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胰腺癌是一种恶性程度高、易转移、进展快、预后差的恶性肿瘤,是全球因癌症死亡的第七大病因,患者的5年生存率仅为9%,其唯一有希望治愈的方法是根治性手术切除[1-3]。然而,只有20%的胰腺癌患者有手术治疗的机会,超过50%的患者在初诊时就发现了远处转移灶[1, 3]。为了选择最合适的治疗方法(如手术切除、手术后的新辅助治疗或姑息治疗),早期诊断、准确分期和及时的疗效评估对胰腺癌患者至关重要[3-4],而在这些过程中,影像学方法发挥着无可替代的重要作用。
近年来,一体化的PET/MRI作为一种新型的将PET和MRI有机整合的多模态成像系统,实现了2种不同设备在相同空间内对各自数据的同时采集,兼具各设备的独立功能,既结合了MRI的高软组织分辨率与多参数、多功能成像特性,又结合了PET的放射性示踪剂代谢高灵敏度以及数据定量化特性[5],因此,PET/MRI在反映解剖学结构形态和生理学功能信息方面具有独特优势。PET/MRI现已被用于全身多种肿瘤诊断和治疗方面的研究,在胰腺癌中的应用也崭露头角。因此,我们就18F-FDG PET/MRI的优势及其在胰腺癌诊断和治疗中的应用及新进展综述如下。
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