2010 Vol. 34, No. 4
Display Method:
2010, 34(4): 193-197.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.001
[PDF 473KB]
Abstract:
Objective To establish a simple and reliable method of making 99Tcm-depreotide by direct labeling.Furthermore, to investigate 99Tcm-depreotide's specific receptor binding properties in vitro with human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549, and to evaluate the potentiality of 99Tcm-depreotide as a somatostatin receptor imaging agent for lung cancer. Methods ① Depreotide was labeled with 99Tcm through a direct labeling using SnCl2as reductant.Compared the labeling efficiency in different pH and temperature, then searched the best labeling method.Assessed the radiochemical purity and stability in vitro.②Using radioreceptor assay, it was observed that 99Tcm-depreotide was incubated with A549 cell and uptake kinetics, then stagnation and half time were compared at different temperature and time points, and that 99Tcm-depreotide was incubated with A549 cell the internalization and surface-bound activity were compared at 37℃ and different time points. Results ① At the same temperature, labeling rate of pH6.0 group was higher than that of pH5.0 and pH7.0 groups.At the same pH, the labeling rate of all of the three different pH experiment groups reduced with increasing temperature from 15℃ to 50℃ in this study.②The uptake rate increased with temperature at the same time point, and the peak time of maximum uptake was 60min at 37℃.The cleaning curves were similar at different temperature, and the half cleaning time at 37℃was 48 min. Conclusions When depreotide was labeled with 99Tcm, the temperature could not be too high(< 15℃) and the pH would better be less than 6.0.99Tcm-depreotid was a potential somatostatin receptor imaging agent with its appropriate the peak time of maximum uptake and the half cleaning time at37℃.
2010, 34(4): 198-202.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.002
Abstract:
The use of molecular imaging reporter gene systems has allowed gene therapy to move from the laboratory to the clinical application, which provides methodology to monitor the expression of therapeutic gene noninvasively and achieve quantitative outcome in vivo.Recently, the radionuclide reporter gene stillis the focus of many studies, but MRI and optical reporter gene have gradually played a important part in reporter gene systems.On the basis of combination of multi-subject, for example applied chemistry and molecular biology, more and more new modified reporter genes and molecular probes have spread out.This paper mainly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of reporter gene system and development trends.
The use of molecular imaging reporter gene systems has allowed gene therapy to move from the laboratory to the clinical application, which provides methodology to monitor the expression of therapeutic gene noninvasively and achieve quantitative outcome in vivo.Recently, the radionuclide reporter gene stillis the focus of many studies, but MRI and optical reporter gene have gradually played a important part in reporter gene systems.On the basis of combination of multi-subject, for example applied chemistry and molecular biology, more and more new modified reporter genes and molecular probes have spread out.This paper mainly introduces the advantages and disadvantages of reporter gene system and development trends.
2010, 34(4): 203-205.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.003
Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus is a common and frequently occurring disease which seriously threaten the health of human beings.Type 1 and type 2 diabetes respectively results from being destroyed and insufficient beta-cell mass.The associated symptoms appear until 50%-60%decrease of beta-cell mass.Because pancreas is deeply located in the body, with few beta-cell mass, the current methods of clinical diagnosis are invasive and late.So diagnosis of metabolism disease of beta-cell early and non-invasively becomes more and more popular, imaging diagnosis of diabetes mellitus becomes the focus of researches, but how to estimate the mass of beta-cellis still an important subject in imaging technology.
Diabetes mellitus is a common and frequently occurring disease which seriously threaten the health of human beings.Type 1 and type 2 diabetes respectively results from being destroyed and insufficient beta-cell mass.The associated symptoms appear until 50%-60%decrease of beta-cell mass.Because pancreas is deeply located in the body, with few beta-cell mass, the current methods of clinical diagnosis are invasive and late.So diagnosis of metabolism disease of beta-cell early and non-invasively becomes more and more popular, imaging diagnosis of diabetes mellitus becomes the focus of researches, but how to estimate the mass of beta-cellis still an important subject in imaging technology.
2010, 34(4): 206-208, 219.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.004
Abstract:
The promoter of early growth response gene-1(Egr-1) is a cis-acting element of Egr-1, and its activity is regulated by inducers such as ionizing radiation, free radical.In designated gene-radiotherapy system, radiation combined with therapeutic gene (such as tumor necrosis factor-αgene, suicide gene) can spatially and temporally regulate therapeutic gene expression in the irradiated field, produced a marked effect, while little systemic toxicities were observed.The combination of radiotherapy and gene therapy is promising in tumor therapy.
The promoter of early growth response gene-1(Egr-1) is a cis-acting element of Egr-1, and its activity is regulated by inducers such as ionizing radiation, free radical.In designated gene-radiotherapy system, radiation combined with therapeutic gene (such as tumor necrosis factor-αgene, suicide gene) can spatially and temporally regulate therapeutic gene expression in the irradiated field, produced a marked effect, while little systemic toxicities were observed.The combination of radiotherapy and gene therapy is promising in tumor therapy.
2010, 34(4): 209-211.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.005
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the value of PET-CT in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer. Methods The morphologic characteristics and standardized uptake value (SUV) of 70 patients with lung cancer proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 70 cases, 32 cases were squamous carcinoma, 25 cases were adenocarcinoma, 8 cases were small cell lung cancer, 3 cases were adenosquamous carcinoma and 2 cases were megacell lung cancer.The average SUV of the lung cancer was 4.94±1.53.In the group of lung cancer, hypermetabolic lesions were found in 66 cases and the SUV was more than 2.5 while the SUV was less than 2.5 in 4 cases.Positive correlation was showed in the SUV and the size of tumors. Conclusions The peripheral lung cancer has its special imaging appearances of PET-CT.PET-CT is an excellent modality in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer.The SUV combining with morphological findings sometimes may be helpful for the differential diagnosis.
2010, 34(4): 212-216.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.006
Abstract:
PET-CT using 18F-FDG is a non-invasive imaging modality which has been recognized as the most important imaging modality in diagnosing, staging, restaging, therapy monitoring and follow-up of cancer patients, especially in metastatic colorectal cancer.PET-CT combines functional and anatomical imaging to improve sensitivity and specificity of whole-body imaging and provides incremental diagnostic value over PET or CT alone.Nowadays, applications of PET-CT imaging in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer mainly included detection and differentiation of malignant and benign liver lesions, determination of appropriate therapeutic strategies and evaluation of treatments.
PET-CT using 18F-FDG is a non-invasive imaging modality which has been recognized as the most important imaging modality in diagnosing, staging, restaging, therapy monitoring and follow-up of cancer patients, especially in metastatic colorectal cancer.PET-CT combines functional and anatomical imaging to improve sensitivity and specificity of whole-body imaging and provides incremental diagnostic value over PET or CT alone.Nowadays, applications of PET-CT imaging in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer mainly included detection and differentiation of malignant and benign liver lesions, determination of appropriate therapeutic strategies and evaluation of treatments.
2010, 34(4): 216-219.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.007
Abstract:
With the comprehensive apply of routine imaging techniques in clinic, more and more adrenal accidental tumors were detected.But routine imaging techniques could not confirm all of the adrenal accidental tumors.PET is a promising functional imaging modality and can differentiate correctly the benign and malignant adrenal tumors.Application of PET in clinic is gradually increased, and the advance of PET tracer improves its value.
With the comprehensive apply of routine imaging techniques in clinic, more and more adrenal accidental tumors were detected.But routine imaging techniques could not confirm all of the adrenal accidental tumors.PET is a promising functional imaging modality and can differentiate correctly the benign and malignant adrenal tumors.Application of PET in clinic is gradually increased, and the advance of PET tracer improves its value.
2010, 34(4): 220-222.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.008
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of 89Sr in treatment of multiple bone metastases of breast and prostate cancer patients. Methods Seventy multiple bone metastases patients (30 females with breast cancer and 40 males with prostate cancer) were treated with 89Sr.The clinical effectiveness was assessed by Karnofsky performance score and whole body bone scanning data. Results The totalpain reliefrate was 79% in bone metastases of breast cancer and 85%in bone metastases of prostate cancer, respectively.There was no significant differences between the two groups(χ2=0.78, P > 0.05).The Karnofsky score was significantly improved in both groups(t=2.46, P < 0.05; t=2.68, P < 0.05).The bone marrow depression and the damage of liver and kidney were not observed in the two groups. Conclusion The analgesic effect of 89Sr treatment was good, and the quality of life was improved in patients with multiple bone metastases breast or prostate cancer.
2010, 34(4): 223-225.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.009
Abstract:
Objective To study clinical application of sera thyroid hormone in diagnosis and therapy on cornary heart disease(CHD)heart failure, acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and pulmonary heart disease. Methods Determined the changes of serum triiodothyronine(T3), tetraiodothyronine(T4), free triiodothyronine(FT3), free tetraiodothyronine(FT4), thyroidstimulating hormone(TSH), reverse triiodothyronine(rT3) and T3/ rT3levels in 150 cases patients with CHD heart failure, 86 cases patients with AMI, 103 cases patients with pulmonary heart disease and 47 cases normal controls by chemiluminescent measurement. Results The serum levels of T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, rT3 and T3/rT3in CHD heart failure, AMI pulmonary heart disease were compared with normal controls.Serum T4, FT4 and TSH levels were not different between above patients and normal controls(t=2.120, 2.214, 4.356, P < 0.05), but the serum T3, FT3 and T3/rT3were significantly decreased than those of normal controls(t=2.256, 4.416, 4.512, P < 0.05).The serum rT3levels were significantly increased those of than normal controls(t=1.781, 1.813, 1.754, P > 0.05).The serum T3, FT3 and T3/ rT3levels were significantly decreased in patient with CHD heart failure severity.But the serum rT3levels was significantly increased. Conclusion The present study showed that change of serum T3, FT 3and T3/rT3levels in patients with CHD heart failure, AMI and pulmonary heart disease were inpartant marker and could reflect the severity of disease and used as diagnostic or treatment indicators.
2010, 34(4): 226-229.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.010
Abstract:
Objective To study the methodology for calculating daily urine intake excretion fraction of 131Iin differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)patients underwent thyroidectomy. Methods Simplified the current 131I compartment model with a normal thyroid.A new model was developed for calculating 131I activity excreted by urine of DTC patients.To verifiy the new method, 20 DTC patients treated with 131I therapy after thyroidectomy were investigated by measuring their daily urinary radioactivities of 131I during isolation period in this study. Results Daily urine intake excretion fractions were estimated to be 58.2%and 79.3%for the first day and 5 d respectively; the mean value for intake excretion fractions in the 20 DTC patients were 57.9% and 79.9%for the first day and 5 d respectively. Conclusions In good agreement with experimental results, the new method developed in this study was applicable to estimate the urine radioactivity intake excretion fractions of DTC patients underwent thyroidectomy.With the knowledge of daily urine intake excretion fractions, the isolation and urine storage time of DTC patients can be confirmed.
2010, 34(4): 230-234.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.011
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the performance specification of PHILIPS GEMINI GXL16 PETCT through the acceptance tests. Methods Acceptance tests of GEMINI GXL16 PET-CT consist of PET performance measurements and the precise measurement of imaging fusion.The performance measurement of PET was based on NEMA standard(NU 2-2001 version). Results Spatial resolution(FWHM, mm)was 6.06/ 6.44(axial, 2D/3D)and 4.65/5.98(tansverse, 2D/3D).Scatter fraction(SF)was 34.27%.Energy resolution was 18%.Sensitivity(counts·s-1·MBq-1)was 8312/8472(center/10cm).Noise equivalent count rate was 53.29 kcps.The phantom imaging can recognize small sphere with diameter 10 mm and the imaging fusion was precise. Conclusion The PET measurement results of the PET-CT met the requirement of manufacture's standard, therefore acceptance test was approved.
2010, 34(4): 235-237.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.012
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the structural and functional changes of heart in elderly soldiers who was working with radiation producing equipments.The involvement of cardiovascular system in radiation and its intensity was investigated in this study. Methods Fifty elderly males(> 60 years old)who were exposed to radiation producing equipments(exposure group)and 50 elderly(> 60 years old)retired male commanders with out radiation exposure history(control group)were enrolled in this study.Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac structure and function was conducted with Siemens Sonline G60 ultrasound system.12-lead electrocardiogram(ECG)and routine physical examination had also been done in both groups. Results Ejection fraction, minor axis reduced rate had no distinct difference between exposure group and control group(t= 1.52 and t=1.68, P > 0.05).Cardiac output, cardiac stroke volume, stroke index, ventricular diastolic flow velocity E/A ratios in exposure group were lower than control group(t=11.81, t=7.11, t=7.34 and t=7.88, p < 0.001); left atrial and ventricular expansion is larger in exposure group (t=4.85, p < 0.01; t=6.61, p < 0.001); also, higher rates of ECG abnormalities was found in exposure group(χ2=9.72 andχ2=5.19, P < 0.05). Conclusion Chronic low dose radiation may have effects on the cardiovascular sys-tem, so dynamic monitoring of changes in cardiac structure and function is worth on the safety and health for persons who may exposure to radiation and help to prevent early and long-term effects of radiation.
2010, 34(4): 237-241.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.013
Abstract:
Chemoradiotherapy is the main treatment option for most locally advanced unrespectable lung cancer, esophageal cancer and other chest cancer.But cure-related lung injury becomes one of the main constraint factors, and also affects the patients'quality of life, even threatening their lives.This paper reviews the progress of research on chemoradio therapy-related lung injury in the pathogenesis, pathology, imaging and treatment.
Chemoradiotherapy is the main treatment option for most locally advanced unrespectable lung cancer, esophageal cancer and other chest cancer.But cure-related lung injury becomes one of the main constraint factors, and also affects the patients'quality of life, even threatening their lives.This paper reviews the progress of research on chemoradio therapy-related lung injury in the pathogenesis, pathology, imaging and treatment.
2010, 34(4): 242-246, 249.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.014
Abstract:
Breast cancer is a serious impact on women's physical and mental health and a life-threatening common disease.Imaging examinations have great significances in diagnosing and evaluating curative effect on breast cancer.This article aims to introduce and comprehensive the value of diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of breast cancer in the context of imaging examinations(ultrasonography, mammography, breast CT, breast MRI, breast 99Tcm-MIBI imaging, PET, PET-CT, etc).
Breast cancer is a serious impact on women's physical and mental health and a life-threatening common disease.Imaging examinations have great significances in diagnosing and evaluating curative effect on breast cancer.This article aims to introduce and comprehensive the value of diagnosis and curative effect evaluation of breast cancer in the context of imaging examinations(ultrasonography, mammography, breast CT, breast MRI, breast 99Tcm-MIBI imaging, PET, PET-CT, etc).
2010, 34(4): 247-249.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.015
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the value of non-enhanced spiral CT for upper urinary tract calculi pneumatic lithotripsy(PL)and provide more scientific basis for clinical treatments. Methods Ninetythree PL treatment of patients with upper urinary tract stones were divided into A, B, C three groups according to the PL times.The average CT values were comparatively analyzed. Results The average CT values have a statistically significant difference(F=43.271, P=0.000). Conclusions Patients with upper urinary tract stones before the average CT value can be used to estimate the difficulty of lithotripsy.In the choice of treatment times and programs, it should be comprehensive analysis of stone location, quantity, level of operator, equipment performance, patient tolerance and other factors.For the fragile factor of stone, it recommend that when CT value < 900 HU and size of stones suitable(maximum diameter < 2 cm), when the preferred PL, when the CT value > 1200 HU and larger(maximum diameter > 2.5 cm)or more than four multiple stones surgery should be selected.
2010, 34(4): 250-255.
doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4114.2010.04.016
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate what is the optimum radiation technique for parotid tumors postoperative radiotherapy to achieve dose uniformity and protection organs at risk. Methods Dose distribution of different plans were calculated and compared for 8 patients treated in our hospital.In each case, the dose of 95%PTV was prescribed to 60 Gy/30 fractions.The conventional radiotherapy, 2-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(2D-CRT), 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy(IMRT) planning are designed.The dose conformity, uniformity index and dose sparing of organs at risk of all plans were compared. Results The 2D-CRT plan of dose calculated depth 3.5 cm with 1∶2 dose radio of photon and 12 MeV electron beams showed better dose target coverage and uniformity with lower sparing dose of organs at risk.Compared to the 2D-CRT, conventional radiotheraphy plan could cover targetdrawn in CT slice.The IMRT plans were more preferable in achieving better dose conformity with lower sparing dose of majority organs at risk than that of the 2D-CRT and 3D-CRT. Conclusions The 2DCRT plan of photon and electron beams mixture with depth of dose calculated 3.5 cm and 1∶2 dose radio of photon and 12 MeV electron beams may be suitable to get a better coverage and uniformity for parotid tumors postoperative radiotherapy.In practice, we recommended to use treatment planning system to select the opti-mum plan for any patient.The conventional radiotheraphy field according to anatomic marker could get a better target coverage.The IMRT plan have best conformity and uniformity with a lower sparing dose of organs at risk.The IMRT technique should be used extensively for parotid tumors postoperative radiotherapy in future.
Submit
Author Login
Referees
Editor-in-Chief
Editor Center
Email alert
RSS
