2006 Vol. 30, No. 6
Display Method:
2006, 30(6): 321-324.
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Abstract:
In recent years, the research of tumor nuclide internal radiation treatment has been carried out encouraging result. 90Y has been regarded green non-environmental damage nuclide. Intrahepatic arterial injection of 90Y-glass microspheres perform dual function at embolism tumor blood supply artery and the internal radiation treatment tumor. It has many merits include simplified operation, wide-ranging indication, side effect few and the tumor response obvious. And the patient's survival rate and position lifetime has been effective enhanced. Along with the further development of microspheres material technique, this method will entirely possible to achieve a new effective and safe therapy for the patient and has extensively clinical foreground.
In recent years, the research of tumor nuclide internal radiation treatment has been carried out encouraging result. 90Y has been regarded green non-environmental damage nuclide. Intrahepatic arterial injection of 90Y-glass microspheres perform dual function at embolism tumor blood supply artery and the internal radiation treatment tumor. It has many merits include simplified operation, wide-ranging indication, side effect few and the tumor response obvious. And the patient's survival rate and position lifetime has been effective enhanced. Along with the further development of microspheres material technique, this method will entirely possible to achieve a new effective and safe therapy for the patient and has extensively clinical foreground.
2006, 30(6): 325-327.
Abstract:
Thyrotropin receptors antibodies may occur and induce Graves' disease (GD) several months after radioiodine therapy in a small number of patients with nontoxic goiter. The prevalence of radiation-induced GD is between 0.05% and 5%. The hypothesis of this disease includes induction by autoimmune reaction and others. Detection of the thyroid autoantibodise or of 99mTc pertechnetate scan can forecast the appearance of GD. Anfithyroid drugs,again radioiodine therapy and surgery are the treatments.
Thyrotropin receptors antibodies may occur and induce Graves' disease (GD) several months after radioiodine therapy in a small number of patients with nontoxic goiter. The prevalence of radiation-induced GD is between 0.05% and 5%. The hypothesis of this disease includes induction by autoimmune reaction and others. Detection of the thyroid autoantibodise or of 99mTc pertechnetate scan can forecast the appearance of GD. Anfithyroid drugs,again radioiodine therapy and surgery are the treatments.
2006, 30(6): 328-331.
Abstract:
Integrated PET-CT scanner realized the fuse of functional and anatomic imaging in one device, and it is superior to traditional imaging in evaluating curative effect for malignant tumors. In this article we focus on the clinical applications of 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging in evaluating curative effect and monitoring therapy for malignant tumors.
Integrated PET-CT scanner realized the fuse of functional and anatomic imaging in one device, and it is superior to traditional imaging in evaluating curative effect for malignant tumors. In this article we focus on the clinical applications of 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging in evaluating curative effect and monitoring therapy for malignant tumors.
2006, 30(6): 331-335.
Abstract:
PET-CT is an advanced imaging instrument combing anatomical and metabolic information into one. Combined with the radiation planning system, PET-CT is playing an increasingly important tool in the diagnosis and staging of malignant disease, image-gulded therapy planning, and treatment monitoring. Especially, PET-CT has a significant role in the delineation of tumor target volume, optimization of radiation planning.
PET-CT is an advanced imaging instrument combing anatomical and metabolic information into one. Combined with the radiation planning system, PET-CT is playing an increasingly important tool in the diagnosis and staging of malignant disease, image-gulded therapy planning, and treatment monitoring. Especially, PET-CT has a significant role in the delineation of tumor target volume, optimization of radiation planning.
2006, 30(6): 335-337.
Abstract:
Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) is based on an extensive use of modem medical imaging techniques. Delineation of the gross tumor volume and organs at risk constitutes one of the most important phases of conformal radiotherapy procedures. 18F-fluorodeoxyghcose (18F-FDG) PET possesses greater sensitivity and accuracy in detecting diseased lymph nodes, is an important staging examination for patients considered for radiation treatment with curative intent, 18F-FDG PET has an important role in delineation of gross tumor volume for patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.
Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) is based on an extensive use of modem medical imaging techniques. Delineation of the gross tumor volume and organs at risk constitutes one of the most important phases of conformal radiotherapy procedures. 18F-fluorodeoxyghcose (18F-FDG) PET possesses greater sensitivity and accuracy in detecting diseased lymph nodes, is an important staging examination for patients considered for radiation treatment with curative intent, 18F-FDG PET has an important role in delineation of gross tumor volume for patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.
2006, 30(6): 338-342.
Abstract:
In the management of differentiated thyroid cancer, radioiedine (131Ⅰ) ablation of thyroid remnants and 131Ⅰ treatment of metastatic lesions are very important. To prepare for ablation or treatment, optimal level of TSH has to be achieved. Recombinant human thyretropin (rhTSH) has the same structure and biological activity as endogenous TSH. It can effectively elevate serum TSH level and it has tittle side effects, rhTSH can also avoid hypothyroid symptoms which are sometimes very serious if withdrawal of thyroid hormone therapy is carried out. However, in a number of cases, dedifferentiation is observed, giving rise to poor prognostic thyroid cancers that are refractory to conventional treatment. Several novel approaches for the treatment of dedifferentiated thyroid cancers have made great breakthroughs. For instance, isotretinoin redifferentiation therapy has entered Phase Ⅱ clinical trials.
In the management of differentiated thyroid cancer, radioiedine (131Ⅰ) ablation of thyroid remnants and 131Ⅰ treatment of metastatic lesions are very important. To prepare for ablation or treatment, optimal level of TSH has to be achieved. Recombinant human thyretropin (rhTSH) has the same structure and biological activity as endogenous TSH. It can effectively elevate serum TSH level and it has tittle side effects, rhTSH can also avoid hypothyroid symptoms which are sometimes very serious if withdrawal of thyroid hormone therapy is carried out. However, in a number of cases, dedifferentiation is observed, giving rise to poor prognostic thyroid cancers that are refractory to conventional treatment. Several novel approaches for the treatment of dedifferentiated thyroid cancers have made great breakthroughs. For instance, isotretinoin redifferentiation therapy has entered Phase Ⅱ clinical trials.
2006, 30(6): 343-346.
Abstract:
More than 90% of primary thyroid cancers are differentiated papillery or follicular types. The popular treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) consist of surgery, radioiodine ablation and thyroid stimulating hormone suppressive therapy, which increase clinical benefit rate. During tumor progression, cellular de-differentiation occurs in up to 30% of cases and usually result in the loss of iodine uptake. The current resercbes aiming to improve treatment effect of DTC including clinical application of rhTSH, retinoic acid inducement to re-differentiation and gene therapy on sodium-iodide symporter.
More than 90% of primary thyroid cancers are differentiated papillery or follicular types. The popular treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) consist of surgery, radioiodine ablation and thyroid stimulating hormone suppressive therapy, which increase clinical benefit rate. During tumor progression, cellular de-differentiation occurs in up to 30% of cases and usually result in the loss of iodine uptake. The current resercbes aiming to improve treatment effect of DTC including clinical application of rhTSH, retinoic acid inducement to re-differentiation and gene therapy on sodium-iodide symporter.
2006, 30(6): 347-349,352.
Abstract:
Objective By calculating the dose equivalent to patients with Graves' disease by 131Ⅰ therapy, to evaluate the radiation safety of the individuals around the patients. Methods All patients had heed achieved the practical measure and follow-up, there attained the percentage of thyroid 131Ⅰ uptake, the 131Ⅰ dose, the duration of constrained social activity, and practical measure the effective dose equivalent rate and contact exact time with others, and compared the exposure dose to the individuals with the simplistic formula and practical measure accumulating dose calculating methods. Results For all patients with Graves' disease, the exposure doses to the individuals were not likely to exceed normal, Practical measure accumulating doses is higher than the simplistic formula calculating ones (t=3.953, P<0.001). When the adults' contact restricted time with the patients not exceed 6 days, practical measure accumulating calculating doses is higher (t=3.894, P<0.001), but exceed 6 days and enfant (commonly restricted), there were no difference between the simplistic formula calculating doses and practical measure accumulating calculating ones (t1=0.910, t2=1.705, respectively P>0.05). Conclusions All patients with 131Ⅰ therapy were safety to the individuals surrounding to the patients, practical measure accumulating doses is better and more practical.
Objective By calculating the dose equivalent to patients with Graves' disease by 131Ⅰ therapy, to evaluate the radiation safety of the individuals around the patients. Methods All patients had heed achieved the practical measure and follow-up, there attained the percentage of thyroid 131Ⅰ uptake, the 131Ⅰ dose, the duration of constrained social activity, and practical measure the effective dose equivalent rate and contact exact time with others, and compared the exposure dose to the individuals with the simplistic formula and practical measure accumulating dose calculating methods. Results For all patients with Graves' disease, the exposure doses to the individuals were not likely to exceed normal, Practical measure accumulating doses is higher than the simplistic formula calculating ones (t=3.953, P<0.001). When the adults' contact restricted time with the patients not exceed 6 days, practical measure accumulating calculating doses is higher (t=3.894, P<0.001), but exceed 6 days and enfant (commonly restricted), there were no difference between the simplistic formula calculating doses and practical measure accumulating calculating ones (t1=0.910, t2=1.705, respectively P>0.05). Conclusions All patients with 131Ⅰ therapy were safety to the individuals surrounding to the patients, practical measure accumulating doses is better and more practical.
2006, 30(6): 350-352.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the changes and clinical significance Of TRAb and TSI detection in patients with Graves' disease. Methods Serum TRAb and TSI levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay, and thyroid hormone levels were detected by micropaticle enzyme immuneoassay, including normal controls, Graves' disease in period of onset catabsis group and hashimotos thyroiditis group. Results The positive rate of TRAb and TSI in Graves' in period of onset group is 86.67% and 95.0%, TGA and TMA in hashimotes thyroiditis group is 85.29% and 91.18%, respectively. More importantly these results were significant difference than normol controls. Conclusions It's very important for Graves' disease patients to detect TRAb, TSI, TGA, TMA and thyroid hormone simulta-neously, especially to the curative effect and prognosis criterin in patients with Graves' disease and antidi-astole in patients with hashimotos thyroiditis.
Objective To explore the changes and clinical significance Of TRAb and TSI detection in patients with Graves' disease. Methods Serum TRAb and TSI levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay, and thyroid hormone levels were detected by micropaticle enzyme immuneoassay, including normal controls, Graves' disease in period of onset catabsis group and hashimotos thyroiditis group. Results The positive rate of TRAb and TSI in Graves' in period of onset group is 86.67% and 95.0%, TGA and TMA in hashimotes thyroiditis group is 85.29% and 91.18%, respectively. More importantly these results were significant difference than normol controls. Conclusions It's very important for Graves' disease patients to detect TRAb, TSI, TGA, TMA and thyroid hormone simulta-neously, especially to the curative effect and prognosis criterin in patients with Graves' disease and antidi-astole in patients with hashimotos thyroiditis.
2006, 30(6): 353-355.
Abstract:
Gated myocardial perfusion SPECT is a technique for the combined evaluation of myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function with in a single study. It is currently one of the most commonly performed cardiology procedures in a nuclear medicine department. Automation of the image processing and quantification has made this technique highly reproducible and practical in the clinical setting. In patients with coronary heart disease, gated myocardial perfusion SPECT enhances the diagnostic and prognostic capability of myocardial perfusionimaging, provides incremental information. It has shown potentials for myocardial viability, risk stratification, therapy and prognosis.
Gated myocardial perfusion SPECT is a technique for the combined evaluation of myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function with in a single study. It is currently one of the most commonly performed cardiology procedures in a nuclear medicine department. Automation of the image processing and quantification has made this technique highly reproducible and practical in the clinical setting. In patients with coronary heart disease, gated myocardial perfusion SPECT enhances the diagnostic and prognostic capability of myocardial perfusionimaging, provides incremental information. It has shown potentials for myocardial viability, risk stratification, therapy and prognosis.
2006, 30(6): 356-358.
Abstract:
Objective To built a simple and easy biologic sample bank from irradiated people in nuclear accident, for the long time research of biological effect of low dose ionization radiation on people. Methods The blood sample is fixed on a piece of filter paper rand sealed up in plastic bottle for keeping, blood sample scribble on glass lice, fixed and dyed as routine clinic examination, and still, reserve a slice of hair of the examined people. Results Having built a biologic sample bank which from 1162 human body. The samples are come from 958 liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear accident, 46 people in other nuclear accident and 158 people as control groups. It is also having much information details. Conclusions If the biologic sample bank is combined with the modern bimolecular technique, maybe have much meaningful for the theory and practice of radiobiology.
Objective To built a simple and easy biologic sample bank from irradiated people in nuclear accident, for the long time research of biological effect of low dose ionization radiation on people. Methods The blood sample is fixed on a piece of filter paper rand sealed up in plastic bottle for keeping, blood sample scribble on glass lice, fixed and dyed as routine clinic examination, and still, reserve a slice of hair of the examined people. Results Having built a biologic sample bank which from 1162 human body. The samples are come from 958 liquidators of Chernobyl nuclear accident, 46 people in other nuclear accident and 158 people as control groups. It is also having much information details. Conclusions If the biologic sample bank is combined with the modern bimolecular technique, maybe have much meaningful for the theory and practice of radiobiology.
2006, 30(6): 359-362.
Abstract:
The stereotatic radionsurgery(SRS) therapeutic tool mainly include gamma knife and X-knife, high energic ray was applicated to the intracranial target lesion and eanse radiological injury, with minimal radiation injury to the surrounding tissue because of the sharp dose gradient. Because of efficiently controling disease and no suffering from operation, SRS has more safety. But when the SRS irradion convey to the target, the peripheral normal brain tissue also have radiobiological reaction. This article reviewed the radiobiological effect of SRS treatment on the normal brain tissue.
The stereotatic radionsurgery(SRS) therapeutic tool mainly include gamma knife and X-knife, high energic ray was applicated to the intracranial target lesion and eanse radiological injury, with minimal radiation injury to the surrounding tissue because of the sharp dose gradient. Because of efficiently controling disease and no suffering from operation, SRS has more safety. But when the SRS irradion convey to the target, the peripheral normal brain tissue also have radiobiological reaction. This article reviewed the radiobiological effect of SRS treatment on the normal brain tissue.
2006, 30(6): 362-365.
Abstract:
The radiotherapy is an important method in treatment of intracranial germinoma. The intracranial germinoma could be cured by radiotherapy alone, but traditional radiotherapy had more side effects. The technology of radiotherapy is progressing, so low side effect and high cure rate may be realized. Rescently, some large amount and long term researches had been reported, so some problems and standards of radiotherapy for intracranial germinoma was more clear.
The radiotherapy is an important method in treatment of intracranial germinoma. The intracranial germinoma could be cured by radiotherapy alone, but traditional radiotherapy had more side effects. The technology of radiotherapy is progressing, so low side effect and high cure rate may be realized. Rescently, some large amount and long term researches had been reported, so some problems and standards of radiotherapy for intracranial germinoma was more clear.
2006, 30(6): 365-368.
Abstract:
Although cervical cancer gene therapy has a distance to clinical use due to some problems, the combinating of irradiation and gene therapy holds much promise in cancer therapy based on the traditional radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. This revivew focuses on the group of radiogenic therapy that are either.
Although cervical cancer gene therapy has a distance to clinical use due to some problems, the combinating of irradiation and gene therapy holds much promise in cancer therapy based on the traditional radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. This revivew focuses on the group of radiogenic therapy that are either.
2006, 30(6): 369-372.
Abstract:
Brachytherapy using a carrier embedded with radioactive seeds has some unique advantages for the treatment of tumor bed or tumor surface, such as optimized spatial dose distribution, reduced seeds migration, expanded clinical indication and convenient treatment application. All these contribute to its better curative effect. The therapy will have a good prospect of clinical application.
Brachytherapy using a carrier embedded with radioactive seeds has some unique advantages for the treatment of tumor bed or tumor surface, such as optimized spatial dose distribution, reduced seeds migration, expanded clinical indication and convenient treatment application. All these contribute to its better curative effect. The therapy will have a good prospect of clinical application.
2006, 30(6): 372-374.
Abstract:
Radiation-induced liver disease is characterized structurally by veno-ocelusive disease. Low attenuation areas of liver on noncontrast CT were old,erred in the patients with normal or cirrhosis liver after delivered eonformal radiotherapy. In the patients with fatty infiltration of the liver, CT showed relative increased density in the treatment portal. Enhanced pattern of irradiation-induced hepatic disease are different between normal liver and cirrhosis liver. CT appearance of irradiation-induced hepatic injury is related to primary liver disease.
Radiation-induced liver disease is characterized structurally by veno-ocelusive disease. Low attenuation areas of liver on noncontrast CT were old,erred in the patients with normal or cirrhosis liver after delivered eonformal radiotherapy. In the patients with fatty infiltration of the liver, CT showed relative increased density in the treatment portal. Enhanced pattern of irradiation-induced hepatic disease are different between normal liver and cirrhosis liver. CT appearance of irradiation-induced hepatic injury is related to primary liver disease.
2006, 30(6): 375-377.
Abstract:
Objective To study the dose distribution of 125Ⅰ seeds in experiment phantom. Methods The dose distribution of 125Ⅰ seeds was performed by the thermolnminescence dosimetry (TLD) method and the dose calculation formula (calculation). The radial dose of 125Ⅰ seed was compared using measured and calculated result. Results When radioactivity of 125Ⅰ seed was 37MBq (1.OmCi) and the radial distance is 0.5, 1.0. 1.5 and 2cm, the TLD measured and theoretically calculated result is 3.47, 0.87, 0.38, 0.21 eGy/h and 3.874, 0.952, 0.394, 0.216 eGy/h respectively. Conclusions The TLD measured and theoretically calculated result were found to good agreement. The radial dose of 125Ⅰ seed is attenuated very apidly with radial distance.
Objective To study the dose distribution of 125Ⅰ seeds in experiment phantom. Methods The dose distribution of 125Ⅰ seeds was performed by the thermolnminescence dosimetry (TLD) method and the dose calculation formula (calculation). The radial dose of 125Ⅰ seed was compared using measured and calculated result. Results When radioactivity of 125Ⅰ seed was 37MBq (1.OmCi) and the radial distance is 0.5, 1.0. 1.5 and 2cm, the TLD measured and theoretically calculated result is 3.47, 0.87, 0.38, 0.21 eGy/h and 3.874, 0.952, 0.394, 0.216 eGy/h respectively. Conclusions The TLD measured and theoretically calculated result were found to good agreement. The radial dose of 125Ⅰ seed is attenuated very apidly with radial distance.
2006, 30(6): 378-381.
Abstract:
The multileaf collimator (MLC) to achieve beam-intensity modulation is used more and more in most radiotherapy center. The various approaches to modulation have been developed that use the motion of the MLC leaves during irradiation to create a dynamic compensating filter either for a number of fixed gantry exposures or for a continuous arcing fan beam and for a continuous arcing cone beam. In order to obtaining much better therapeutic effect, we must have a strict scientist quality assumance(QA) and quality control(QC) management of MLC in intensity modulated radiation therap.
The multileaf collimator (MLC) to achieve beam-intensity modulation is used more and more in most radiotherapy center. The various approaches to modulation have been developed that use the motion of the MLC leaves during irradiation to create a dynamic compensating filter either for a number of fixed gantry exposures or for a continuous arcing fan beam and for a continuous arcing cone beam. In order to obtaining much better therapeutic effect, we must have a strict scientist quality assumance(QA) and quality control(QC) management of MLC in intensity modulated radiation therap.
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