Objective To investigate the CT imaging characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and compare them with ultrasound and histopathological features to explore the histopathological basis of CMN.
Methods Clinical and imaging data of 10 children with CMN confirmed by histopathology in the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2008 to July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort included 8 males and 2 females, aged from 1 month to 7 years ((12.6±26.1) months). Two cases of cellular CMN, 6 cases of typical CMN, and 2 cases of mixed CMN mainly with typical components (>80%) were evaluated. The characteristics of plain and contrast-enhanced CT scans of the children with CMN were summarized, and the CT characteristics of typical CMN and mixed CMN mainly with typical components (>80%) were compared with ultrasound and histopathological features.
Results CT imaging characteristics of typical CMN and mixed CMN mainly with typical components (>80%) were as follows: mostly round solid (3/8) or cystic solid (5/8) masses with poorly defined boundaries (8/8); uneven density of the solid part of the tumor (7/8); and uneven enhancement (8/8). Compared with cellular CMN, intratumoral renal pelvis (8/8) and bilateral sign (7/8) after enhanced scan were the special imaging features. Histopathological results showed that the bilateral sign in the CT imaging characteristics corresponded to the hypoechoic ring signal in ultrasound images, which is a special imaging sign caused by the dilated blood sinus around the tumor.
Conclusion Bilateral sign and intratumoral renal pelvis were the CT imaging characteristics of typical CMN and mixed CMN mainly with typical components.
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