2002 Vol. 26, No. 6
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2002, 26(6): 241-245.
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Abstract:
This paper outlines general situation of the First Asian and Oceanic Congress for Radiation Protection.It introduces in brief some important presentations,including the country reports from Korea,Australia,China,India and Japan,invited special lectures,presented by Clarke RH (Chairman of ICRP),Gonzalez AJ (IAEA)and UptonAC (NCRP).Besides,symposium reports on prospect of radiation protection and biological effects of EMF are outlined too.Finally,based on distribution comparison between all papers and Chinese papers in different topics,current trend in the world and Chinese position in radiation protection field are reviewed roughly.
This paper outlines general situation of the First Asian and Oceanic Congress for Radiation Protection.It introduces in brief some important presentations,including the country reports from Korea,Australia,China,India and Japan,invited special lectures,presented by Clarke RH (Chairman of ICRP),Gonzalez AJ (IAEA)and UptonAC (NCRP).Besides,symposium reports on prospect of radiation protection and biological effects of EMF are outlined too.Finally,based on distribution comparison between all papers and Chinese papers in different topics,current trend in the world and Chinese position in radiation protection field are reviewed roughly.
2002, 26(6): 246-248.
Abstract:
Radionuclide antisense therapy achieves the joint goals of antisense therapy and internal radioation therapy.There have been a small number of investigations on the radionuclide antisense therapy in tissue culture and in animal studies.Considerable research is required before this novel technique can become a working practice.We reviewed some question and development on the radionuclide antisense therapy,such as selection of the target gene sequence,labelling the antisense oligonucleotide,improvement of the uptake and target of radionuclide antisense oligonucleotides and evaluation of the toxicity of the radionuclide antisense therapy.
Radionuclide antisense therapy achieves the joint goals of antisense therapy and internal radioation therapy.There have been a small number of investigations on the radionuclide antisense therapy in tissue culture and in animal studies.Considerable research is required before this novel technique can become a working practice.We reviewed some question and development on the radionuclide antisense therapy,such as selection of the target gene sequence,labelling the antisense oligonucleotide,improvement of the uptake and target of radionuclide antisense oligonucleotides and evaluation of the toxicity of the radionuclide antisense therapy.
2002, 26(6): 248-252.
Abstract:
Thyroperoxidase (TPO)is a glycosylated protein bound to the apical plasma membrane of thyrocytes.It is the key enzyme in the synthesis of thyroid hormones.Its gene structure and transcriptional regulation have been deeply studied.This article reviews the development of TPO's gene structure,function,transcriptional regulation,the relation-ship between TPO with thyroid diseases and radioactive iodide therapy.
Thyroperoxidase (TPO)is a glycosylated protein bound to the apical plasma membrane of thyrocytes.It is the key enzyme in the synthesis of thyroid hormones.Its gene structure and transcriptional regulation have been deeply studied.This article reviews the development of TPO's gene structure,function,transcriptional regulation,the relation-ship between TPO with thyroid diseases and radioactive iodide therapy.
2002, 26(6): 253-256.
Abstract:
Gene therapy for thyroid cancer include immunotherapy,suicide gene therapy,tumor suppressor replacement,131I therapy by sodium/iodide symporter and antisense therapy and so on.Gene therapy has wide perspectives,but there are many problems need to be solved for clinical application.
Gene therapy for thyroid cancer include immunotherapy,suicide gene therapy,tumor suppressor replacement,131I therapy by sodium/iodide symporter and antisense therapy and so on.Gene therapy has wide perspectives,but there are many problems need to be solved for clinical application.
2002, 26(6): 257-259.
Abstract:
The folate receptor is a membrane protein overexpressed in tumor cells.Two folate receptor isoforms have been identified in humans by the modern molecular biology, α and β.The type α receptor is frequently overexpressed in epithelial-lineaged tumors and the type β in nonepithelial-derived tumors.Both isoforms show a high affinity for folic acid.The folate receptor is overexpressed in approximately 100% of other ovarian carcinomas and a wide variety of other human cancers,including breast,cervical,colorectal and nasopharyngeal tumors,while being highly restricted in most normal tissues.The studies of folate receptor in the isoforms,structures,gene mapping,distribution,ligand and application in trmor nuclear medicine will be helpful in the early diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
The folate receptor is a membrane protein overexpressed in tumor cells.Two folate receptor isoforms have been identified in humans by the modern molecular biology, α and β.The type α receptor is frequently overexpressed in epithelial-lineaged tumors and the type β in nonepithelial-derived tumors.Both isoforms show a high affinity for folic acid.The folate receptor is overexpressed in approximately 100% of other ovarian carcinomas and a wide variety of other human cancers,including breast,cervical,colorectal and nasopharyngeal tumors,while being highly restricted in most normal tissues.The studies of folate receptor in the isoforms,structures,gene mapping,distribution,ligand and application in trmor nuclear medicine will be helpful in the early diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
2002, 26(6): 260-262,267.
Abstract:
Compared with PET imaging,DHC imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of lung cancer,its role including differentiation of malignant lesions from benign ones,staging of malignant lesions,detection of recurrence and monitoring response to therapy.Image fusion is also a beneficial modality for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Compared with PET imaging,DHC imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of lung cancer,its role including differentiation of malignant lesions from benign ones,staging of malignant lesions,detection of recurrence and monitoring response to therapy.Image fusion is also a beneficial modality for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
2002, 26(6): 263-267.
Abstract:
The measurement of the myocardial viability is important to evaluate the prognosis and select the operation pattern of the patients undergoing the coronary bypass surgery.Various techniques have been developed to identify viable myocardium including 18F-FDG PET,18F-FDG SPECT,201Tl SPECT,99Tcm-sestamibi SPECT and fatty acid imaging in the nuclear medicine.The other clinical techniques including the dobutamine stress echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)methods can also assess myocardial viability.
The measurement of the myocardial viability is important to evaluate the prognosis and select the operation pattern of the patients undergoing the coronary bypass surgery.Various techniques have been developed to identify viable myocardium including 18F-FDG PET,18F-FDG SPECT,201Tl SPECT,99Tcm-sestamibi SPECT and fatty acid imaging in the nuclear medicine.The other clinical techniques including the dobutamine stress echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)methods can also assess myocardial viability.
2002, 26(6): 268-270.
Abstract:
Radionuclide imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of ventricular function,myocardial perfusion and viability,etiology,prognosis and therapeutical efficacy of patient with heart failure.
Radionuclide imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of ventricular function,myocardial perfusion and viability,etiology,prognosis and therapeutical efficacy of patient with heart failure.
2002, 26(6): 271-274.
Abstract:
The immune system is extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation.Recently,it has been shown that the apoptosis plays an important role in radiation-induced immune system injury.In this article,we reviewed briefly the latest progress in this field,including the characteristics of radiation-induced immune system injury and apoptosis,gene regulation of apoptosis and the clinical significance to study radiation and apoptosis.
The immune system is extremely sensitive to ionizing radiation.Recently,it has been shown that the apoptosis plays an important role in radiation-induced immune system injury.In this article,we reviewed briefly the latest progress in this field,including the characteristics of radiation-induced immune system injury and apoptosis,gene regulation of apoptosis and the clinical significance to study radiation and apoptosis.
2002, 26(6): 275-277.
Abstract:
It is the hot topic to the heavy ion for its special biophysical characteristics in the tumor radiotherapy in recent years.The experimental studies on biological effects of cultured mammalian cells of heavy ion radiation provide scientific foundation for the optimization of heavy-ion radiotherapy.These researches mainly include:clonogenic cell survival,chromosome damages and double-strand breaks of DNA.
It is the hot topic to the heavy ion for its special biophysical characteristics in the tumor radiotherapy in recent years.The experimental studies on biological effects of cultured mammalian cells of heavy ion radiation provide scientific foundation for the optimization of heavy-ion radiotherapy.These researches mainly include:clonogenic cell survival,chromosome damages and double-strand breaks of DNA.
2002, 26(6): 278-280,284.
Abstract:
Cells regulate cell cycle progression by arresting several checkpoints in response to ionizing radiation,which provides time for them to repair DNA damage,ensures genomic integrity and genetic stability and in turn decreases genetic mutations.Different cells arrest different checkpoints such as G1-,G2- and S-phase checkpoint in response to different ionizing radiations,whereas G2-phase arrest is more prevalent.More attention has been focused on Chk1,Chk2and p53in the study of mechanisms of ionizing-radiation-induced G2 arrest these years.
Cells regulate cell cycle progression by arresting several checkpoints in response to ionizing radiation,which provides time for them to repair DNA damage,ensures genomic integrity and genetic stability and in turn decreases genetic mutations.Different cells arrest different checkpoints such as G1-,G2- and S-phase checkpoint in response to different ionizing radiations,whereas G2-phase arrest is more prevalent.More attention has been focused on Chk1,Chk2and p53in the study of mechanisms of ionizing-radiation-induced G2 arrest these years.
2002, 26(6): 281-284.
Abstract:
There has been more and more attention to the phenomenon known as radiation-induced bystander effects,which will have a tremendous effect on the research in low-dose radiation biological effects.However,due to the stochastic nature of energy deposition and the random position of tracts,direct evidence for bystander effects and exact results of single particle interacts with a cell cannot be provided by using conventional broad-field irradiation.The availability of microbeam,especially the single particle microbeam in the world,whereby individual cells or precise location of cells can be irradiated with either a single or an exact number of particles provides a useful tool for the research on radiation-induced bystander effects.This report describes the radiation-induced bystander effect and the application of microbeam in the research on it.
There has been more and more attention to the phenomenon known as radiation-induced bystander effects,which will have a tremendous effect on the research in low-dose radiation biological effects.However,due to the stochastic nature of energy deposition and the random position of tracts,direct evidence for bystander effects and exact results of single particle interacts with a cell cannot be provided by using conventional broad-field irradiation.The availability of microbeam,especially the single particle microbeam in the world,whereby individual cells or precise location of cells can be irradiated with either a single or an exact number of particles provides a useful tool for the research on radiation-induced bystander effects.This report describes the radiation-induced bystander effect and the application of microbeam in the research on it.
2002, 26(6): 285-287.
Abstract:
Osteoblast is key to remodeling and repairing of bone.This review recommends the effects of physical factors on osteoblast in vitro,including ionizing radiation,pulsed electromagnetic fields,heat treatment,immoblization which have been widely used in the clinic therapy.
Osteoblast is key to remodeling and repairing of bone.This review recommends the effects of physical factors on osteoblast in vitro,including ionizing radiation,pulsed electromagnetic fields,heat treatment,immoblization which have been widely used in the clinic therapy.
2002, 26(6): 288-290.
Abstract:
The radiation-induced damage is important problems in patients of recurrence and second malignant.We need to understand the irradiation tolerance of normal tissue.In this paper,we review the reirradiation tolerance about epithelium and dermal tissues,lung,heart,bladder,kidney,spinal and brain.
The radiation-induced damage is important problems in patients of recurrence and second malignant.We need to understand the irradiation tolerance of normal tissue.In this paper,we review the reirradiation tolerance about epithelium and dermal tissues,lung,heart,bladder,kidney,spinal and brain.
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