2014 Vol. 38, No. 6
column
Display Method:
2014, 38(6): 351-355.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.001
[PDF 625KB]
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the mechanism of combined effects of recombinant adenovirus-mediated retinoblastoma gene 94(Ad-Rb94)with γ-ray radiation on inhibiting the growth of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Methods HT29 cells were transfected by Ad-Rb94 and irradiated by 4 Gy 137Cs γ-ray 12 h after transfection. The cohorts were divided into five groups:blank control, Ad-LacZ, Ad-Rb94, radiation and Ad-Rb94 combined with radiation. The cells growth curve of HT29 cells was detected by MTT assay. Changes of cell cycle and cell apoptosis in HT29 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results The growth of cells treated with Ad-Rb94 or radiation alone was all inhibited when Ad-Rb94 was transfected effectively into HT29 cells. The growth of HT29 cells treated with radiation or combination of Ad-Rb94 and radiation was slower than that of blank control and Ad-lacZ at 4 d after transfection. The growth of HT29 cells treated with combination of Ad-Rb94 and radiation resulted in greater inhibition compared with that of Ad-Rb94 or radiation alone(t=15.02 and 17.30, P < 0.01). Cell cycle data showed that HT29 cells treated with radiation were arrested at G2 phase, and there were significant differences compared with that of blank control, Ad-lacZ and Ad-Rb94(t=18.65, 15.23 and 16.38, P < 0.01). Cells treated with combination of Ad-Rb94 and radiation arrested at G2 phases increasingly, reached 40%, significantly higher than that of radiation alone(t=7.78, P < 0.05). Cells apoptosis data showed that the apoptosis ratio of HT29 cells treated with Ad-Rb94 or radiation was markedly increased compared with that of blank control(t=16.19 and 10.72, P < 0.01). Cells apoptosis ratio of HT29 cells treated with combination of Ad-Rb94 and radiation was the highest, reached 21%, and there were significant differences compared with that of Ad-Rb94 or radiation alone(t=6.17 and 9.25, P < 0.05). Conclusion The recombinant Ad-Rb94 transfection combined with radiation shows synergism for the suppression of colorectal cancer cells growth. Retard the cell in G2 phase and promote cells apoptosis is may be the main mechanism.
2014, 38(6): 356-359.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.002
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the suitable method of establishing the hypoxic SKOV3 cellular model in the research of radiotherapy sensitizer. Methods Human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 were divided into three groups:normoxic control group, cobalt chloride group and environmental hypoxia group. Cell proliferation of each group 72 h after single X-ray irradiation(0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy)were detected by MTT assay. Results Cell proliferation of non-irradiated cells in cobalt chloride group and environmental hypoxia group were significantly lower than that in normoxic control group(t=24.789, 196.960, both P < 0.01). Cell viability of the cells in normoxic control group and cobalt chloride group were significantly decreased after receiving a single X-ray irradiation of different doses compared with non-irradiated cells in the same group(F=2263.039, 3672.044, both P < 0.01) and their cell viability were decreased with the increase of radiation dose, while environmental hypoxia group had no significant change(F=1.412, P > 0.05). The cell viability of irradiated cells in environmental hypoxia group were significantly higher than the irradiated cells with the same radiation in normoxic control group and cobalt chloride group(2 Gy:F=61.125;4 Gy:F=181.825;6 Gy:F=373.830;8 Gy:F=2425.510, all P < 0.01). Conclusions Cells in environmental hypoxia group were very resistant to radiation. Their radiation sensitivity strikingly decreased and the killing effect of radiation on them was weak. The hypoxic cellular model of environmental hypoxia group was obviously superior to cobalt chloride group. Environmental hypoxia method was more suitable to establish the hypoxic SKOV3 cellular model in the research of radiotherapy sensitizer compared with cobalt chloride.
2014, 38(6): 360-362, 386.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.003
Abstract:
Objective To achieve some better 13N-NH3·H2O imaging by confirming the relevant parameters of Sumitomo HM-10 cyclotron and optimizing Sumitomo CLC module. Methods Sumitomo HM-10 cyclotron beam size, bombed target time and ethanol content for removing of the radicals were optimized to improve the efficiency of chemical reactions. Using cation exchange column(CM column) to absorb the target water and optimizing the purification process to make high purity 13N-NH3·H2O. Multiple absorbed purification were finished by only one CM column(about 3 times). Results After 10 mmol/L ethanol was bombarded by 30 μA beam for 11 min, 27 batches of 13N-NH3·H2O were synthesized, with a yield abou 925 MBq and the radiochemical purity and chemical purity both over 99%. The myocardial perfusion imaging showed a good result when the big dog was injected by 13N-NH3·H2O. Conclusions After optimizing cyclotron reaction conditions and micro-step improving Sumitomo CLC purification module, stable yield and better imaging of 13N-NH3·H2O was obtained, which can meet the experimental or clinical requirements.
2014, 38(6): 363-367.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.004
Abstract:
Objective To estimate the residual activities of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) after administration of 131I for post-operative therapy. Methods Thirty-five DTC patients were divided into thyroid remnant 131I ablation therapy group(20 cases)and 131I treatment for metastatic lesions group(15 cases). 131I whole body scan and the determination of equivalent dose rate at 1 meter point were performed to estimate multi-temporal residual activities in each patient 2, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after administration of therapeutic doses of 131I, respectively. The percentage of residual activities was indirectly estimated in vivo through ratio of multi-temporal calculation of radioactive counts on 131I whole body imaging versus that at 2 h(radioactive counts on 131I whole body imaging and 131I activity at 2 h were regarded as total counts and activities), and furthermore the equivalent dose rate at 1 meter point was indirectly estimated when the residual activities reach to 400 MBq. Correlation and regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between residual activities and the equivalent dose rate at 1 m. Statistical significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Results The percentage of residual activities were 99%±4%, 86%±6%, 35%±10%, 12%±8%, 7%±8% in thyroid remnant 131I ablation therapy group, and 99%±1%, 91%±7%, 47%±17%, 11%±9% and 4%±6% in 131I treatment for metastatic lesions group at 2, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after administration of 131I, respectively. The equivalent dose rates at 1 m point were(157±37), (120±36), (35±13), (11±9) and (9±11) μSv/h in thyroid remnant 131I ablation therapy group and (234±43), (186±51), (49±20), (12±11) and (4±6) μSv/h in 131I treatment for metastatic lesions group at 2, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after administration of 131I, respectively. There is a positive correlation between residual activities and equivalent dose rate at 1 m(r=0.87, P < 0.001). The residual activities were(432±292), (265±281) MBq 48 and 72 h after administration of 131I in thyroid remnant 131I ablation therapy group and (731±701), (277±470) MBq in 131I treatment for metastatic lesions group. At the same point of time, the corresponding range of equivalent dose rate at 1 m was from 8 to 11 μSv/h. Conclusion The in vivo residual activity reaches the national standard of 400 MBq in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer 48~72 h after serving 131I and the range of equivalent dose rate at 1 m was from 8 to 11 μSv/h. At this time, radiation isolation could be discharged.
2014, 38(6): 368-372.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.005
Abstract:
Objective To localize the epileptic focus by means of ictal SPECT and video-electroencephalography(VEEG) patterns to decide whether the combination of them are capable of localizing epileptic focus correctly. Methods The present study was performed in 45 epileptic patients, who showed spike waves during VEEG monitoring when deprived of sleep to provoke seizures, even oral application of clonidine was given when deprivation of sleep was failed in limited time. Technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer(99Tcm-ECD)was injected within 30 s when a clinical sign and/or an typical VEEG discharge was recognized, then brain SPECT was performed after 30 min. In the end, compared the results of ictal SPECT and VEEG in localization. χ2 test was performed by using software SPSS l 9.0. Results Ictal brain SPECT localized in 93.3%(42/45)patients, of whom 95.2%(40/42)patients had single hyperperfusion, and 4.8%(2/42)had multiple hyperperfusion. VEEG showed partial seizures in 68.9%(31/45) patients, and 31.1%(14/45)patients showed generalized spike waves. The relationship of ictal SPECT and VEEG in localizing epileptic focus was turned out as following:Firstly, the consistency of ictal SPECT and VEEG is 83.9%(26/31)in partial seizure, as for generalized tonic-clonic seizure, VEEG showed generalized spike waves, and ictal brain SPECT declared single hyperperfusion, therefore, the localization of them was different. The consistency of partial seizure was significantly higher than that of generalized tonic-clonic seizure(χ2=24.478, P < 0.05). Conclusions The consistency of ictal SPECT and VEEG in localization has something to do with epilepsy categories. The study indicates that it is possible to obtain localization in patients with partial seizures using a combination of ictal SPECT and VEEG patterns, as for generalized tonic-clonic seizure, the combination of them is not enough and it's imperative to use other techniques.
2014, 38(6): 373-376.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.006
Abstract:
Objective To study the value of tumor vein detected by susceptibility weighted imaging(SWI) in evaluation of glioma grade. Methods Thirty-nine cases of gliomas were confirmed pathologically, including 18 cases of low-grade gliomas(WHOⅠ-Ⅱgrade) and 21 cases of high-grade gliomas(WHO Ⅲ - Ⅳ grade). All cases were underwent routine MR series and SWI scanning, and SWI images were obtained with minimum intensity projection on GE ADW 4.2 work-station. SWI images were observed, and veins within glioma were scored to analyze its statistical difference, and the correlation between tumor vein scores and glioma grade was also analyzed. Results On SWI, tumor vein detection rate was 28% in low-grade gliomas group, and 100% in high-grade gliomas group, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=22.750, P < 0.01); Among the 18 cases of low-grade gliomas, the tumor vein score was 0 point in 13 cases(72%) and 1 point in 5 cases(28%), while it was 1 piont in 4 cases(19%) and 2 point in 17 cases(81%) among the 21 cases of high-grade gliomas. There was significant difference between two gliomas(Z=-5.411, P < 0.01); The tumor vein score was positively correlated with the pathological grade(r=0.878, P < 0.01). Conclusion SWI had remarkable auxiliary benefit in grading of glioma by observing intratumoral veins.
2014, 38(6): 377-380, 391.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.007
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the value of chemotherapy combined with dendritic cell-cytokine induced killer (DC-CIK) bio-treatment in the treatmeat of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and to estimate the therapeutic results by multislice spiral CT lung perfusion. Methods 30 cases of NSCLC patients who aged between 60 to 81 were collected, half male and half female, with an average age of 70.5±2.1. The patients were randomly divided into the treatment(n=15) and control groups(n=15). The control group was treated with oxaliplatin + docetaxel chemotherapy, and the treatment group increased DC-CIK biological treatment on this basis. Multislice spiral CT lung perfusion was performed in all of the patients before and after treatment. The clinical response rate(RR)and clinical benefit rate(CBR)were compared between the two groups, and the CT perfusion indices were compared before and after treatment, including blood flow(BF), blood volume(BV), permeability surface(PS), peak time(TP)and mean transit time(MTT). Results The total RR and CBR of the two groups were 70.0% and 96.7%. The RR and CBR in treatment group and control group were 46.7%, 93.3% and 93.3%, 100% respectively. Their differences had great statistical significance in RR between two groups(χ2=9.210, P < 0.05). No significant difference could be observed on the CT perfusion indices before and after treatment in the control group. On the contrary, there were significant changes before and after treatment in the treatment group, which expressed as BF, BV, PS, TP were decreased and MTT was prolonged. There were significant differences between the two groups in CT perfusion indices after treatment. Conclusion Chemotherapy combined with DC-CIK treatment can significantly improve the RR and CBR of non-small cell lung cancer than chemotherapy alone, and multi-slice spiral CT perfusion can effectively evaluate the therapeutic effect.
2014, 38(6): 381-383.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.008
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the classification method of imaging using X-ray defecography in the diagnosis of the prolapse of rectal mucusa. Methods 38 patients(25 females, 13 males; mean age 45 years)who were diagnosed as rectal prolapse by conventional defecography were collected and analyzed. Imagining findings were divided into different degrees according to the domestic and international scholar articles. Results The rectocele imaging findings were divided into three degrees according to the clinical classification. First degree were diagnosed in 8 cases, second degree in 27 cases(2a degree 15 cases, 2b degree 12 cases), third degree in 3 cases. Some patients were complicated with rectocele and other signs. Conclusion Detailed classification of prolapse of rectal mucosa lesions by X-ray defecography may contribute to the designs of clinical treatment.
2014, 38(6): 384-386.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.009
Abstract:
Objective To compare the strengths and weaknesses of chemiluminescence immune assay(CLIA), treponema pallidum particle agglutination test(TPPA), toluidine red unheated serum test(TRUST)in syphilis testing, and choose the appropriate method for clinical syphilis testing. Methods A total of 446 syphilitic and 398 health control were enrolled in this subject. Three kinds of syphilis testing methods(CLIA, TRUST, TPPA) were used to detect treponema pallidum, and the difference and clinical practice of these methods were compared. Results The detection sensitivity of CLIA, TRUST and TPPA were 98.2%, 80.3% and 94.8%, respectively; While the specificity of CLIA, TRUST and TPPA were 98.5%, 76.4% and 99.7%, respectively. The false positive rate of CLIA, TRUST and TPPA in control group were 1.5%, 23.6% and 0.2%, respectively. Conclusions Compared with TPPA, the sensitivity of CLIA were higher. CLIA was well reproducible and easy to operate, which can be used for syphilis screening. And the positive samples should be combined with TPPA results and clinical symptoms to diagnose TP. The TRUST method is mainly used to evaluate clinical effects of syphilis.
2014, 38(6): 387-391.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.010
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging in indeterminate lesions on 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan in patients with breast cancer. Methods 210 bone lesions of 132 patients with breast cancer, for whom the natures of the lesions were unable to be determined by the 99xTcm-MDP whole-body bone scan, were examined by the SPECT/CT fusion imaging simultaneously. The natures of the lesions were eventually confirmed by pathology and clinical follow-up. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of SPECT/CT fusion imaging for diagnosing bone-metastases were calculated. In addition, the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT/CT fusion imaging for bone lesions in various parts of the body was also analyzed. Results ① Of 210 bone lesions, 82 of bone metastases and 112 benign bone lesions were correctly diagnosed by SPECT/CT fusion imaging. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction value and negative prediction value was 92.4%(194/210), 94.3%(82/87), 91.1%(112/123), 88.2%(82/93), 95.7%(112/117), respectively. ②The diagnostic accuracy of 99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT for spinal bone lesions were significantly higher than that for rib lesions(95.9% versus 83.7%, χ2=7.81, P < 0.05). Conclusions ① 92.4% bone lesions in patients with breast cancer, which can not determined on 99Tcm-MDP whole-body bone scan, can be diagnosed by SPECT/CT fusion imaging accurately. ②Diagnositic compliance rate of SPECT/CT fusion imaging is different in different parts with obscure lesion, which is the highest in the spine, the minimum in ribs.
2014, 38(6): 392-397.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.011
Abstract:
Objective To assess the value of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) in diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI), thyroid radioactive iodine uptake(RAIU)and serum parameters in differential diagnosis between Graves disease(GD)and painless thyroiditis(PT). Methods One hundred and two patients with GD and 37 patients with PT were enrolled. Serum thyroid hormones and antibodies were measured, including free triiodothyronine(FT3), free thyroxine(FT4), TSH, thyroid globulin antibody(TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb) and thyrotropin receptor antibody(TRAb). DWI was obtained with a 3.0 T MR scanner, and ADC values were calculated. 24 h later RAIU and thyroid scintigraphy were conducted. Tissue samples were obtained in GD patients(6 cases) after thyroidectomy and in PT patients(2 cases) after biopsy. Pearson bivariate correlation was made. Receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC) were drawn and diagnostic efficacies were determined. Optimal cut-off values were selected, and then sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were assessed. Results ADC, TRAb and RAIU were significantly higher in GD than in PT(t=15.126, 7.226 and 31.574, with all P < 0.01). And they were closely and positively correlated. ROC showed areas under the curves for RAIU, ADC and TRAb were higher than 0.900. RAIU was the best method to differentiate GD from PT. When cutoff value of RAIU was determined as 24.500 %, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were all 100%. The above statistical data were 96.078%, 91.892%, 95.000%, 97.059% and 89.474% for ADC, and 88.235%, 75.676%, 84.892%, 90.909% and 70.000% for TRAb, when the optimal thresholds of 1.837×10-3 mm2/s and 1.350 IU/ml were determined respectively. ADC was better than TRAb. Histopathology results showed that for GD, follicle hyperplasia, follicular epithelial cells hyperplasia, hyper-vascularity and congestive perfusion were characteristic features; while for PT, massive lymphocytic infiltration with hyperplastic germinal center formation and follicle disruption were characteristic features. Conclusions RAIU, DWI and TRAb were all of diagnostic values for differentiation between GD and PT, RAIU was the best method and DWI followed. DWI has great potential for thyroid pathophysiological imaging because it reflects tissue cellularity differences between GD and PT. The principle for RAIU is that it reflects the iodine uptake changes in different diseases.
2014, 38(6): 398-402.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.012
Abstract:
Objective To analysis the 18F-FDG PET/CT features of tuberculous and cancerous diffuse peritoneal lesions and evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing and differentiating the lesions. Methods The 18F-FDG PET/CT features of 10 tuberculous peritonitis, 13 primary serous papillary carcinoma of the peritoneum and 16 peritoneal metastases were retrospectively reviewed, which had been confirmed by clinic and / or histopathology. Four indicators were observed and graded:(1)18F-FDG PET/CT features of parietal peritoneum, greater omentum and mesentery; (2)features of ascites; (3)enlargement of lymph nodes; (4)accompanying signs of other organs. Two sample t test was used to differentiate the 18F-FDG uptake of peritoneal lesions, the density and 18F-FDG concentration of ascites between tuberculous peritonitis and cancerous peritonitis. Results The typical 18F-FDG PET/CT features of tuberculous peritonitis was uniformity thickening of parietal peritoneum, mesenteric and omental stains like change, widely and even distribution of the peritoneal 18F-FDG, while the cancerous peritonitis was obvious uneven thickening of parietal peritoneum, mesenteric and omental nodules and pie-shape changes, uneven distribution of the peritoneal 18F-FDG. The 18F-FDG uptake was increased in all peritoneal lesions, and there are no significant difference between the tuberculous group(SUVmax=12.74±9.75) and the cancerous group(SUVmax=12.45±7.40)(t=0.099, P > 0.05). The density of malignant ascites[CTavg=(11.34±3.55)HU] was obvious lower than tuberculous ascites[CTavg=(14.4±2.37)HU](t=2.5, P < 0.05). The 18F-FDG concentration in malignant ascites(SUVmax=2.10±0.65, T/NT=0.77±0.18)was obvious higher than tuberculous ascites(SUVmax=1.61±0.35, T/NT=0.58±0.12)(t=-2.278, -3.084, both P < 0.05). Conclusion The 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can show the morphology and metabolic changes of peritoneal lesions, and fully display the lesions in the whole body. It is important to analyze 18F-FDG PET/CT features of disuse peritoneal lesions in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosing the diffuse peritoneal lesions.
2014, 38(6): 403-407.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.013
Abstract:
The resistance of malignant tumors to chemotherapy is a major cause of treatment failure. One important mechanism in this resistance is the overexpression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters. The best-characterize member of this superfamily of transporters is P-glycoprotein(P-gp). The qualitative and quantitative ananlysis of P-gp mainly depends on the tissue biopsy or postoperative pathologic tissue in vitro. It is important to find a method of noninvasive and dynamic monitoring tumor multidrug resistance. Many positron imaging agent of P-gp substrates and inhibitors have been researched, and part of them have been researched in clinic. In this review, the current status is summarized on PET imaging and P-gp function.
The resistance of malignant tumors to chemotherapy is a major cause of treatment failure. One important mechanism in this resistance is the overexpression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters. The best-characterize member of this superfamily of transporters is P-glycoprotein(P-gp). The qualitative and quantitative ananlysis of P-gp mainly depends on the tissue biopsy or postoperative pathologic tissue in vitro. It is important to find a method of noninvasive and dynamic monitoring tumor multidrug resistance. Many positron imaging agent of P-gp substrates and inhibitors have been researched, and part of them have been researched in clinic. In this review, the current status is summarized on PET imaging and P-gp function.
2014, 38(6): 408-411.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.014
Abstract:
Radiation therapy occupies an irreplaceable position for cancer therapy. The sensibility of the tumor is a fundamental factor that influences the treatment effectiveness. The drug of radiosensitization can reinforce the radiosensitivity by raising the sensitivity of the tumors in order to decrease the expose dose and the lesion of normal tissue. At present there are cytotoxic drug, targeted drug and Chinese drugs pharmaceutics. This article reviews the mechanism of action, status quo and research progression of the radiosensitization drugs.
Radiation therapy occupies an irreplaceable position for cancer therapy. The sensibility of the tumor is a fundamental factor that influences the treatment effectiveness. The drug of radiosensitization can reinforce the radiosensitivity by raising the sensitivity of the tumors in order to decrease the expose dose and the lesion of normal tissue. At present there are cytotoxic drug, targeted drug and Chinese drugs pharmaceutics. This article reviews the mechanism of action, status quo and research progression of the radiosensitization drugs.
2014, 38(6): 412-415.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.015
Abstract:
The incidence of cancer has surpassed the cardiovascular disease as the first one in China. With the improvement and development of surgical techniques and chemo-radiotherapy, the patient's survival time has been prolonged greatly. On the contrary, long-term and recent complications caused during the tumors treatment process have become one of the main factors which severely influence the quality of life of the patients. Cardiovascular recent and long-term adverse reaction caused by radiation has become the major cause of death in cancer patients especially for thoracic, chest wall and mediastinal tumor(such as Hodgkin′s lymphoma, breast cancer, etc.). And stable animal model is the basis of clinical research of radioactive heart damage which can provide a large number of experiments for the prevention and treatment of radioactive heart damage. For this purpose, the article reviewed the animal model of radioactive heart damage and its characteristics, the improvement and development of the modelling methods, and the concrete application of the model.
The incidence of cancer has surpassed the cardiovascular disease as the first one in China. With the improvement and development of surgical techniques and chemo-radiotherapy, the patient's survival time has been prolonged greatly. On the contrary, long-term and recent complications caused during the tumors treatment process have become one of the main factors which severely influence the quality of life of the patients. Cardiovascular recent and long-term adverse reaction caused by radiation has become the major cause of death in cancer patients especially for thoracic, chest wall and mediastinal tumor(such as Hodgkin′s lymphoma, breast cancer, etc.). And stable animal model is the basis of clinical research of radioactive heart damage which can provide a large number of experiments for the prevention and treatment of radioactive heart damage. For this purpose, the article reviewed the animal model of radioactive heart damage and its characteristics, the improvement and development of the modelling methods, and the concrete application of the model.
2014, 38(6): 416-420, 432.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.016
Abstract:
As gene chip technology helps get a more comprehensive understanding of the differentially expressed genes in cells or tissues induced by ionizing radiation, it has been widely used in the research of radiobiology to screen biomarkers. The peripheral blood nucleated cells are extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation, especially lymphocytes. Therefore, it is important to better understand the gene expression changes of peripheral blood nucleated cells for studying molecular biomarkers of ionizing radiation biodosimetry and building the prediction model to estimate radiation exposures. The paper briefly describes the latest research progress in screening ionizing radiation response genes from peripheral blood by means of gene chip technology as well as building the prediction model using expression changes of screened genes.
As gene chip technology helps get a more comprehensive understanding of the differentially expressed genes in cells or tissues induced by ionizing radiation, it has been widely used in the research of radiobiology to screen biomarkers. The peripheral blood nucleated cells are extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation, especially lymphocytes. Therefore, it is important to better understand the gene expression changes of peripheral blood nucleated cells for studying molecular biomarkers of ionizing radiation biodosimetry and building the prediction model to estimate radiation exposures. The paper briefly describes the latest research progress in screening ionizing radiation response genes from peripheral blood by means of gene chip technology as well as building the prediction model using expression changes of screened genes.
2014, 38(6): 421-426.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.017
Abstract:
Radiation therapy is one of the important treatments for cancer, but human normal tissue is bound to be caused a certain degree of radiation injury by radiation in the process of radiotherapy. Especially in the process of the treatment of chest cancer and head and neck cancer, radioactive cardiovascular damage seriously affects the quality of life of patients. As the tumor incidence increases year by year, more attention is paid to the study of drugs for prevention and treatment of radioactive cardiovascular damage. This paper summarizes recent progress of drugs for prevention and treatment of radioactive injury of circulation system.
Radiation therapy is one of the important treatments for cancer, but human normal tissue is bound to be caused a certain degree of radiation injury by radiation in the process of radiotherapy. Especially in the process of the treatment of chest cancer and head and neck cancer, radioactive cardiovascular damage seriously affects the quality of life of patients. As the tumor incidence increases year by year, more attention is paid to the study of drugs for prevention and treatment of radioactive cardiovascular damage. This paper summarizes recent progress of drugs for prevention and treatment of radioactive injury of circulation system.
2014, 38(6): 427-432.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2014.06.018
Abstract:
Imaging examinations are important in monitoring the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) in breast cancer patients. Mammography is easy to operate, which used to be the predominant imaging procedure used for breast cancer screening. It has great advantage in the detection of calcification, but it is not commonly used in therapeutic evaluation. CT provides high-spatial resolution, clear anatomical structures and powerful reconstruction ability, and the post-processing 3D reconstruction can show cancer more clearly, which could be used for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation. MRI gives various sequence parameters to choose and provides the best soft tissue resolution which can show the small infiltration and inflammatory reaction around the tumor. Ultrasonic examination, as a technique without radioactivity, can show the shapes, structures and blood supplies of tumor sites and lymph node metastasis, and also can used as guidance for intervention procedures. PET/CT has unique advantage in monitoring the response to NAC by observing the changes of tumor metabolism. The image fusion of molecular metabolic changes and anatomical location can offer higher sensibility and specificity in curative effect of NAC, which is more accurate than measuring the tumor size.
Imaging examinations are important in monitoring the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) in breast cancer patients. Mammography is easy to operate, which used to be the predominant imaging procedure used for breast cancer screening. It has great advantage in the detection of calcification, but it is not commonly used in therapeutic evaluation. CT provides high-spatial resolution, clear anatomical structures and powerful reconstruction ability, and the post-processing 3D reconstruction can show cancer more clearly, which could be used for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation. MRI gives various sequence parameters to choose and provides the best soft tissue resolution which can show the small infiltration and inflammatory reaction around the tumor. Ultrasonic examination, as a technique without radioactivity, can show the shapes, structures and blood supplies of tumor sites and lymph node metastasis, and also can used as guidance for intervention procedures. PET/CT has unique advantage in monitoring the response to NAC by observing the changes of tumor metabolism. The image fusion of molecular metabolic changes and anatomical location can offer higher sensibility and specificity in curative effect of NAC, which is more accurate than measuring the tumor size.
Submit
Author Login
Referees
Editor-in-Chief
Editor Center
Email alert
RSS
