2018 Vol. 42, No. 2
Display Method:
2018, 42(2): 97-103.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.001
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Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in 18F-FDG uptake on different edge sign areas of malignant solitary pulmonary nodules and to analyze the effects of tumor biological growth pattern on radioactivity distribution of 18F-FDG. MethodsRetrospective analysis of the data on 18F-FDG PET/CT images from 50 collected cases with malignant solitary pulmonary nodules was conducted to determine 18F-FDG uptake value, which is expressed as average standardized uptake value (SUVave), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and ΔSUV (SUVmax-SUVave), at the region of interest to investigate the differences in radioactive 18F-FDG uptake on the positive edge sign areas of the nodules. Comparison of mean in multiple groups was conducted with LSD method. ResultsIn 50 patients with malignant solitary pulmonary nodules, spicule signs occurred in 35 cases (SUVave=4.99±2.98; SUVmax=5.87±3.48; ΔSUV=0.88±0.67); lobulation signs appeared in 41 cases (SUVave=6.95±3.30; SUVmax=8.43±3.98; ΔSUV=1.48±1.04); pleural retraction signs developed in 26 cases (SUVave=4.45±2.03; SUVmax=5.40±2.45; ΔSUV=0.95±0.82); vessel convergence signs materialized in 30 cases (SUVave=6.36±3.94; SUVmax=7.78±5.22; ΔSUV=1.42±1.52). Compared with the spicule (LSD, P=0.008, 0.006, 0.015), and pleural retraction sign groups (LSD, P=0.002, 0.003, 0.049), SUVave, SUVmax, and ΔSUV of the lobulation sign group were much higher. Compared with the pleural retraction sign group, SUVave and SUVmax of the vessel convergence sign group were much higher (LSD, P=0.026, 0.026). ConclusionsSignificant differences were observed in the distributions of radioactive 18F-FDG uptake between predominant proliferative and infiltrative areas. Thus, 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can virtually reflect the heterogeneous distribution of proliferative and invasive areas in different tumor regions.
2018, 42(2): 104-110.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.002
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo study the value of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in evaluating the invasiveness, staging, and correlation between baseline SUVmax and the interim therapeutic response in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). MethodsForty-eight FL patients who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT scan before chemotherapy, with the combination regimen of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunomycin, oncovin and prednisolone (R-CHOP), were studied. Eighteen patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scan again after 3 cycles of R-CHOP treatment to evaluate the interim therapeutic response. Two-sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the differences in the baseline SUVmax between the following:low-grade group (pathological grades 1-2 and 3a) and high-grade group (pathological grade not lower than grade 3b); non-disseminated stage group and disseminated stage group; and complete response (CR) group and non-CR group. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the relation between the baseline SUVmax and the Ann Arbor staging. ResultsThe baseline SUVmax was significantly different between the low-and high-grade groups (6.23±4.68 vs. 13.20±6.68, t=3.919, P<0.001), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.835. No significant relation was found between the baseline SUVmax and the Ann Arbor staging (r=0.242, P=0.098). The baseline SUVmax of the non-disseminated stage group was significantly lower than that of the disseminated stage group among low-grade FL patients (median:1.20 vs. 7.85, U=24.000, P<0.001), and the AUC was 0.905. The baseline SUVmax of the CR group was significantly lower than that of the non-CR group after the interim R-CHOP therapy (5.16±3.05 vs. 10.99±7.45, t=2.172, P=0.045). ConclusionsThe baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax is effective in evaluating invasiveness and staging and is related to the interim therapeutic response among FL patients. Moreover, the baseline SUVmax is related to the disease dissemination among low-grade FL patients.
2018, 42(2): 111-114, 153.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.003
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo compare the clinical features and 131I efficacy of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) except for PTMC. MethodsPTC patients who were undergoing 131I treatment after total thyroidectomy were divided into the PTMC group (≤ 1.0 cm) and the papillary non-microcarcinoma group (>1.0 cm) according to tumor diameter. The clinical data of both groups were retrospectively analyzed, and the prognoses of the patients were evaluated. The statistical software SPSS Statistics 22.0 was used to analyze the results via t test and chi-squared (χ2) test. ResultsThe proportion of patients with lymph node and central lymph node metastases in the PTMC group was lower than that in the PTC group. The number of metastatic lymph nodes was less, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=44.23, 23.56, 42.80, all P<0.05). Most of the patients in the PTMC group demonstrated unilateral morbidity (χ2=45.94, P<0.05) and less extranodal infiltrations (χ2=11.22, P<0.05) compared with the patients in the PTC group. The PTMC group included more patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis than the PTC group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=9.08, P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to the occurrence of distant metastases and benign diseases, such as diffuse toxic goiter and nodular goiter (χ2=2.16, 0.21, both P>0.05). A total of 197 patients in the two groups achieved clinical remission after treatment. The remission rate in the PTMC group was higher than that in the PTC group. Among the 197 clinical remission cases, 102 patients achieved clinical remission after the first treatment. Although more patients achieved clinical remission in the PTMC group than in the PTC group after the first treatment, no significant difference was noted between the two groups (χ2=3.18, P>0.05). ConclusionsThe clinical features of PTMC patients differ from those of PTC patients. The overall cure rate of PTMC after 131I treatment is higher than that of PTC. The development of individualized treatment plans for PTMC patients is recommended to achieve good therapeutic effect and prognosis.
2018, 42(2): 115-120.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.004
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo assesse the value of summed stress score (SSS) and phase analysis of gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) in the severity of coronary artery lesion. MethodsEighty-nine patients with chest pain who underwent coronary angiography and 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99Tcm-MIBI) two-day stress-rest GMPI were enrolled in this study. Among them, 52 patients were diagnosed with coronary heart disease by coronary angiography; 26 patients had coronary atherosclerosis and 11 patients were normal. The degree of coronary artery lesion was represented by Gensini score. SSS and phase histogram bandwidth (BW), standard deviation (SD), and entropy were derived using a 17-segment visual semi-quantitative method and the quantitative gated SPECT software phase analysis to analyze the correlation of the parameters with the Gensini score. The differences of the above parameters among coronary heart disease group, coronary artery sclerosis group, and normal group were compared. Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, ridge regression, and paired t test were used for statistical methods. Results(1) Univariate analysis showed that Gensini score gradually increased with the increase of GMPI parameters. (2)Ridge regression analysis showed that BW was the most significant parameter that reflected the severity of coronary artery lesion, followed by SSS, entropy, and SD(t=6.692, 3.688, 3.559 and 2.896, all P<0.05). (3)SSS, BW, SD, entropy of coronary heart disease group, and Gensini score were positively correlated (r=0.750, 0.747, 0.671 and 0.695, all P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between the parameters and Gensini score in the coronary artery sclerosis and normal groups. Rest GMPI analysis showed that BW(52.4°±20.6°), SD(16.7°±7.7°), and entropy(41.3%±8.0%) in coronary heart disease group were significantly higher than those in the coronary artery sclerosis group (23.7°±7.4°, 6.4°±2.9°, and 28.7%±8.0%, respectively; F=8.299, 8.176 and 6.752, all P<0.001). No significant difference was found in these parameters between coronary artery sclerosis group and normal group (F=1.462, 0.812 and 1.422, all P>0.05). The differences in BW, SD and entropy between rest and stress GMPI in 89 patients were not significantly different (t=0.283, 1.121 and 0.726, all P>0.05). ConclusionsSSS, BW, SD, and entropy have certain value in assessing the degree of coronary artery disease. Rest and stress GMPI have similar values in assessing left ventricular synchrony.
2018, 42(2): 121-128.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.005
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of long non-coding RNA neighbour of BRCA1 gene2(NBR2) on the radiosensitivity of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. MethodAccording to different treatment methods, breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into the following groups:(1) three groups including control group, 4 Gy γ ray irradiation group, and 8 Gy γ ray irradiation group, then the expression level of NBR2 was tested by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) analysis; (2) four groups including control group, NBR2 transfection group, 4 Gy γ ray irradiation group, and NBR2 transfection+γ ray irradiation group, then the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was detected by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assays; (3) three groups including control group, NBR2 transfection group, and NBR2+B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2) transfection group, and the cells were irradiated with different doses of γ ray, then the proliferation was detected by MTT and clonogenic assay. Statistical significance of the results was determined by SPSS statistical software and analyzed by student's t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. ResultsqRT-PCR analysis revealed that compared with that in the control group, the expression of NBR2 was decreased significantly in breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with γ ray irradiation(MCF-7:t=10.75, 11.17, MDA-MB-231:t=11.22, 12.31, all P<0.01). MTT assays showed that compared with the cells irradiated alone, the breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells irradiated in the presence of NBR2 had significantly decreased proliferation (MCF-7: t=10.55, MDA-MB-231:t=11.97, both P<0.01). NBR2 could also down-regulate the mRNA and protein level of BCL2 in these cells. The enhanced BCL2 expression significantly reduced the NBR2 inhibition of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation after irradiation as compared with that of NBR2 alone (MCF-7:t=10.87, MDA-MB-231:t=11.37, both P<0.01). ConclusionsIrradiation could decrease the expression level of NBR2. The overexpression of NBR2 could down-regulate the BCL2 level and suppress the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, thus enhancing the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells.
2018, 42(2): 129-134.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.006
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo detect and analyze the influence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) on radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis and explore whether the anti-fibrosis effect of transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) is mediated by EMT. MethodsC57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into three groups:control group, irradiation group only (irradiated group), and irradiation and TGF-β3 group (TGF-β3 group). The irradiation group received intraperitoneal injections of 0.5 ml saline, and the TGF-β3 group received intraperitoneal injections of 1 μg/kg human recombinant TGF-β3 every week after single dose of 20 Gy irradiation to their thoraxes. The mice in each group were sacrificed for 1, 3, and 6 months after irradiation. The mouse lung pathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome. The expression of EMT epithelium-marked protein zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) and interstitial-marked protei N-cadherin were measured by immunohistochemistry. The results were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact probability. ResultsAlveolar walls thickened, collagen fibers were deposited, and other typical fibrosis changed after irradiation. Unlike those in the irradiation group, pulmonary fibrosis lesions were significantly reduced (Z=-2.562, -2.807, both P<0.05) and collagen deposition was obviously decreased (Z=2.442, 2.529, both P<0.05) in the TGF-β3 group. The expression of ZO-1 was markedly decreased (Z=4.492, 5.831, 6.064, all P<0.05) and the expression of N-cadherin was significantly increased (Z=-3.269, -5.520, -6.063, all P<0.05) in the lung tissues of mice at 1, 3, and 6 months after irradiation. Unlike the irradiation group, the expression of ZO-1 was increased (Z=-2.881, -4.220, -5.695, all P<0.05) and the expression of N-cadherin was decreased (Z=4.546, 3.560, 4.919, all P<0.05) in the TGF-β3 group. The differences were significant. ConclusionTGF-β3 may antagonize radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting EMT.
2018, 42(2): 135-142.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.007
Abstract:
ObjectiveRNA interference (RNAi) is used to inhibit Notch intracellular domain (NICD) expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. The aim of RNAi is to observe the effect of the inhibition of the NICD expression on cell proliferation and function-related gene expression in MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to 2 Gy radiation. MethodsThe MC3T3-E1 cells were established to inhibit the NICD. The NICD expression of cells was detected by using qRT-PCR and Western blot. MC3T3-E1 and inhibited NICD MC3T3-E1 cells were irradiated with 2 Gy. Then, the proliferation and function-related gene expression were detected through BrdU incorporation and qRT-PCR. ResultsNICD expression in MC3T3-E1 cells could be inhibited by the RNAi technology. The inhibition of NICD expression could interfere with the proliferation of precursor osteoblasts and osteoblasts. The proliferation of precursor osteoblasts, osteoblasts, and NICD RNAi osteoblasts significantly decreased after 2 Gy irradiation. The function-related gene expression of each target cell is as follows. ① The expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was upregulated in precursor osteoblasts (t=2.353, P < 0.05) and downregulated in the NICD RNAi precursor osteoblasts (t=2.353, P < 0.05) after 2 Gy irradiation. ② The expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was upregulated in precursor osteoblasts and osteoblasts and the NICD RNAi precursor osteoblasts (t=3.182, 3.345, 3.555, all P < 0.05) and was downregulated in the NICD RNAi osteoblasts (t=5.045, P < 0.01) after 2 Gy irradiation. ③ The expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) was downregulated in precursor osteoblasts (t=2.541, P < 0.05) and was upregulated in osteoblasts and NICD RNAi precursors osteoblast (t=3.299, P < 0.05; t=10.212, P < 0.01) after 2 Gy irradiation. However, the inhibition of the NICD expression could cause an opposite change in other cells (t=0.765, P > 0.05). ④ The expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) was downregulated in precursor osteoblasts and osteoblasts (t=2.994 and 2.782, P < 0.05) after 2 Gy irradiation. However, the inhibition of the NICD expression could cause expression upregulation in precursor osteoblasts and expression downregulation in osteoblasts (t=5.841, P < 0.01). ⑤ The expression of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the target cells exhibited the same trend as the expression of RANKL after 2 Gy irradiation. ConclusionsThe inhibition of the NICD expression exerts different effects on the differentiation of irradiated osteoblasts. The inhibition of the NICD expression could cause a series of changes including:①It may decrease the proliferation of precursor osteoblasts and osteoblasts and protect the proliferation of differentiating precursor osteoblasts after irradiation. ②It can significantly inhibit the differentiation of precursors osteoblasts after irradiation and reduce bone loss through regulating the expression of Runx2. ③The osteoblasts did not show the regulated function of the osteoclasts through the RANKL/OPG/RANK system. ④The osteoblasts can exhibit the inhibited function of the osteoclasts through the expression of M-CSF.
2018, 42(2): 143-147.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.008
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate the radiation damage and oxidative effects of different doses by gamma radiation on female adult Drosophila. MethodsThree strains of female Drosophila melanogaster of white eye W1118, red eye UAS-EGFP, and Actin-Gal4 were treated with different doses of 137Cs-gamma rays. Then, their survival, movement, and reproductive abilities were measured. The oxidative damage of the female adult Drodophila. melanogaster was evaluated by measuring catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. ResultsThe half lethal doses of W1118, UAS-EGFP, and Actin-Gal4 were 1513, 1643, and 1809 Gy, respectively. The survival rate, climbing height fraction, and fecundity of the three-day-old female Drosophila were negatively correlated with the radiation dose. After irradiation, the activities of CAT decreased (t=10.76, 13.84, 11.22, all P < 0.05) and the content of MDA increased (t=4.51, 4.26, 4.35, all P < 0.05) in the female Drosophila adult body. ConclusionThe reduced survival, movement, and fecundity of female adult Drosophila. melanogaster may be related to the oxidative damage under high doses of gamma radiation.
2018, 42(2): 148-153.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.009
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo explore the synthesis and anti-radiation activity of glycyrrhizin magnesium through classic animal experiments. MethodsThe Gly-Mg compound was synthesized by the substitution reaction of glycyrrhizin(Gly) and magnesium, and the structure was identified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. ICR mice irradiated with 137Cs γ-rays were used as experimental subjects. The mice were divided into 5 groups:single-irradiation control group (physiological saline), Gly (50 mg/kg) group, Gly-Mg low, medium and high dose administration groups (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg).The 30-day survival rate of mice irradiated with 7.8 Gy (lethal dose) and the 7-day radiation resistance of mice irradiated with 6.0Gy (sub-between groups. The t-test was used to compare the two groups. ResultsThe Gly-Mg was successfully synthesized. After the irradiation of 7.8 Gy γ-ray emitted from 137Cs radiation resource, the survival rates of mice irradiated with 7.8 Gy and given Gly-Mg at 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg increased to 25.0%, 33.3%, and 41.7%, respectively. The average survival time was prolonged significantly compared with the control group(t=3.418, P < 0.05). The thymus index(t=3.259, 7.580, 3.415, all P < 0.05), spleen index, liver index(t=4.615, 1.797, both P < 0.05; t=3.341, P < 0.01), gonadal index(t=1.826, P < 0.05; t=2.631, 2.893, both P < 0.01) were improved of all Gly-Mg irradiated groups. Thymus, liver, and gonad indexes were statistically significant in different groups. The medium dose group of Gly-Mg significantly increased the number of WBC(t=2.888, P < 0.01), bone marrow n ucleated(t=4.570, P < 0.05), percentages of DNA(t=6.139, P < 0.01), and colony forming unit of spleen(t=1.872, P < 0.05) the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionsThe steps involved in Gly-Mg synthesis are simple, and raw materials are easily available. Gly-Mg showed a protective effect against damage induced by irradiation. It is expected to be developed into anti-radiation drugs.
2018, 42(2): 154-160.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.010
Abstract:
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor that originated from the C cells of thyroid. Given its special function, timely radical thyroid operation is the preferred treatment for this tumor. However, most patients are prone to early metastasis, and the sodium/iodide symporter is unexpressed on the C cell surface. Therefore, this tumor cannot be treated with radioactive iodine. In recent years, the clinical application of targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is increasing. Furthermore, radionuclide therapy and other interventional targeted therapies are becoming rapidly developed, which results in an opportunity to manage the aggressive medullary thyroid cancer.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor that originated from the C cells of thyroid. Given its special function, timely radical thyroid operation is the preferred treatment for this tumor. However, most patients are prone to early metastasis, and the sodium/iodide symporter is unexpressed on the C cell surface. Therefore, this tumor cannot be treated with radioactive iodine. In recent years, the clinical application of targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is increasing. Furthermore, radionuclide therapy and other interventional targeted therapies are becoming rapidly developed, which results in an opportunity to manage the aggressive medullary thyroid cancer.
2018, 42(2): 161-166.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.011
Abstract:
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging functional molecules that can regulate downstream target genes by influencing genetic transcription and protein translation and stability. LncRNAs play an important role in various biological processes, such as growth and development, immune response, metabolic regulation, and oncogenesis. Ionizing radiation can induce the expression of lncRNAs that can participate in ionizing radiation-induced damage response and repair. Thus, studying lncRNAs related to ionizing radiation is helpful in enriching our understanding of the mechanisms of damage response. Herein, we aimed to review the structures, functions, and target gene regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in ionizing radiation.
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging functional molecules that can regulate downstream target genes by influencing genetic transcription and protein translation and stability. LncRNAs play an important role in various biological processes, such as growth and development, immune response, metabolic regulation, and oncogenesis. Ionizing radiation can induce the expression of lncRNAs that can participate in ionizing radiation-induced damage response and repair. Thus, studying lncRNAs related to ionizing radiation is helpful in enriching our understanding of the mechanisms of damage response. Herein, we aimed to review the structures, functions, and target gene regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in ionizing radiation.
2018, 42(2): 167-172.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.012
Abstract:
Biological dosimetry indicators play important roles in the dose estimation of irradiated personnel in nuclear accident and in the study of radiation biological effects. However, chromosome aberration analysis cannot satisfy the requirements of mass rapid detection. Therefore, determining fast, simple, and high-throughput biodosimetry indicators has become a hot spot in radiobiology. With the rapid development in molecular biology technology and theory, the radiation effects of biological macromolecules have been studied extensively. The biological dosimetry of molecular biological level is mainly focused on the DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation, that is, the changes in gene expression and protein levels. This paper reviews the recent advances in biodosimetry at molecular biological level.
Biological dosimetry indicators play important roles in the dose estimation of irradiated personnel in nuclear accident and in the study of radiation biological effects. However, chromosome aberration analysis cannot satisfy the requirements of mass rapid detection. Therefore, determining fast, simple, and high-throughput biodosimetry indicators has become a hot spot in radiobiology. With the rapid development in molecular biology technology and theory, the radiation effects of biological macromolecules have been studied extensively. The biological dosimetry of molecular biological level is mainly focused on the DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation, that is, the changes in gene expression and protein levels. This paper reviews the recent advances in biodosimetry at molecular biological level.
2018, 42(2): 173-176.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.013
Abstract:
Ischemic heart disease has become a high incidence disease threating to human health, the judgement of the status about myocardial perfusion and whether the coronary is stenosis has great significance for preventing and treating ischemic heart disease. Dual-energy computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging is always using for static evaluating myocardial blood pool imaging, diagnosing coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in clinical medicine. The authors review the progress of dual-energy myocardial perfusion imaging via dual source CT in imaging principle, scanning methods, image acquisition and clinical applications.
Ischemic heart disease has become a high incidence disease threating to human health, the judgement of the status about myocardial perfusion and whether the coronary is stenosis has great significance for preventing and treating ischemic heart disease. Dual-energy computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging is always using for static evaluating myocardial blood pool imaging, diagnosing coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction in clinical medicine. The authors review the progress of dual-energy myocardial perfusion imaging via dual source CT in imaging principle, scanning methods, image acquisition and clinical applications.
2018, 42(2): 177-180, 188.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.014
Abstract:
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in China, and the incidence is increasing annually. CT angiography (CTA) examination of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is gradually extensively used in clinical practice. CTA can observe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in all directions and clearly shows the anatomical structures and lesions of blood vessels. The traditional cardio-cerebrovascular system is divided into two scans with large radiation dose and complicated operation. Many scholars have studied the simultaneous scanning of cardiac and cerebral vessels with one-step stop imaging in recent years. This method is widely promoted given its advantages, that is, simplicity, fast, noninvasive, low radiation dose, minimal contrast medium, and high accuracy. The author reviewed the research progress of CTA in cardiac and cerebral vascular one-step stop imaging.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in China, and the incidence is increasing annually. CT angiography (CTA) examination of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is gradually extensively used in clinical practice. CTA can observe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in all directions and clearly shows the anatomical structures and lesions of blood vessels. The traditional cardio-cerebrovascular system is divided into two scans with large radiation dose and complicated operation. Many scholars have studied the simultaneous scanning of cardiac and cerebral vessels with one-step stop imaging in recent years. This method is widely promoted given its advantages, that is, simplicity, fast, noninvasive, low radiation dose, minimal contrast medium, and high accuracy. The author reviewed the research progress of CTA in cardiac and cerebral vascular one-step stop imaging.
2018, 42(2): 181-185.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.015
Abstract:
Electron spin resonance(ESR) signals, such as background, mechanically-induced, radiation-induced signals, can be detected in irradiated glass by ESR spectroscopy. ESR signals are set proportional to the dose. When a nuclear accident or sudden radiation accident occurs, the ESR measurement of the glass can quickly estimate the dose. Then the severity of the accident can be evaluated, and the medical treatment of the injured can be effectively performed. The use of glass samples as radiation detectors has several advantages, such as chemical inertness, rigidity, insolubility, small size, low cost, and rifeness, that make them especially attractive. In this paper, the composition of glass, the principle of dose estimation, and the composition of the ESR signal and its dosimetry characteristics are discussed.
Electron spin resonance(ESR) signals, such as background, mechanically-induced, radiation-induced signals, can be detected in irradiated glass by ESR spectroscopy. ESR signals are set proportional to the dose. When a nuclear accident or sudden radiation accident occurs, the ESR measurement of the glass can quickly estimate the dose. Then the severity of the accident can be evaluated, and the medical treatment of the injured can be effectively performed. The use of glass samples as radiation detectors has several advantages, such as chemical inertness, rigidity, insolubility, small size, low cost, and rifeness, that make them especially attractive. In this paper, the composition of glass, the principle of dose estimation, and the composition of the ESR signal and its dosimetry characteristics are discussed.
2018, 42(2): 186-188.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.016
Abstract:
The author report one case of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The characteristics of the disease were analysed according to clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, meanwhile, the main points of differential diagnosis of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were reviewed in the literature. The results of imaging findings of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this case showed a large soft tissue mass with smooth edge and multiple spotty calcifications inside, 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed obvious 18F-FDG hypermetabolism in the mass with a SUVmax of 26.2. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging could provide reference for diagnosis of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
The author report one case of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The characteristics of the disease were analysed according to clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, meanwhile, the main points of differential diagnosis of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were reviewed in the literature. The results of imaging findings of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this case showed a large soft tissue mass with smooth edge and multiple spotty calcifications inside, 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed obvious 18F-FDG hypermetabolism in the mass with a SUVmax of 26.2. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging could provide reference for diagnosis of primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
2018, 42(2): 189-191.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.017
Abstract:
We report a case of 131I therapy in a patient with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease and recurrence after methimazole therapy. We analyzed the characteristics of this case on the basis of clinical symptoms; auxiliary examination, including serological tests, thyroid ultrasound, and SPECT/CT fusion imaging of neck and chest. Understanding about the congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease was deepened through literature review. 131I therapy must be employed as early as possible when a patient with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease exhibits recurrence after regular oral antithyroid drug therapy. 131I therapy is still an ideal method for patients with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease and recurrence after methimazole therapy.
We report a case of 131I therapy in a patient with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease and recurrence after methimazole therapy. We analyzed the characteristics of this case on the basis of clinical symptoms; auxiliary examination, including serological tests, thyroid ultrasound, and SPECT/CT fusion imaging of neck and chest. Understanding about the congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease was deepened through literature review. 131I therapy must be employed as early as possible when a patient with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease exhibits recurrence after regular oral antithyroid drug therapy. 131I therapy is still an ideal method for patients with congenital absence of single thyroid gland lobe combined with Graves' disease and recurrence after methimazole therapy.
2018, 42(2): 192-195.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2018.02.018
Abstract:
Diffuse peritoneal lesions can be divided into two types, that include inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. The most common form of the former is tuberculous peritonitis. The most common malignant disease of peritoneal is metastatic tumor, followed by primary peritoneal tumors including peritoneal cancer, mesothelioma and lymphoma. Its differential diagnosis has been difficult in clinical work due to diffuse peritoneal lesions involve multiple kinds of diseases and their imaging features are extremely complex. The author selected two common cases of diffuse peritoneal lesions, which are tuberculosis of peritoneum and primary peritoneal cancer. We analyzed their clinical characteristics and imaging features of 18F-FDG PET/CT, in order to help with diagnosis and differentiation of the diffuse peritoneal lesions in clinical practice.
Diffuse peritoneal lesions can be divided into two types, that include inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. The most common form of the former is tuberculous peritonitis. The most common malignant disease of peritoneal is metastatic tumor, followed by primary peritoneal tumors including peritoneal cancer, mesothelioma and lymphoma. Its differential diagnosis has been difficult in clinical work due to diffuse peritoneal lesions involve multiple kinds of diseases and their imaging features are extremely complex. The author selected two common cases of diffuse peritoneal lesions, which are tuberculosis of peritoneum and primary peritoneal cancer. We analyzed their clinical characteristics and imaging features of 18F-FDG PET/CT, in order to help with diagnosis and differentiation of the diffuse peritoneal lesions in clinical practice.
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