem to affect FEV1% and FVC% but can shrink tumor volume and improve DLCO in patients without COPD
2019, 43(3): 235-241.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.007
Abstract:
Objective To determine the correlation between renal artery stenosis and renal artery trunk morphological features, especially the renal artery variation of curvature. Methods A total of 62 patients[37 men and 25 women, aged 36−78(52.64±16.32) years] with diagnosed unilateral renal artery stenosis were subjected to CT angiography. The data between stenotic renal arteries and nonstenotic renal arteries were measured. These data included the inner diameter of the renal artery trunk, cross-sectional area, length, main CT value, the ratio of CT value of renal artery to abdominal aorta(RA/AA), average enhanced CT value of the renal cortex, maximum curvature, distance from the starting point to the maximum curvature vertex of the renal artery trunk, and the distance from the starting point to the narrow proximal side of the renal artery stenosis. Contrast analysis of the correlation was also performed. T test was used for all comparisons between groups in statistics. Results All data were divided into two groups(62 cases of stenotic renal arteries and 62 cases of nonstenotic renal arteries). The renal maximum curvature of the plaque side(0.15±0.02) was significantly greater than those in the normal side(0.08±0.02), and the differences were significant(t=19.487, P<0.05). The other parameters including the inner diameter of the renal artery trunk, cross-sectional area, length, renal artery CT value, RA/AA, and average enhanced CT value of the renal cortex were(5.39±0.53) mm, (20.52±7.22) mm2, (34.51±13.12) mm, (349.54±51.23) HU, (94.25±3.46)%, (278.41±35.47) HU and(5.27±0.62) mm, (18.97±5.05) mm2, (35.27±14.74) mm,(353.31±54.37) HU, (93.46±3.62)%, (284.21±37.92) HU, respectively. All differences had no statistical significance(t=1.158, 1.385, 0.303, 0.397, 1.242, and 0.879, respectively; all P>0.05). The distance from the starting point to the maximum curvature vertex of the renal artery trunk in the narrow and normal sides were(9.62±1.34) cm and(9.79±1.47) cm, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant(t=0.673, P>0.05). The distance from the starting point to the narrow proximal side of the renal artery stenosis was(9.42±1.61) cm, and no significant difference(t=0.752, P>0.05) was observed between the distance[(19.62±1.34) cm] from the starting point to the maximum curvature vertex and to the narrow proximal side. Conclusion CT angiography can directly show the shape of renal artery trunk, which variation curvature has a certain correlation with the renal artery stenosis.
2019, 43(3): 242-249.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.008
Abstract:
Objective To explore the diagnostic value of CT perfusion imaging combined with markers of blood-brain barrier injury in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Methods A total of 84 patients with sepsis were selected in the intensive medicine department from July 2015 to October 2017 and divided into observation and control groups according to the presence of sepsis-associated encephalopathy, there were 46 males and 38 females, aged 19−76(54.05±13.7). The serum levels of Occludin, nitric oxide synthase(NOS), neuron specific enolase(NSE), central nerve specific protein(S100β), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), and excitatory amino acids(EAA) were measured on the first and third day after admission. Brain CT perfusion imaging was performed to calculate regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), relative cerebral blood volume(rCBV), and regional mean transit time(rMTT) in the region of interest(ROI). Serological and CT perfusion imaging parameters of the two groups were compared. T-test was performed for comparison between groups and within groups. The correlation between sepsis associated encephalopathy(SAE) and each indicator was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to analyze the clinical value of various variables in diagnosis of septic encephalopathy. Results The rCBF of patients in the observation group measured(45.63±16.56) and(34.83±15.64) mL·100 g−1·min−1 on the first and third day, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group at(63.61±16.61) and(56.34±15.74) mL·100 g−1·min−1. Statistically significant difference was observed(t=4.945, 8.003, both P=0.000). The rCBV on the first and third day reached(2.04±0.95) and(1.59±0.86) mL/100 g, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group(2.53±1.04) and (2.06±1.04) mL/100 g, presenting a statistically significant difference(t=2.234, 2.240, both P=0.028). The rMTT on the third day amounted to(3.92±0.93) s, which is higher than the(3.43±1.04) s of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.254, P=0.027) . Three days after admission, the levels of occludin, NOS, NSE, S100β, GFAP, and EAA of the observation group reached (128.37±15.61) ng/L, (56.04±10.54) U/mL, (23.03±4.96) mg/L, (0.29±0.05) µg/L, (125.39±37.83) ng/L, and(5.88±2.63) µmol/L, respectively, which were higher than those of the control group, which yielded values of (115.21±12.56) ng/L, (51.67±11.30) U/mL, (20.43±3.34) mg/L, (0.35±0.06) µg/L, (82.67±16.55) ng/L, and (4.73±1.05) µmol/L. Significant differences were observed between the two groups(t=4.282, 2.379, 2.858, 5.732, 10.351, 2.718, P=0.000, 0.020, 0.005, 0.000, 0.000, 0.008). Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of sepsis-associated encephalopathy was negatively correlated with rCBF(95%CI: 0.629−1.006, r=−0.624, P=0.037) and rCBV(95%CI: 0.010−1.174, r=−0.709, P=0.040) and positively correlated with occludin(95%CI: 1.011−1.553, r=0.722, P=0.039) and GFAP(95%CI: 1.005–1.154, r=0.688, P=0.035) levels on the third day. ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve, with combined detection of rCBF + rCBV + occludin + GFAP, reached 0.939 on the third day. Conclusion The patients with sepsis showed a certain degree of neuronal injury in the early stage, and the combined detection of CT perfusion imaging and markers of blood-brain barrier injury presented a high diagnostic value for sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
2019, 43(3): 250-256.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.009
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of Karl iterative reconstruction on CT image quality enhancement. Methods ① Phantom study: A 120 kVp/140 mAs tube current was set as the standard radiation dose. Low-dose setting is implemented with a 50% current reduction, i.e., 70 mAs, whereas the voltage is set to 120 kVp. Two experimental groups with algorithms of filtered back projection(FBP) and Karl iterative reconstruction(with a noise reduction of 1–9 levels) were compared. The noise power spectrum(NPS) and standard deviation metrics were adopted to assess the noise degree. ② Clinical study: In the phantom study, 120 patients, including 61 males and 59 females with ages ranging from 35 to 75 and a BMI of(23.95±0.27) kg/m2, were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: standard dose and low dose. These groups were scanned via FBP and Karl iterative reconstruction at level 5(Karl 5), respectively. The image qualities of the two groups were assessed with various objective metrics, such as CT dose index of volume(CTDIvol), dose length product(DLP), effective dose(ED), and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), as well as by human subjective evaluation. Student t-test was adopted to assess the significance of difference for the values of objective metrics from the two groups, whereas subjective evaluation was quantified with an χ2 test. Results ① Phantom study: With the standard dose, the average noise degree for Karl iterative reconstruction was lower than that for FBP. With an increased level of Karl iterative reconstruction, the noise degree will be lowered(t=5.14–47.50, all P<0.01). Referring to the NPS curves, the Karl 1−9 algorithm can attain the goal of noise reduction and remain keep the image texture unchanged(t=2.49, P=0.42). With the low dose, i.e., 50% current reduction, the image noise[(6.40±0.16) Hu] of Karl 5 was close to that[(6.30±0.38) Hu] of FBP with insignificant difference(t=28.34, P=0.423), compared with other levels of Karl iterative reconstruction. Meanwhile, the magnitudes of NPS curves for Karl 5 and FBP insignificantly differed. ② Clinical study: The CTDIvol[(5.56±0.01) mGy] and DLP[(170.74±18.40) mGy·cm]value of the low-dose group were significantly lower than those[(11.06±0.01) mGy, (348.93±26.16) mGy·cm] of the standard-dose group(t=4757.7, P=0.003; t=39.23, P=0.005). The ED values[(2.58±0.16) mSv] of the low-dose group were significantly less by 51.5% than those[(5.01±0.17) mSv] of the standard-dose group(t=37.94, P=0.004). The noise degree and SNR values for images from Karl 5 with low dose and FBP with standard dose were insignificantly different(noise degree, t=0.24, P=0.38; t=1.51, P=0.70; SNR, t=0.45, P=0.45; t=0.08, P=0.72). The results of subjective quality assessments for the images from Karl 5 and FBP were insignificantly different in terms of the usage of mediastinum(χ2=2.32, P=0.317; χ2=1.38, P=0.268) and lung(χ2=0.97, P=0.614; χ2=0.59, P=0.760 ) window settings for image reading. Conclusions Karl iterative reconstruction at different levels can effectively reduce noise with different degrees. For the 50% current reduction to 70 mAs, the image quality of Karl 5 is comparable with that of standard-dose FBP.
2019, 43(3): 257-262.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.010
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of different concentrations of vitamin E on the sensitivity of fruit fly larvae after gamma-ray irradiation. Methods Different concentrations(100, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/L) of vitamin E were used to treat W1118 fruit fly larvae, and 137Cs gamma-ray irradiation of 50 Gy was utilized. The pupation and eclosion rates, mortality rate after eclosion for 48 h, catalase activity(CAT), and glutathione(GSH) content of fruit fly larvae were measured, and the antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage status were analyzed. LSD t-test was used to compare groups. Results The pupation rate, emergence rate, climbing ability, CAT activity, and GSH content of fruit fly larvae in the vitamin E(1000 mg/L and 1500 mg/L) group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.864–16.462, all P<0.05). In comparison with the non-irradiated control group, the mortality rate of fruit fly larvae in the vitamin E group with concentrations of 1000 mg/L and 1500 mg/L significantly decreased from(54.0±5.0)% to(36.1±7.6)% and(37.5±5.8)%, respectively, within 48 h of emergence to adult(t=3.386, P=0.028; t=3.718, P=0.021). Conclusion Vitamin E can slow down the oxidative damage of Drosophila melanogaster larvae after irradiation by reducing oxidative stress, as well as improve the radiation resistance of Drosophila melanogaster.
2019, 43(3): 263-267.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.011
Abstract:
Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human health, and its early diagnosis and treatment is the key factor to improve the survival rate of cancer patients. The nanocarrier system of nuclear medicine then comes into being, which meets the needs of medical research and clinical medicine on malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment at the present stage. By labeling nanomaterials with radionuclide 131I, the advantages of nanomaterials, such as small particle size and surface modification, can be fully utilized to realize visualization of key molecules in the process of tumor formation, so as to achieve the goal of early diagnosis. At the same time, the targeted concentration of 131Ican be increased to the greatest extent, and the therapeutic effect of radionuclides themselves can be maximized, thus creating a new model of tumor diagnosis and treatment integration. The application of different nanomaterials labeled with radionuclide 131I in tumor diagnosis and treatment was reviewed.
Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human health, and its early diagnosis and treatment is the key factor to improve the survival rate of cancer patients. The nanocarrier system of nuclear medicine then comes into being, which meets the needs of medical research and clinical medicine on malignant tumor diagnosis and treatment at the present stage. By labeling nanomaterials with radionuclide 131I, the advantages of nanomaterials, such as small particle size and surface modification, can be fully utilized to realize visualization of key molecules in the process of tumor formation, so as to achieve the goal of early diagnosis. At the same time, the targeted concentration of 131Ican be increased to the greatest extent, and the therapeutic effect of radionuclides themselves can be maximized, thus creating a new model of tumor diagnosis and treatment integration. The application of different nanomaterials labeled with radionuclide 131I in tumor diagnosis and treatment was reviewed.
2019, 43(3): 268-273.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.012
Abstract:
Graves' disease is the most common etiology of thyrotoxicosis. 131I therapy is widely used to treat Graves' disease but may fail or course hypothyroidism. Thus, the study of prognostic factors of Graves' disease is of great clinical value. Research suggests that several factors, including the patient’s age, gender, course, serological indices, 131I therapy dose, thyroid volume and weight, effective half-life of 131I, technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake rate, radioactive iodine uptake rate, and thyroidal 131I turnover rate, may have important impacts on the results of 131I therapy; indeed, some of them remain controversial. The aim of this paper is to summarize the prognostic factors of 131I treatment to help clinicians decide on the best treatment route.
Graves' disease is the most common etiology of thyrotoxicosis. 131I therapy is widely used to treat Graves' disease but may fail or course hypothyroidism. Thus, the study of prognostic factors of Graves' disease is of great clinical value. Research suggests that several factors, including the patient’s age, gender, course, serological indices, 131I therapy dose, thyroid volume and weight, effective half-life of 131I, technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake rate, radioactive iodine uptake rate, and thyroidal 131I turnover rate, may have important impacts on the results of 131I therapy; indeed, some of them remain controversial. The aim of this paper is to summarize the prognostic factors of 131I treatment to help clinicians decide on the best treatment route.
2019, 43(3): 274-279.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.013
Abstract:
The identification of benign and malignant lung tumors, the staging of malignant lung tumors, and the assessment of post-treatment efficacy are critical for patient survival and quality of life. Dual-energy CT(DECT) has become a hot topic in the field of lung tumor research with the emergence of DECT technology in recent years. The authors outline DECT technology and its use in identifying benign and malignant nodules in the lungs, staging lung tumors, and evaluating therapeutic response.
The identification of benign and malignant lung tumors, the staging of malignant lung tumors, and the assessment of post-treatment efficacy are critical for patient survival and quality of life. Dual-energy CT(DECT) has become a hot topic in the field of lung tumor research with the emergence of DECT technology in recent years. The authors outline DECT technology and its use in identifying benign and malignant nodules in the lungs, staging lung tumors, and evaluating therapeutic response.
2019, 43(3): 280-284.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.014
Abstract:
There is native uncertainty in method of probability of causation (PC) for judgment of radiogenic neoplasms. This paper summarizes the sources of the uncertainty, main uncertainties and current research of its analysis and assessment. The uncertainty of PC method in Chinese national standard is need to be improved urgently. This paper introduces several methods to decrease uncertainty of PC method in national standards establishment.
There is native uncertainty in method of probability of causation (PC) for judgment of radiogenic neoplasms. This paper summarizes the sources of the uncertainty, main uncertainties and current research of its analysis and assessment. The uncertainty of PC method in Chinese national standard is need to be improved urgently. This paper introduces several methods to decrease uncertainty of PC method in national standards establishment.
2019, 43(3): 285-290.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.015
Abstract:
As the leading institute of the draft group, the Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences drafted "Judgment standard for occupational radiogenic neoplasms" GBZ 97-2017 and developed its software. This paper introduces the calculation logic of the software, as follow: the methodology of probability of causation in GBZ 97-2017, including the theoretical basis of rationality for using causation probability for the judgment of radiogenic neoplasms; Japanese risk model in estimating cancer risks induced by ionizing radiation and risk transfer model from Japanese population to Chinese population; and use of smoking correction factors to eliminate smoking attribution to lung cancer. This paper introduces the general situation of GBZ 97-2017 software development and its deficiencies and suggests the development of an online software.
As the leading institute of the draft group, the Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences drafted "Judgment standard for occupational radiogenic neoplasms" GBZ 97-2017 and developed its software. This paper introduces the calculation logic of the software, as follow: the methodology of probability of causation in GBZ 97-2017, including the theoretical basis of rationality for using causation probability for the judgment of radiogenic neoplasms; Japanese risk model in estimating cancer risks induced by ionizing radiation and risk transfer model from Japanese population to Chinese population; and use of smoking correction factors to eliminate smoking attribution to lung cancer. This paper introduces the general situation of GBZ 97-2017 software development and its deficiencies and suggests the development of an online software.
2019, 43(3): 291-295.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2019.03.016
Abstract:
Tuberculosis can occur in multiple organs throughout the body. It's difficult to identify tuberculosis and other systemic diseases (especially tumor diseases) because of the different imaging features. 18F-FDG PET/CT has certain advantages in the diagnosis of systemic diseases, but it still needs to be analyzed in combination with clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, CT signs of lesions and concentration of 18F-FDG. The author select three cases misdiagnosed in clinical practice, namely intestinal tuberculosis, lung tuberculosis and bone tuberculosis, and analyze the clinical features and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features, and comb the diagnosis ideas in order to help with clinical diagnosis.
Tuberculosis can occur in multiple organs throughout the body. It's difficult to identify tuberculosis and other systemic diseases (especially tumor diseases) because of the different imaging features. 18F-FDG PET/CT has certain advantages in the diagnosis of systemic diseases, but it still needs to be analyzed in combination with clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, CT signs of lesions and concentration of 18F-FDG. The author select three cases misdiagnosed in clinical practice, namely intestinal tuberculosis, lung tuberculosis and bone tuberculosis, and analyze the clinical features and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features, and comb the diagnosis ideas in order to help with clinical diagnosis.
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