2018 Vol. 42, No. 3
Display Method:
2018, 42(3): 195-200.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.001
[PDF 2151KB]
Abstract:
ObjectiveThe value of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) was evaluated. MethodsA total of 97 HPT patients (28 PHPT patients and 69 SHPT) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT imaging features, clinical symptoms, serum PTH, Ca, P, and AKP were analyzed. The following data were compared between PHPT and SHPT patients:imaging features; pathological findings; laboratory examination results; and relevance of diagnostic efficiency and clinical index. Results(1) The sensitivity and specificity of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT in PHPT were 96.55% and 98.78%, respectively. By contrast, the sensitivity and specificity of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT SHPT were 68.77% and 79.17%, respectively. (2) PHPT generally exhibited single lesion with average diameter was 17.4 mm. Compared with PHPT, SHPT generally displayed more lesions with smaller diameter of 12.8 mm (Z=-2.591, P=0.010) and more likely to be found with calcification(χ2=9.588, P < 0.01). (3) The percentage of patients without special clinical symptoms was higher in PHPT(χ2=11.713, P < 0.001). The percentage of patients with calculus in urinary system was also higher in PHPT(χ2=6.075, P < 0.001). However, the percentage of patients with ostalgia was higher in SHPT(χ2=24.382, P < 0.001). Serum PTH and AKP were significantly higher in SHPT(Z=-6.663, -4.326, both P < 0.001). PHPT had high serum calcium level and low phosphorus level, whereas SHPT showed normal or slightly higher calcium level and significantly high phosphorus level. Conclusions99Tcm-MIBI SPECT/CT fusion imaging had a significant value in preoperation localization of HPT, especially in PHPT. Compared with PHPT, SHPT had a greater increase in serum PTH and AKP and usually exhibited several lesions which are smaller and more likely to accompany calcification.
2018, 42(3): 201-206.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.002
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the increasing value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging with a dual-phase and dual-tracer technique for localizing parathyroid lesions in an unselected patient cohort with hyperparathyroidism. MethodsPatients with biochemically confirmed hyperparathyroidism were included in a prospective trial. The baseline values of all laboratory parameters were determined 1-2 weeks before 99Tcm-MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy was performed. Afterward, 40-60 MBq 99TcmO4- was injected with static thyroid image acquisition, followed by 600 MBq 99Tcm-MIBI injection. SPECT/CT was acquired immediately. With 99Tcm-MIBI additional delayed imaging were acquired. Patients were subjected to a subtraction protocol. Surgical and histological findings were used as the standard of comparison, sensitivity and specificity were calculated, and McNemar test and Wilcoton test were conducted to compare them at a significant level of 0.05. ResultsThe preoperative parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism were (102.4±88.8), (98.2±53.6) pmol/L, and the serum calcium level was (2.9±0.3), (1.9±0.2) mmol/L respectively. After surgical examination was completed, 40 enlarged parathyroid glands were found in 28 patients. Of these patients, 21 had single adenoma, and 7 had a multi-gland disease. The dual-phase technique could be used to accurately detect and diagnose parathyroid disease in 19 of 40 histological samples. The sensitivity and specificity for parathyroid disease localization were 47.5%(19/40). For those who yielded negative results and underwent the subtraction phase, five other lesions were detected, indicating an increased detection sensitivity(60.0%), the difference was significant(χ2=2.761, P=0.125). Furthermore, 26 of 40 histological samples were diagnosed with SPECT/CT fusion imaging, 25 hyperparathyroidism lesions were detected with dual-phase and subtraction-combined analysis, and 26 of 40 histological samples were accurately diagnosed with dual-phase combined with SPECT/CT fusion imaging. Subtraction-combined SPECT/CT fusion imaging and all combined scintigraphy diagnostic values exhibited the same performance. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method significantly improved compared with those of the dual-phase technique(67.5% vs. 47.5%, χ2=6.635, P=0.02; 93.3% vs. 86.7%, χ2=4.432, P=0.04). ConclusionFor patients with hyperparathyroidism, the detection rate of lesions by conventional dual-phase plane imaging combined with subtraction plane imaging and SPECT/CT fusion imaging was improved compared with that by single-and dual-phase plane imaging.
2018, 42(3): 207-211.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.003
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of 99Tcm-pertechnetate whole body scan with neck and chest SPECT/CT for detecting post-surgical pulmonary metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) patients. MethodsA total of 34 DTC patients were evaluated retrospectively. The patients underwent 99Tcm-pertechnetate whole body scan with neck and chest SPECT/CT after surgery and before 131I treatment. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of this imaging in detecting pulmonary metastasis were calculated. Moreover, its impact on formulating therapeutic schedule was analyzed. ResultsTwo of the 34 patients were defined as positive, which was manifested as an anatomical finding from CT with increased radiotracer uptake. Ten patients were equivocal positive, which was manifested as typical abnormal anatomical localization of lung metastasis without radiotracer uptake. The remaining 22 patients were considered as equivocal negative. Considering positive and equivocal results as positive findings, the sensitivity of the 99Tcm-pertechnetate whole body scan with neck and chest SPECT/CT in detecting pulmonary metastasis was 35.3%(12/34), and its positive predictive value was 100%(12/12). Consequently, 11 of 34 patients received increased radioactive dosage in the subsequent 131I treatment. ConclusionsMost pulmonary metastasis of DTC manifested as no radiotracer uptake in 99Tcm-pertechnetate planar imaging, and bigger lesions tended to show positive pertechnetate uptake. 99Tcm-pertechnetate whole body scan with neck and chest SPECT/CT could detect several pulmonary metastasis lesions which showed no pertechnetate uptake. Thus, this process can increase the positive detection rate of pulmonary metastasis lesions and adjust the treatment program of some patients.
2018, 42(3): 212-217.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.004
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ObjectiveThis study aims to study the role of SPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging in combination with serum tumor markers such as CEA and CYFRA21-1 to diagnose bone metastasis of NSCLC. MethodsA total of 143 patients with pathologically confirmed NSCLC were selected as study subjects(adenocarcinoma 88 cases, squamous cell 55 cases). Venous blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of CEA and CYFRA21-1, and a whole body bone scan and SPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging was performed. SPSS 22.0 software was used to compare serum CEA with CYFRA21-1 with the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to correlate serum CEA and CYFRA21-1 levels with the number of bone metastases. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in the diagnosis of bone metastases were needed to detect the incidence of bone metastases in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung via whole-body bone imaging and SPECT/CT fusion imaging with serum and serum CEA and CYFRA21-1(alone or in combination with the χ2 test). Results68 patients demonstrated bone metastasis with a total of 586 lesions. The incidence of bone metastasis of adenocarcinoma(50/88) was higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma(18/55)(χ2=10.56, P < 0.05). The ratio of bone metastatic lesions in adenocarcinoma patients was greater than that in squamous carcinoma(526/586)(χ2=19.23, P < 0.05). The serum levels of CEA(Z=4.98, P < 0.05) and CYFRA21-1(Z=2.55, P < 0.05) in patients with bone metastases were higher than in those without bone metastases. However, no significant correlation was found between serum CEA and bone metastases in non-small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastases(r=0.141, P>0.05), but there was a certain correlation between CYFRA21-1 and the number of bone metastases(r=0.502, P < 0.01). Serum CEA and CYFRA21-1 levels were sensitive in the diagnosis of NSCLC bone metastasis(69.1%, 83.8%), but had low specificity(47.6%, 49.3%) and accuracy(57.3%, 65.7%) was low. The SPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging in the diagnosis of NSCLC bone metastasis had high sensitivity(83.8%), specificity(84.0%), and accuracy(83.9%) were higher than serum CEA(χ2=4.09、23.08、24.33, all P < 0.05), specificity and accuracy were higher than CYFRA21-1 (χ2=20.28、12.55, both P < 0.05) and whole body bone scan(χ2=21.66、16.05, both P < 0.05). The sensitivity(97.0%), specificity(93.3%), and accuracy(95.1%) of SPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging combined with serum CEA and CYFRA21-1 in the diagnosis of NSCLC bone metastasis were higher than those of whole body bone scan(χ2=12.55、37.17、47.45, all P < 0.05), serum CEA(χ2=18.89、38.89、24.33, all P < 0.05), CYFRA21-1 (χ2=6.89、35.50、39.17, all P < 0.05), sensitivity and accuracy were higher than SPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging(χ2=6.89、9.53, both P < 0.05) applied individually. ConclusionsSPECT/CT tomographic fusion imaging combined with serum CEA and CYFRA21-1 diagnosis of NSCLC bone metastases had clinical value because of high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.
2018, 42(3): 218-223.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.005
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ObjectiveTo explore the application value of SPECT/CT on fracture healing. MethodsA retrospective analysis was done among 76 patients with fracture as evidenced by image data from January 2008 to August 2017. Fifty-eight cases with fracture revealed by a SPECT/CT fusion image with surgical treatment, 18 cases with nonsurgical treatment, and 76 cases of bone fracture clinical healing that failed to meet standards were retrospectively analyzed after more than 6 months of treatment. A SPECT/CT image fusion imaging device was applied to 76 cases of fracture detected with SPECT, CT scan, and SPECT/CT fusion imaging. The characteristics of the fractures in terms of radioactive distribution and CT were examined, and the radioactive strength of the fracture was observed to determine whether radioactivity passed continuously through the fracture line or crossed both sides of the fracture. The healing ability of the fracture was evaluated, and fracture healing cases were confirmed through surgery or clinical follow-up. ResultsA total of 76 fractures were collected and examined through SPECT/CT, and 58 cases of uptake that passed through the fracture line and crossed on both sides of the fracture end were obtained. This finding indicated that the fracture was in the process of healing and that fracture could heal. Furthermore, 52 cases were confirmed after conservative treatment was administered, and 6 cases of fracture were nonunion. For 18 cases, no nuclide concentration was detected in the fracture end, and the fracture was nonunion. The final diagnosis was confirmed through surgery, and the diagnostic accuracy rates were 89.66%(52/58) for fracture healing and 100%(18/18) for nonunion. ConclusionSPECT/CT imaging could accurately evaluate fracture healing and had an important application value.
2018, 42(3): 224-232.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.006
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ObjectivePathological ⅢA-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (pⅢA-N2 NSCLC) is a heterogeneous population, and the role of postoperative radiotherapy(PORT) after the adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in pⅢA-N2 NSCLC remains ambiguous. Not all pⅢA-N2 patients can benefit from PORT. This study was performed to identify the subgroup that can benefit from PORT after ACT. MethodsThis study included 804 pⅢA-N2 NSCLC patients completing radical resection and ACT from January 2006 to December 2015. The patients were divided into two groups:PORT group, patients who underwent PORT after radical resection and ACT; and NON-PORT group, control group of patients who only underwent radical resection and ACT. The PORT and NON-PORT groups consisted of 276 and 528 patients, respectively. Accurate clinical lymph node staging was obtained through contrast-enhanced CT and/or PET/CT. Lymph nodes measured in the short axis ≥ 10 mm on CT or SUV>2.5 on PET/CT were considered as metastases. Using 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy or intensity modulated radiation therapy techniques, PORT was administered at 1.8-2.2 Gy per fraction to a prescription dose to the planning target volume of 50-60 Gy. Outcome measures included overall survival(OS), disease-free survival(DFS), locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS). Kaplan-Meier, Log Rank test, and Cox regression were used to analyze survival data and identify prognostic factors. Statistically significant difference was set to P < 0.05. ResultsMedian follow-up time was 32.07 months. The 2-year and 5-year OS of the patients in the entire cohort were 82.1% and 54.5%, respectively. The median values of the DFS, LRFS, and DMFS were 19.84, 120.31, and 30.52 months, respectively. In the overall study cohort, the median values of the OS(97.31 months vs. 64.10 months, χ2=5.253, P=0.022), DFS (25.76 months vs. 17.97 months, χ2=18.397, P < 0.001), LRFS(120.31 months vs. 101.03 months, χ2=15.358, P < 0.001) and DMFS(36.83 months vs. 28.49 months, χ2=6.434, P=0.011) were significantly higher in the PORT group than in the NON-PORT group. Univariate analysis showed that the adverse prognostic factors which significantly affected OS were:male, age ≥ 60 years, advanced preoperative T staging, preoperative N1-N2, non-squamous carcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma, 1-2 chemotherapy cycles and NON-PORT. Multivariate Cox analyses revealed that factors independently associated with longer OS were PORT(HR=0.754, 95%CI=0.584-0.973, P=0.03), female, age < 60 years, preoperative clinical N0, clinic stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, adenocarcinoma, or squamous carcinoma. Subgroup analysis indicated that several preoperative clinical factors could predict the population that would benefit from PORT after ACT. These factors included male(HR=0.697, 95%CI=0.513-0.947, P=0.021), smoking patient(HR=0.648, 95%CI=0.464-0.905, P=0.011), preoperative clinical N1-N2(HR=0.640, 95%CI=0.465-0.881, P=0.006), clinic stage Ⅲ(HR=0.688, 95%CI=0.484-0.980, P=0.038), and adenocarcinoma(HR=0.726, 95%CI=0.527-0.999, P=0.049). ConclusionsPORT after ACT could significantly improve the 5-year OS, DFS, LRFS, and DMFS in pⅢA-N2 NSCLC patients. Moreover, PORT could improve the 5-year OS of the subgroups with the following characteristics:male, smoking patient, preoperative clinical N1-N2, clinic stage Ⅲ, and adenocarcinoma.
2018, 42(3): 233-236, 256.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.007
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in children with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM). MethodsCardiac magnetic resonance imaging(CMR) was performed consecutively in 71 children with idiopathic HCM(12.8 ±4.1 years old; 46 males, 25 females) from January 2006 to January 2012. Left ventricular (LV) parameters indexed by the body surface area were calculated, and LGE was carried out. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated, and differences in the two groups were compared via a log-rank test. ResultsOf the total number of children with HCM, 9 patients (12.7%) had concentric LV hypertrophy, and 2 of these 9 patients progressed into an end-stage phase. The prevalence of LGE was 73%. The LV mass index of the children with HCM subjected to LGE was greater than that of the other group[(112.7±57.9) g/m2 vs. (70.3±37.4) g/m2, t=2.71, P=0.025], but their maximal LV wall thickness index was not significantly different[(19.4±6.3) vs. (18.1±7.9) mm/m2, t=0.69, P=0.513]. Follow-up (2.4±1.6 years) revealed that LGE was associated with the adverse events in children with HCM (log-rank, χ2=4.77, P=0.029). ConclusionsThe prevalence of LGE in childhood HCM was similar to that in adult HCM. Children with HCM subjected to LGE likely suffered from adverse events.
2018, 42(3): 237-241.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.008
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo analyze and summarize the characteristic diagnostic points of CT and MRI images for benign and malignant solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumors. Results may have applications in improving the accuracy of these imaging modalities. MethodsA total of 38 cases of solid pseudopapillary tumors(SPT) and 10 cases of solid pseudopapillary carcinomas(SPC) confirmed through surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristic and diagnostic points of CT and MRI images were analyzed and summarized. ResultsThirty-eight cases of SPT had complete capsules, which were characterized low signal on T1 and T2, and delayed enhancement after contrast injection. Nine cases of SPC had incomplete capsules. Eighteen cases of SPT and 6 cases of SPC showed punctate, nodular, or arcing calcification. A total of 11 cases of SPT hemorrhage and 6 cases of SPC hemorrhage were observed. CT scanning showed elevated T1 density and signals and attenuated T2 signals. Moreover, 7 cases of SPT and 5 cases of SPC showing duct, tubular, or beaded dilation; 4 cases of SPC with peripheral vessel invasion and unclear vascular walls; and 5 cases of SPC with surrounding tissue invasion were observed. ConclusionsCapsulation, calcification, intratumoral hemorrhage, pancreatic duct dilation, and vascular and surrounding tissue invasion are the characteristic diagnostic points of SPT and SPC on CT and MRI images. Capsulation, blood vessel characteristics, and surrounding tissue invasion may serve as key points for the differential diagnoses of benign and malignant SPT.
2018, 42(3): 242-247.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.009
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 integrin receptor imaging in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions in comparison with ultrasound. MethodsForty-five females(53.0±9.5 years old) with breast nodules or masses measuring over 1 cm from October 2016 to June 2017, which were diagnosed through ultrasound, underwent early imaging via 99Tcm-3PRGD2 (740-925 MBq) for 15 min and then SPECT/CT in prone position after 2 h. The pathology was the gold standard. Then, a semi-quantitative method was used to evaluate the values of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 integrin receptor imaging of breast lesions and compare them with ultrasound results. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups. Lastly, diagnostic efficacy was compared using a chi-square test. Results99Tcm-3PRGD2 integrin receptor imaging identified 56 lesions in 45 patients, 35 of which were malignant and 21 were benign. The T/NT values of the malignant lesions were significantly higher than those of the benign lesions(Z=-3.77, P=0.00) in the SPECT/CT images. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 and ultrasound were 82.9%, 71.4%, and 78.6%, and 85.7%, 66.7%, and 78.6%, respectively. The critical value was 2.9 with the maximal Youden index. Furthermore, areas under the ROC curve for 99Tcm-3PRGD2 and ultrasound were 0.77 and 0.76, respectively. The diagnostic efficacy of 99Tcm-3PRGD2 was similar to that of ultrasonography(χ2=0.05, P>0.05). Thus, combining the two methods can improve the accuracy of diagnosis(92.9%) compare with ultrasound and 99Tcm-3PRGD2 (χ2=77.14, 74.87, all P < 0.05). Conclusions99Tcm-3PRGD2 integrin receptor imaging can identify benign and malignant breast lesions from an angiogenesis perspective with anatomical and functional information. Moreover, this technique can further identify benign and malignant lesions to reduce unnecessary punctures when ultrasonograms are unavailable.
2018, 42(3): 248-256.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.010
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of miR-148a on the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cell lines A549, H460, and H1299. MethodsLung cancer cells were divided into various groups based on different treatment methods. (1) A549 and H460 cells were classified into three groups:control, 4 Gy γ-irradiation, and 8 Gy γ-irradiation groups. miR-148a expression levels were analyzed through qRT-PCR. (2) A549 cells were categorized into two groups:control and miR-148a transfection groups. H460 cells were also divided into two groups:control and anti-miR-148a transfection groups. The cells were treated with different doses of γ-irradiation, and cell proliferation was detected through a clonogenic assay. (3) A549 and H1299 cells were grouped into three:control, miR-148a transfection, and miR-148a+ER transfection groups. The cells were treated with different doses of γ-irradiation, and the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells was detected via clonogenic assay. Statistical significance was determined with SPSS and analyzed with Student t test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsqRT-PCR analysis revealed that the miR-148a expression in the A549 and H460 cells treated with γ-irradiation decreased significantly. Clonogenic assays showed that miR-148a could sensitize A549 cells exposed to irradiation compared with that of the control group (t=12.16, P < 0.01). H460 cells were more resistant to irradiation in the presence of anti-miR-148a (t=11.93, P < 0.01). miR-148a overexpression could also downregulate the mRNA and protein levels of estrogen receptor (ER) in A549 cells, but anti-miR-148a could increase the mRNA and protein levels of ER in H460 cells. The miR-148a and ER overexpression significantly decreased the effect of miR-148a on the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells (t=11.34, 12.68, respectively, both P < 0.01). ConclusionsIrradiation could decrease miR-148a expression levels, and miR-148a overexpression could downregulate the ER level and suppress the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells, thereby enhancing the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells.
2018, 42(3): 257-260.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.011
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ObjectiveTo understand the performance indicators of radiography unit in six district of Tianjin. We tested and analyzed the testing results of 172 radiography unit in the light of quality control inspection and evaluation methods. MethodsThe medical institution was divide into tertiary hospital, secondary hospital, community hospital and private hospital. We tested the nine indexs of radiography unit with the Specifications for Testing of Image Quality Control in Medical X-ray Diagnostic Equipment(WS 76-2011). And only when the nine index were qualified, the radiography unit was judged to be qualified. All date were analysed by SPSS 16.0. Multi-sample rate was done by R×C Chi-square test, and multiple comparisons of rate was done by partition of Chi-square test method. ResultsThe qualified rate of the 172 units were 69.2%. The unqualified indexs of radiography unit were the deviation of the pipe voltage indicator and the deviation of the light field from the four sides of the irradiation field. The qualified rate of state testing in tertiary hospital was 82.4%, which was higher than that 51.9% in community hospital and 54.1% in private hospital(χ2=9.272, 9.599, both P < 0.01), and these differences were all statistically significant. The occupancy rate of domestic radiography unit in tertiary hospital was 7.35%, which were lower than that 27.5% in secondary hospital, that 92.6% in community hospital and that 78.4%(χ2=7.907, 64.184, 54.478, all P < 0.01) in private hospital, and these differences were all statistically significant. And the occupancy rate of domestic radiography unit in secondary hospital were lower than that in community hospital and private hospital(χ2=27.472, 19.932, both P < 0.01), and these differences were all statistically significant. The rate of radiography unit used by tertiary hospitals over 10 years was 16.2%, which was lower than that 51.9%(χ2=12.933, P < 0.01) in community hospital, and this difference was statistically significant. ConclusionThe performance status of radiography unit in tertiary hospital and secondary hospital of the six district of Tianjin are satisfactory, wherea community hospitals and private hospital need to optimize radiography unit and strengthen quality control management.
2018, 42(3): 261-264.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.012
Abstract:
Even though radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of tumors, the problems of toxic and side effects of normal tissues produced by radiotherapy and tumor tolerance to irradiation have not been solved. Gold nanoparticles(GNPs) are a new type of nanoparticle radiosensitizer. As a radiosensitizer, GNPs have become the focus of research because of their high biocompatibility. Their physical and chemical properties(including size, surface charge, and shape) can affect their metabolism behavior and tumor accumulation, thereby resulting in different sensitizing effect of radiotherapy. This review will summarize the progress of recent research on GNPs as a radiosensitizer.
Even though radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of tumors, the problems of toxic and side effects of normal tissues produced by radiotherapy and tumor tolerance to irradiation have not been solved. Gold nanoparticles(GNPs) are a new type of nanoparticle radiosensitizer. As a radiosensitizer, GNPs have become the focus of research because of their high biocompatibility. Their physical and chemical properties(including size, surface charge, and shape) can affect their metabolism behavior and tumor accumulation, thereby resulting in different sensitizing effect of radiotherapy. This review will summarize the progress of recent research on GNPs as a radiosensitizer.
2018, 42(3): 265-268.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.013
Abstract:
SPECT has always been considered as a technique thas unsuitableat cannot be used for quantitative analysis. The However, the appearance of such technologies, e.g., as SPECT/CT, physical correction (such as photon attenuation and scattering), and image reconstruction algorithms, haves promoted the development of SPECT/CT quantitative technology development. The direct integration of multiple technologies allows the further improvement of SPECT/CT to further improve performance in image acquisition and processing, thereby ensuring more accurate quantification. The authors mainly summarized the SPECT/CT hardware, physical correction, image reconstruction algorithm, and clinical application and insufficiency.
SPECT has always been considered as a technique thas unsuitableat cannot be used for quantitative analysis. The However, the appearance of such technologies, e.g., as SPECT/CT, physical correction (such as photon attenuation and scattering), and image reconstruction algorithms, haves promoted the development of SPECT/CT quantitative technology development. The direct integration of multiple technologies allows the further improvement of SPECT/CT to further improve performance in image acquisition and processing, thereby ensuring more accurate quantification. The authors mainly summarized the SPECT/CT hardware, physical correction, image reconstruction algorithm, and clinical application and insufficiency.
2018, 42(3): 269-273.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.014
Abstract:
Accurate diagnosis and prognostic evaluation are essential for the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). PET/CT, as a new imaging modality which can provide functional and anatomical imaging simultaneously, plays an important role in theranostics of these patients. This review focuses on the prognostic evaluation of patients with NSCLC by using semi-quantitative metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT.
Accurate diagnosis and prognostic evaluation are essential for the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). PET/CT, as a new imaging modality which can provide functional and anatomical imaging simultaneously, plays an important role in theranostics of these patients. This review focuses on the prognostic evaluation of patients with NSCLC by using semi-quantitative metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT.
2018, 42(3): 274-279.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.015
Abstract:
PET/CT is an imaging technique that integrates the functional metabolism and anatomical morphological information. This technology has been widely applied in differentiating malignant and benign tumors, cancer staging and restaging, and monitoring treatment response and prognosis. PET/CT has attracted considerable attention among clinicians because of the increasing number of thyroid incidentalomas. This article presents a review of the incidence, malignant rate, imaging features, and latest development of focal and diffuse thyroid incidentalomas using PET/CT imaging studies.
PET/CT is an imaging technique that integrates the functional metabolism and anatomical morphological information. This technology has been widely applied in differentiating malignant and benign tumors, cancer staging and restaging, and monitoring treatment response and prognosis. PET/CT has attracted considerable attention among clinicians because of the increasing number of thyroid incidentalomas. This article presents a review of the incidence, malignant rate, imaging features, and latest development of focal and diffuse thyroid incidentalomas using PET/CT imaging studies.
2018, 42(3): 280-285.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.016
Abstract:
18F-FDG PET/CT has significantly enhanced the accuracy of diagnosing malignant tumors, guided the staging and restaging of malignant tumors, and considerably impacted the treatment of patients. The importance of the clinical application of this technology in many tumors has been recognized, but several deficiencies remain. With the development of positron imaging agent, radionuclide-labeled choline has been increasingly applied in clinical research. Choline is an important component of the cell membrane, and its metabolism increases malignant tumors. Recent studies have shown that choline PET/CT has good value in the diagnosis, staging, and recurrence detection of glioma, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer. This technology is especially beneficial for observing intracranial lesions, diagnosing well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, and mapping the biological target area and location of recurrent lesions. Therefore, choline PET/CT complements the deficiency of FDG PET/CT to some extent. This paper reviews the application of radionuclide-labeled choline (11C-choline/18F-choline) in tumor imaging.
18F-FDG PET/CT has significantly enhanced the accuracy of diagnosing malignant tumors, guided the staging and restaging of malignant tumors, and considerably impacted the treatment of patients. The importance of the clinical application of this technology in many tumors has been recognized, but several deficiencies remain. With the development of positron imaging agent, radionuclide-labeled choline has been increasingly applied in clinical research. Choline is an important component of the cell membrane, and its metabolism increases malignant tumors. Recent studies have shown that choline PET/CT has good value in the diagnosis, staging, and recurrence detection of glioma, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer. This technology is especially beneficial for observing intracranial lesions, diagnosing well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, and mapping the biological target area and location of recurrent lesions. Therefore, choline PET/CT complements the deficiency of FDG PET/CT to some extent. This paper reviews the application of radionuclide-labeled choline (11C-choline/18F-choline) in tumor imaging.
2018, 42(3): 286-290.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.017
Abstract:
Inflammation plays a significant role in the defense against invasive pathogens and injuries. This process helps in tissue repair and elimination of harmful pathogens. However, over or extended inflammatory reaction is harmful to normal cells. Numerous clinical and scientific studies have explored an ideal inflammatory imaging method. Radionuclide imaging can reveal the degree and pathological process of inflammation and prognosticate therapeutic response using instant and highly specific monitoring of leukocyte activation and distribution. This study was performed to provide a brief description of the clinical application and progress in the development of radionuclide probes.
Inflammation plays a significant role in the defense against invasive pathogens and injuries. This process helps in tissue repair and elimination of harmful pathogens. However, over or extended inflammatory reaction is harmful to normal cells. Numerous clinical and scientific studies have explored an ideal inflammatory imaging method. Radionuclide imaging can reveal the degree and pathological process of inflammation and prognosticate therapeutic response using instant and highly specific monitoring of leukocyte activation and distribution. This study was performed to provide a brief description of the clinical application and progress in the development of radionuclide probes.
2018, 42(3): 291-295.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.03.018
Abstract:
There are a wide variety of pancreatic lesions, which are mainly classified as neoplastic lesions, such as exocrine gland tumors, endocrine tumors, and mesenchymal tumors, etc. and non-neoplastic lesions which include pancreatic pseudocysts, pancreatic cysts, etc. In view of the complex and diversified imaging features of different pancreatic diseases, the author selected two kinds of diseases that are often misdiagnosed in clinical work to analyze and discuss: IgG4-related sclerosing pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst. We analyzed and discriminated from the clinical features, conventional imaging features and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features respectively, to provide clinical help.
There are a wide variety of pancreatic lesions, which are mainly classified as neoplastic lesions, such as exocrine gland tumors, endocrine tumors, and mesenchymal tumors, etc. and non-neoplastic lesions which include pancreatic pseudocysts, pancreatic cysts, etc. In view of the complex and diversified imaging features of different pancreatic diseases, the author selected two kinds of diseases that are often misdiagnosed in clinical work to analyze and discuss: IgG4-related sclerosing pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst. We analyzed and discriminated from the clinical features, conventional imaging features and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features respectively, to provide clinical help.
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