2006 Vol. 30, No. 3
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2006, 30(3): 129-131.
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Abstract:
Objective To investigate the photographic distribution of anti-P-gp monoclonal antibody PHMA02 in nude mice transplanted with K562/A02 cell tumor.Methods PHMA02 were prepared by hy-bridoma technique, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis and Western-blot were used to analyzed its purity, fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS) was also used to determine its binding with K562 and K562/A02 cells. Nude mice were injected i.v with 125I labeled PHMA02, and were scanned on dif-ferent time by SPECT.Results The purity and binding affinity of PHMA02 were both satisfactory. On the second day from injection, radioactivity appeared in all tumor regions of the P-gp+(K562/A02) group nude mice, and intensified in the following days.Concludsion The photographic difference of PHMA02 distribu-tion between P-gp+(K562/A02) and P-gp-(K562) group could specifically distinguish the P-gp+ tumor tissue.
Objective To investigate the photographic distribution of anti-P-gp monoclonal antibody PHMA02 in nude mice transplanted with K562/A02 cell tumor.Methods PHMA02 were prepared by hy-bridoma technique, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis and Western-blot were used to analyzed its purity, fluorescence-activated cell sorting(FACS) was also used to determine its binding with K562 and K562/A02 cells. Nude mice were injected i.v with 125I labeled PHMA02, and were scanned on dif-ferent time by SPECT.Results The purity and binding affinity of PHMA02 were both satisfactory. On the second day from injection, radioactivity appeared in all tumor regions of the P-gp+(K562/A02) group nude mice, and intensified in the following days.Concludsion The photographic difference of PHMA02 distribu-tion between P-gp+(K562/A02) and P-gp-(K562) group could specifically distinguish the P-gp+ tumor tissue.
2006, 30(3): 132-136.
Abstract:
Little has been recognized about the advanced brain function. Recent years several new techniques such as event-related potentials, megnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) have been used in the study of brain function. The methodology, application study in normal people and clinical patients of PET in brain function are reviewed.
Little has been recognized about the advanced brain function. Recent years several new techniques such as event-related potentials, megnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) have been used in the study of brain function. The methodology, application study in normal people and clinical patients of PET in brain function are reviewed.
2006, 30(3): 136-138.
Abstract:
The sigma receptor is a class of non-opiate receptor. It is overexpressed in a wide variety of human tumor such as malignant melanoma, neural, breast, prostate and lung cancer, while being highly restricted in most normal tissues. The studies of sigma receptor in the isoforms, functionsv, distribution, ligand and application in tumor nuclear medicine will be helpful in the early diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
The sigma receptor is a class of non-opiate receptor. It is overexpressed in a wide variety of human tumor such as malignant melanoma, neural, breast, prostate and lung cancer, while being highly restricted in most normal tissues. The studies of sigma receptor in the isoforms, functionsv, distribution, ligand and application in tumor nuclear medicine will be helpful in the early diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
2006, 30(3): 139-141.
Abstract:
Molecular imaging for gene therapy and gene expression has been more and more attractive, while the use of gene therapy has been widely investigated and intense research have allowed it to the clinical setting in the last two-decade years. In vivo imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) by combination of appropriate PET reporter gene and PET reporter probe could provide qualitative and quantitative information for gene therapy. PET imaging could also obtain some valuable parameters not available by other techniques. This technology is useful to understand the process and development of gene therapy and how to apply it into clinical practice in the future.
Molecular imaging for gene therapy and gene expression has been more and more attractive, while the use of gene therapy has been widely investigated and intense research have allowed it to the clinical setting in the last two-decade years. In vivo imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) by combination of appropriate PET reporter gene and PET reporter probe could provide qualitative and quantitative information for gene therapy. PET imaging could also obtain some valuable parameters not available by other techniques. This technology is useful to understand the process and development of gene therapy and how to apply it into clinical practice in the future.
2006, 30(3): 142-144.
Abstract:
Radionuclide antisense technique, which combined radiation biological effect with antisense therapy, treats polygenic diseases, especially tumors. Antisense oligonucleotide labeled with radionuclide can target abnormal gene specially, thus radiation biological effect takes place in the abnormal part of cells, and does not damage normal part of cells. This will be a new way in the treatment of diseases.
Radionuclide antisense technique, which combined radiation biological effect with antisense therapy, treats polygenic diseases, especially tumors. Antisense oligonucleotide labeled with radionuclide can target abnormal gene specially, thus radiation biological effect takes place in the abnormal part of cells, and does not damage normal part of cells. This will be a new way in the treatment of diseases.
2006, 30(3): 145-147.
Abstract:
Objective To report the method and the value of positron nuclide-18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in radioguided surgery (RGS) in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Intravenously injected 111MBq 18F-FDG into 8 patients with colorectal carcinoma 2 hours before the operation. The detections were processed every hour and lasted five hours from the very beginning of the operations. We detected targets of tumors (T) and normal tissue (NT) by using a portable gamma-detecting probe. Additionally, we detected the proximal and distal edge of excised specimens, the tissue of colon wall 2cm to upper and lower edges of primary tumors of specimens, the lymph nodes of specimens. We were able to find the optimal time for posiron radioguidocl surgery (PRGS). Choosing the positive criterion T/NT ≥ 1.5, We were able to calculate the sensitivity of PRGS of the primary tumor, the specificity of colon wall tissue and excised edge, the sensitivity and specificity of lymph nodes.Results The optimal time for PRGS is the 5th~6th hour after intravenous injection of the 18F-FDG. The sensitivity of primary tumor detection is 100%. The specificity of colon wall tissue and excised edge is 71.9%. The sensitivity and specificity of lymph nodes detections are 83.3% and 68.9%.Conclusion PRGS had high sensitivity and specificity in judging the infiltrating range and lymph nodes metastasis in colorectal carcinoma.
Objective To report the method and the value of positron nuclide-18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in radioguided surgery (RGS) in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Intravenously injected 111MBq 18F-FDG into 8 patients with colorectal carcinoma 2 hours before the operation. The detections were processed every hour and lasted five hours from the very beginning of the operations. We detected targets of tumors (T) and normal tissue (NT) by using a portable gamma-detecting probe. Additionally, we detected the proximal and distal edge of excised specimens, the tissue of colon wall 2cm to upper and lower edges of primary tumors of specimens, the lymph nodes of specimens. We were able to find the optimal time for posiron radioguidocl surgery (PRGS). Choosing the positive criterion T/NT ≥ 1.5, We were able to calculate the sensitivity of PRGS of the primary tumor, the specificity of colon wall tissue and excised edge, the sensitivity and specificity of lymph nodes.Results The optimal time for PRGS is the 5th~6th hour after intravenous injection of the 18F-FDG. The sensitivity of primary tumor detection is 100%. The specificity of colon wall tissue and excised edge is 71.9%. The sensitivity and specificity of lymph nodes detections are 83.3% and 68.9%.Conclusion PRGS had high sensitivity and specificity in judging the infiltrating range and lymph nodes metastasis in colorectal carcinoma.
2006, 30(3): 148-151.
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG) PET-CT imaging in detecting breast cancer.Methods 60 patients with suspicious masses underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging, mammography and ultrasonography respectively. The results of the histopathology after surgery were used as diagnostic golden standard. The uptaking of 18F-FDG in the breast masses was analyzed using semiquantitative and qualitative methods. The findings of PET-CT,mammography and ultrasonography in detecting breast cancer were compared.Results 48 malignant and 12 benign breast lesions of the 60 patients were proven histologically after surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value obtained by PET-CT were 93.8%,83.3%,91.7% and 95.7%, respectively, and which were 81.3%,83.3%,81.7%,95.1% and 85.4%,83.3%,85.0%,95.3% with mammography and ultrasonographic. In the diagnostic ability among the three methods there was no significant difference showed(χ2=3.40,P>0.5).Conclusions PET-CT has higher degree of sensitivity, specificily and higher positive predictive value in breast cancer diagnosis and staging comparing to the mammography and ultrasonographic.
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG) PET-CT imaging in detecting breast cancer.Methods 60 patients with suspicious masses underwent 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging, mammography and ultrasonography respectively. The results of the histopathology after surgery were used as diagnostic golden standard. The uptaking of 18F-FDG in the breast masses was analyzed using semiquantitative and qualitative methods. The findings of PET-CT,mammography and ultrasonography in detecting breast cancer were compared.Results 48 malignant and 12 benign breast lesions of the 60 patients were proven histologically after surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value obtained by PET-CT were 93.8%,83.3%,91.7% and 95.7%, respectively, and which were 81.3%,83.3%,81.7%,95.1% and 85.4%,83.3%,85.0%,95.3% with mammography and ultrasonographic. In the diagnostic ability among the three methods there was no significant difference showed(χ2=3.40,P>0.5).Conclusions PET-CT has higher degree of sensitivity, specificily and higher positive predictive value in breast cancer diagnosis and staging comparing to the mammography and ultrasonographic.
2006, 30(3): 151-152.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the clinical curative effects of 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate for Graves disease.Methods Patients with Graves disease took lithium carbonate (250mg, once per day) orally for 5 weeks. Then they were treated with 131I (doses=3.15 MBq(80 uCi)/g, based on 60%~70% of the thyroid size). We kept track from 6 to 24 months (averaging 14 months) and classified the results into three:cured, improved or no effect.Results After a single cycle of 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate, 106 patients with Graves disease were cured, 28 were improved and 8 saw no effects, respectively 74.6%,19.7% and 5.6% among the 142 patients. We then treated 23 of them with another 131I therapy (without lithium carbonate). 10 of such were cured (43.5%), 8 were improved (34.8%) and the other 5 saw no effects. Among all patients, hypothyroidism was observed from 25 (17.6%), 6 months after the first 131I therapy.Conclusions Notable curative results were observed from 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate for Graves disease. Moreover, the dosage of 131I was therefore decreased, which also lowered the toxicity response.
Objective To investigate the clinical curative effects of 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate for Graves disease.Methods Patients with Graves disease took lithium carbonate (250mg, once per day) orally for 5 weeks. Then they were treated with 131I (doses=3.15 MBq(80 uCi)/g, based on 60%~70% of the thyroid size). We kept track from 6 to 24 months (averaging 14 months) and classified the results into three:cured, improved or no effect.Results After a single cycle of 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate, 106 patients with Graves disease were cured, 28 were improved and 8 saw no effects, respectively 74.6%,19.7% and 5.6% among the 142 patients. We then treated 23 of them with another 131I therapy (without lithium carbonate). 10 of such were cured (43.5%), 8 were improved (34.8%) and the other 5 saw no effects. Among all patients, hypothyroidism was observed from 25 (17.6%), 6 months after the first 131I therapy.Conclusions Notable curative results were observed from 131I therapy combined with low-dose lithium carbonate for Graves disease. Moreover, the dosage of 131I was therefore decreased, which also lowered the toxicity response.
2006, 30(3): 153-157.
Abstract:
Radioimmunotherapy(RIT), a kind of internal radiation therapy, can achieve high performance and low toxicity by fewer monoclonal antibodys couple radioactive nuclides, created sufficient ionization biologic effect on tumor. B cell lymphomas has higher relapsed rate, CD20 is the best target of RIT on B cell lymphomas because the expression rate of it on B cell lymphomas is above 90%, and it is not desquamated easily. There are severy drug of RIT, such as 131I-tositumomab, 131I-Rituximab, and 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. Clinical trials indicates they are effective on B cell lymphomas, and safe to non-targetted organs. The main side effects include thrombopenia, neutropenia, gastrointestinal tract response, and hypothyroidism. While satisfied results have attained, many problems are existed. All researchers do their best to resolve there problems for better therapy results.
Radioimmunotherapy(RIT), a kind of internal radiation therapy, can achieve high performance and low toxicity by fewer monoclonal antibodys couple radioactive nuclides, created sufficient ionization biologic effect on tumor. B cell lymphomas has higher relapsed rate, CD20 is the best target of RIT on B cell lymphomas because the expression rate of it on B cell lymphomas is above 90%, and it is not desquamated easily. There are severy drug of RIT, such as 131I-tositumomab, 131I-Rituximab, and 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages. Clinical trials indicates they are effective on B cell lymphomas, and safe to non-targetted organs. The main side effects include thrombopenia, neutropenia, gastrointestinal tract response, and hypothyroidism. While satisfied results have attained, many problems are existed. All researchers do their best to resolve there problems for better therapy results.
2006, 30(3): 157-160.
Abstract:
Fusion image of SPECT and CT on thyroid neoplasms has converged ascendancy of anatomic and functional image, overcome the inherent limitations of conventional single image modalities,and could provide good anatomic and functional data. It has distinct ascendancy in precise localization and qualitation of neoplasms presurgically, in monitoring the response to treatment and for detection recurrence or metastases. Moreover, it is cheap when compared with PET-CT, and can be of great value in clinical application.
Fusion image of SPECT and CT on thyroid neoplasms has converged ascendancy of anatomic and functional image, overcome the inherent limitations of conventional single image modalities,and could provide good anatomic and functional data. It has distinct ascendancy in precise localization and qualitation of neoplasms presurgically, in monitoring the response to treatment and for detection recurrence or metastases. Moreover, it is cheap when compared with PET-CT, and can be of great value in clinical application.
2006, 30(3): 161-162,167.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the valve of 131I-whole body scan (131I-WBS) and thyroglobulin(Tg) on the differentiated thyroid carcinoma with 131I.Methods The first ablation thyroid emnant at after thyroidectomy 4-6 weeks for all patients reseived 131I 1.11 GBq, 1.85 GBq, 2.96 GBq, 3.7 GBq, respratery. The metestases patients retreatment was after 3-6 months, 131I single doses rangging from 4.81-7.40 GBq. All patients were performed 131I-WBS and measured serum Tg.Results 28 patients (71.8%) had successful ablation remnant tissue at first therapy. 11 patients have been found metastases in first thrapy. The effection of tretment were best for patients with lymph metastases, and the patients of lung metastases were better, there was no significant effect for patients with bone metastases. Tg measurements were 20.5% cases inconsistent with 131I-WBS.Conclusions 131I therapy is an effective methoud to treat the patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomatous metastases and enhance the patients' livability. The mensuration of 131I-WBS and Tg should be combined operate to recruit reciprocally.
Objective To investigate the valve of 131I-whole body scan (131I-WBS) and thyroglobulin(Tg) on the differentiated thyroid carcinoma with 131I.Methods The first ablation thyroid emnant at after thyroidectomy 4-6 weeks for all patients reseived 131I 1.11 GBq, 1.85 GBq, 2.96 GBq, 3.7 GBq, respratery. The metestases patients retreatment was after 3-6 months, 131I single doses rangging from 4.81-7.40 GBq. All patients were performed 131I-WBS and measured serum Tg.Results 28 patients (71.8%) had successful ablation remnant tissue at first therapy. 11 patients have been found metastases in first thrapy. The effection of tretment were best for patients with lymph metastases, and the patients of lung metastases were better, there was no significant effect for patients with bone metastases. Tg measurements were 20.5% cases inconsistent with 131I-WBS.Conclusions 131I therapy is an effective methoud to treat the patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomatous metastases and enhance the patients' livability. The mensuration of 131I-WBS and Tg should be combined operate to recruit reciprocally.
2006, 30(3): 163-167.
Abstract:
At present, the study on nuclear medicine functional and metabolic imaging and radioactive seeds implantation is one of the hotspots in oncology therapy. They are provided powerful weapon to oncology therapy. The medicine functional and metabolic imaging is better than CT delineating tumor boundary, so it can provides more exact information in clinical stage grouping of tumor, plan of surgery and planning radiotherapy. It is complementary benefit to CT and MRI. The therapy of radioactive 125I seeds implantation is safe and resultful. It is one of means to comprehensive oncology therapy.
At present, the study on nuclear medicine functional and metabolic imaging and radioactive seeds implantation is one of the hotspots in oncology therapy. They are provided powerful weapon to oncology therapy. The medicine functional and metabolic imaging is better than CT delineating tumor boundary, so it can provides more exact information in clinical stage grouping of tumor, plan of surgery and planning radiotherapy. It is complementary benefit to CT and MRI. The therapy of radioactive 125I seeds implantation is safe and resultful. It is one of means to comprehensive oncology therapy.
2006, 30(3): 168-172.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of hypoxia-targeted suicidal gene therapy system combined with radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer.Methods The recombinant adenovirus Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD was constructed by DNA recombinant technique. Western blot was used to detect hypoxia-induced expression of bacterial cytosine deaminase (BCD). Cell growth inhibition assay was used to determine the sensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cells MIA-PACA2 to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC). Tumor xenograft growth delay assays was used to evaluate the effects of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC combined with radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer.Results Western blot analysis demonstrated that hypoxia-induced BCD protein expression was achieved in MIA-PACA2 cells infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD. With hypoxia treatment, the sensitivity of MIA-PACA2 cells infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD to 5-FC significantly increased. Administration of either Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC or radiotherapy could inhibit the growth of MIA-PACA2 xenografts in nude mice. Moreover, combination of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC could significantly enhance suppressing effects of radiotherapy on MIA-PACA2 xenografts.Conclusion Hypoxia-targeted suicidal gene therapy system Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC could enhance antitumor effects of radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer and can be used as a powerful adjunct to conventional radiotherapy.
Objective To explore the effects of hypoxia-targeted suicidal gene therapy system combined with radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer.Methods The recombinant adenovirus Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD was constructed by DNA recombinant technique. Western blot was used to detect hypoxia-induced expression of bacterial cytosine deaminase (BCD). Cell growth inhibition assay was used to determine the sensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cells MIA-PACA2 to 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC). Tumor xenograft growth delay assays was used to evaluate the effects of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC combined with radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer.Results Western blot analysis demonstrated that hypoxia-induced BCD protein expression was achieved in MIA-PACA2 cells infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD. With hypoxia treatment, the sensitivity of MIA-PACA2 cells infected with Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD to 5-FC significantly increased. Administration of either Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC or radiotherapy could inhibit the growth of MIA-PACA2 xenografts in nude mice. Moreover, combination of Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC could significantly enhance suppressing effects of radiotherapy on MIA-PACA2 xenografts.Conclusion Hypoxia-targeted suicidal gene therapy system Ad-5HRE/hCMVmp-BCD/5-FC could enhance antitumor effects of radiotherapy on pancreatic cancer and can be used as a powerful adjunct to conventional radiotherapy.
2006, 30(3): 173-176.
Abstract:
Acute radiation injury as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy of tumor can lead to different extents of bone marrow aplasia. Some cytokines play an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation by stimulating types of target cells which are at different stages, so that they can protect hematopoietic cells from radiation and improve hematopoiesis. With the development of gene engineering technology, more and more high purity recombinant hematopoietic factors can be caquired, which is vital in the experimental research and clinical therapy of acute radiation injury. Meanwhile, further researches are required to solve the problems in cytokine-based therapy.
Acute radiation injury as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy of tumor can lead to different extents of bone marrow aplasia. Some cytokines play an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation by stimulating types of target cells which are at different stages, so that they can protect hematopoietic cells from radiation and improve hematopoiesis. With the development of gene engineering technology, more and more high purity recombinant hematopoietic factors can be caquired, which is vital in the experimental research and clinical therapy of acute radiation injury. Meanwhile, further researches are required to solve the problems in cytokine-based therapy.
2006, 30(3): 177-180.
Abstract:
In recent years, radiotherapy techniques had been improved significantly, but it is still not so satisfied in the conformal treatment of the lesions that affected by respiratory movement. Respiratory gating is one of the several methods that can compensate the movement of tumors that caused by respiratory. Although both internal and external markers can be used in the gating radiotherapy, it is obvious that internal markers and tumors have good consistency, while external markers and tumors have different consistency:more consistent in abdomen than in thorax. After applying these gating methods, we can compensate the influence of respiratory, delineate the target volume more accurately, and reduce the potential adverse reactions of radiotherapy.
In recent years, radiotherapy techniques had been improved significantly, but it is still not so satisfied in the conformal treatment of the lesions that affected by respiratory movement. Respiratory gating is one of the several methods that can compensate the movement of tumors that caused by respiratory. Although both internal and external markers can be used in the gating radiotherapy, it is obvious that internal markers and tumors have good consistency, while external markers and tumors have different consistency:more consistent in abdomen than in thorax. After applying these gating methods, we can compensate the influence of respiratory, delineate the target volume more accurately, and reduce the potential adverse reactions of radiotherapy.
2006, 30(3): 180-182.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the curative effect and side reaction after 125 I seed implanted among tissue were treated the malignant neoplasm by radiography and chemotherapy.Methods Retrospective analysis the cancerous sufferer after the failure of radiography and chemotherapy, percutaneous puncture or intraoperative under gaze forward 125 I seed were implanted the bed of the tumour forever. Follow-up blood routine examination, symptom, sign, using USG or CT observe the change of the tumour and the distribution of the particles etc.Results In 3 cases, treat 2 cases,tumour reduced obviously, symptoms improved obviously, the face of the ulcer cured, the particles didn't shift, hemogram didn't decline obviously.Conclusion 125I seed among the tissue implanted forever for the unsuccessful case after radiography and chemotherapy supply a new therapeutic methods. In the neat future curative effect is exactly, toxic reaction is small, which can remedy the deficiency of the treatment for radiography and chemotherapy.
Objective To investigate the curative effect and side reaction after 125 I seed implanted among tissue were treated the malignant neoplasm by radiography and chemotherapy.Methods Retrospective analysis the cancerous sufferer after the failure of radiography and chemotherapy, percutaneous puncture or intraoperative under gaze forward 125 I seed were implanted the bed of the tumour forever. Follow-up blood routine examination, symptom, sign, using USG or CT observe the change of the tumour and the distribution of the particles etc.Results In 3 cases, treat 2 cases,tumour reduced obviously, symptoms improved obviously, the face of the ulcer cured, the particles didn't shift, hemogram didn't decline obviously.Conclusion 125I seed among the tissue implanted forever for the unsuccessful case after radiography and chemotherapy supply a new therapeutic methods. In the neat future curative effect is exactly, toxic reaction is small, which can remedy the deficiency of the treatment for radiography and chemotherapy.
2006, 30(3): 182-184.
Abstract:
Cancer of the pancreas remains a formidable challenge in oncology presently. It has unique advantages to treat pancreatic cancer by radioactive seeds because it has many physical and biological characteristics. The seed irradiator designed and built is very efficient and effective and has already been used extensively in radiobiological experiments and the accuracy of dosimetry. From reported clinical results, interstitial brachytherapy for pancreatic cancer can control tumor, relieve pain, improve quality of life and survival. It is an important modality in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Cancer of the pancreas remains a formidable challenge in oncology presently. It has unique advantages to treat pancreatic cancer by radioactive seeds because it has many physical and biological characteristics. The seed irradiator designed and built is very efficient and effective and has already been used extensively in radiobiological experiments and the accuracy of dosimetry. From reported clinical results, interstitial brachytherapy for pancreatic cancer can control tumor, relieve pain, improve quality of life and survival. It is an important modality in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
2006, 30(3): 185-188.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze MRI characteristic features of tuberous sclerosis.Methods There are 14 patients were examined by MR routine scan and 3 patients with enhancement, all patients were proven by clinical examination.Results Subependymal nodules, were detected in all cases, which were most commonly along the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles. Cortical tubers were detected in 10 cases, the patterns of cortical tubers were gyral core lesion and H-shaped lesion on MRI. The abnormal findings of white matter were radial linear or wedge-shaped or irregular type on MR images. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas were detected in 2 cases, renal angiomyolipoma was detected in 1 case.Conclusions MRI is sensitive to find the changes in imaging diagnosis of TSC and is the first choice among the diagnostic imaging modalities. T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and gradient echo sequences are more sensitive to the subependymal nodules than T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). T2WI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are more sensitive to find the cortical tubers and abnormal white matter than T1WI.
Objective To analyze MRI characteristic features of tuberous sclerosis.Methods There are 14 patients were examined by MR routine scan and 3 patients with enhancement, all patients were proven by clinical examination.Results Subependymal nodules, were detected in all cases, which were most commonly along the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles. Cortical tubers were detected in 10 cases, the patterns of cortical tubers were gyral core lesion and H-shaped lesion on MRI. The abnormal findings of white matter were radial linear or wedge-shaped or irregular type on MR images. Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas were detected in 2 cases, renal angiomyolipoma was detected in 1 case.Conclusions MRI is sensitive to find the changes in imaging diagnosis of TSC and is the first choice among the diagnostic imaging modalities. T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and gradient echo sequences are more sensitive to the subependymal nodules than T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). T2WI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) are more sensitive to find the cortical tubers and abnormal white matter than T1WI.
2006, 30(3): 188-192.
Abstract:
In recent years the functional imaging techniques of CT and MR including perfusion imaging have developed fast. Some studies are attempting to evaluate the hepatic function and the hemodynamic characteristics of the hepatic lesions by using CT or MR perfusion imaging. The purpose of this article is to review the recent studies of the applications of CT and MR perfusion imaging to the evaluation of the liver. The main topics are imaging analysis and clinical applications.
In recent years the functional imaging techniques of CT and MR including perfusion imaging have developed fast. Some studies are attempting to evaluate the hepatic function and the hemodynamic characteristics of the hepatic lesions by using CT or MR perfusion imaging. The purpose of this article is to review the recent studies of the applications of CT and MR perfusion imaging to the evaluation of the liver. The main topics are imaging analysis and clinical applications.
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