2000 Vol. 24, No. 3
Display Method:
2000, 24(3): 97-100.
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Abstract:
At present time, there are two current trends of research on 131I therapy for thyroid diseases. The first is extension of the application on the field of thyroid diseases. Formerly, we use the 131I only on the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease,plummer's disease or toxic nodular goiter as well as thyroid cancer, but now, also for some thyroid diseases with normal thyroid function, such as nontoxic multinodular goiter, simple diffuse goiter even the thyroid cyst. It seems quite rational to use the 131I more widely, because it is really safe, easy and cheaper than others. The second trend is using 131I combined together with other drugs in order to reduce the occurrence of hypothyroidism and enhance the therapeutic effect. Authors call it as combined therapy. Drugs recommended for such therpy are antithyroid drugs, β-adrenergic receptor blocking agents, thyroid hormone, gtucocorticoid as well as Chinese herb drugs and so on.
At present time, there are two current trends of research on 131I therapy for thyroid diseases. The first is extension of the application on the field of thyroid diseases. Formerly, we use the 131I only on the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease,plummer's disease or toxic nodular goiter as well as thyroid cancer, but now, also for some thyroid diseases with normal thyroid function, such as nontoxic multinodular goiter, simple diffuse goiter even the thyroid cyst. It seems quite rational to use the 131I more widely, because it is really safe, easy and cheaper than others. The second trend is using 131I combined together with other drugs in order to reduce the occurrence of hypothyroidism and enhance the therapeutic effect. Authors call it as combined therapy. Drugs recommended for such therpy are antithyroid drugs, β-adrenergic receptor blocking agents, thyroid hormone, gtucocorticoid as well as Chinese herb drugs and so on.
2000, 24(3): 100-103.
Abstract:
RIT treatment planning is improve therapy by collecting patient-specific information (such as the activity distribution) before treatment. Its objective maximizes the dose absorbed by the tumor while minimizing the toxicity to normal tissue. To gain good healing effect in RIT, one needs to determine:the quantity and spatial distribution of the administered radionuclide carrier in the patient over time; the absorbed dose in the tumor sites and critical organs based on this distribution; the volume of tumor and critical organs from CT or MRI and appropriately correlated with nuclear medicine imaging techniques. This article conclude and discuse various RIT treatment planning used present and quantitation of activity, volume determination and calculation of absorbed dose that are used in these treatment planning.
RIT treatment planning is improve therapy by collecting patient-specific information (such as the activity distribution) before treatment. Its objective maximizes the dose absorbed by the tumor while minimizing the toxicity to normal tissue. To gain good healing effect in RIT, one needs to determine:the quantity and spatial distribution of the administered radionuclide carrier in the patient over time; the absorbed dose in the tumor sites and critical organs based on this distribution; the volume of tumor and critical organs from CT or MRI and appropriately correlated with nuclear medicine imaging techniques. This article conclude and discuse various RIT treatment planning used present and quantitation of activity, volume determination and calculation of absorbed dose that are used in these treatment planning.
2000, 24(3): 104-106.
Abstract:
Receptor can specifically bind its ligand with high affinyty.Based on this antisense oligonucleotides(ONs) linked to specific receptor ligand can be targeted to cells which possess specific receptor and enter into these cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis.Adequate intracellular concentrations of antisense ONs can be obtained enough to inhibit target gene expression. Receptors used frequently, formation of ONs delivery complexes, questions required to settle in the process of endocytosis and experiment studies of receptor mediated antisense therapy are concisely introduced in this article.
Receptor can specifically bind its ligand with high affinyty.Based on this antisense oligonucleotides(ONs) linked to specific receptor ligand can be targeted to cells which possess specific receptor and enter into these cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis.Adequate intracellular concentrations of antisense ONs can be obtained enough to inhibit target gene expression. Receptors used frequently, formation of ONs delivery complexes, questions required to settle in the process of endocytosis and experiment studies of receptor mediated antisense therapy are concisely introduced in this article.
2000, 24(3): 107-110.
Abstract:
The therapeutic radionuclides used for bone pain palliation, 89Sr,153Sm,186Re,188Re and 117Snm, were introduced. The production of these nuclides and the application for bone pain palliation have been reviewed. Specific advantages and disadvantages for each of these radionuclides have been discussed.
The therapeutic radionuclides used for bone pain palliation, 89Sr,153Sm,186Re,188Re and 117Snm, were introduced. The production of these nuclides and the application for bone pain palliation have been reviewed. Specific advantages and disadvantages for each of these radionuclides have been discussed.
2000, 24(3): 110-112.
Abstract:
The characteristic of several common radioactive analgesics are compared. Also a greatly expected new drug, 188Re-HEDP is introduced for its superior radio-physical and radio-chemical property. At last, advice is given about the national-wide evaluating standard of radionuclide analgesic therapy of osteocopic pain.
The characteristic of several common radioactive analgesics are compared. Also a greatly expected new drug, 188Re-HEDP is introduced for its superior radio-physical and radio-chemical property. At last, advice is given about the national-wide evaluating standard of radionuclide analgesic therapy of osteocopic pain.
2000, 24(3): 113-116.
Abstract:
The typical management of painful bone metastases is radiation therapy and the graduated use of opiate analgesics. As the development of nuclear medicine,bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals have been utilized in cancer treatment,especially in management painful bone metastases. 153Sm-EDTMP (samarium 153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate) offers a good choice of treating method in palliating pain, improving quality of life, decreasing the rate at which new painful sites develop, and decreasing management costs.
The typical management of painful bone metastases is radiation therapy and the graduated use of opiate analgesics. As the development of nuclear medicine,bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals have been utilized in cancer treatment,especially in management painful bone metastases. 153Sm-EDTMP (samarium 153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate) offers a good choice of treating method in palliating pain, improving quality of life, decreasing the rate at which new painful sites develop, and decreasing management costs.
2000, 24(3): 116-119.
Abstract:
Briefly described the current states of internal irradiative treatment of hepatic carcinoma with radionuclide-labelled microspheres; Evaluating the characteristics and selection of different radioisotopes and their microsphere carriers; Comparing the method of medication and therapeutic effectiveness of different radiative microspheres in treating hepatic carcinoma; Explained the methods in estimating absorbed dosage and endurable dosage of normal liver.
Briefly described the current states of internal irradiative treatment of hepatic carcinoma with radionuclide-labelled microspheres; Evaluating the characteristics and selection of different radioisotopes and their microsphere carriers; Comparing the method of medication and therapeutic effectiveness of different radiative microspheres in treating hepatic carcinoma; Explained the methods in estimating absorbed dosage and endurable dosage of normal liver.
2000, 24(3): 120-121.
Abstract:
131I treatment for nontoxic multinodular goiter (NTMNG) is effective therapy to reduce the thyroid volume and to improve the local compressive symptoms, especially for the patients who are at high operative risk, have had previous thyroidectomy with goiter recurrence or refuse surgery. But a larger study and a longer follow up are required.
131I treatment for nontoxic multinodular goiter (NTMNG) is effective therapy to reduce the thyroid volume and to improve the local compressive symptoms, especially for the patients who are at high operative risk, have had previous thyroidectomy with goiter recurrence or refuse surgery. But a larger study and a longer follow up are required.
2000, 24(3): 122-124.
Abstract:
Nontoxic goiter refers to thyroid gland enlargement without hyperthyroidism.Thyroid hormones suppressive therapy is not effective in shrinking large goiters.For those with high surgical risk or refused to surgery, a nonoperative reduction of the thyroid volume would be desirable. Iodine-131 therapy for volume reduction in non-toxic goiter is a safe, cost-effective and effective treatment. This makes this form of therapy a more choice for patients with large nontoxic goiter.
Nontoxic goiter refers to thyroid gland enlargement without hyperthyroidism.Thyroid hormones suppressive therapy is not effective in shrinking large goiters.For those with high surgical risk or refused to surgery, a nonoperative reduction of the thyroid volume would be desirable. Iodine-131 therapy for volume reduction in non-toxic goiter is a safe, cost-effective and effective treatment. This makes this form of therapy a more choice for patients with large nontoxic goiter.
2000, 24(3): 124-127,141.
Abstract:
Investigations on tumor receptor imaging include the preparation of radioligands, in vitro assays and in vivo receptor imaging. Ligands for tumor receptor imaging has been labeled by 18F、123I(or 131I)、111In or 99Tcm. In vitro assays can be performed by radioligand binding, autoradiography and receptor identification. Tumor receptor imaging such as neuropeptide receptor imaging, steroid receptor imaging and sigma receptor imaging has been used for diagnosis, staging, therapy strategy and prognosis of a wide range of tumors, of which the most widely studied was neuropeptide receptor imaging.
Investigations on tumor receptor imaging include the preparation of radioligands, in vitro assays and in vivo receptor imaging. Ligands for tumor receptor imaging has been labeled by 18F、123I(or 131I)、111In or 99Tcm. In vitro assays can be performed by radioligand binding, autoradiography and receptor identification. Tumor receptor imaging such as neuropeptide receptor imaging, steroid receptor imaging and sigma receptor imaging has been used for diagnosis, staging, therapy strategy and prognosis of a wide range of tumors, of which the most widely studied was neuropeptide receptor imaging.
2000, 24(3): 132-135.
Abstract:
Cell responses to ionizing radiation are determined by extent and repair capability of DNA damage.Capability of DNA damage repair and character of damage vary as a function of cell cycle. Thus cell kinetics alteration is the principal factor that influences the effect of radiotherapy. With advancement in radiobiology, the respective molecular mechanisms underlying cell kinetics alteration and DNA damage repair is being revealed gradually and takes on many obvious similarities. We review the recent achievements relevant to radiotherapy in molecular biology to show potential relationships among them.
Cell responses to ionizing radiation are determined by extent and repair capability of DNA damage.Capability of DNA damage repair and character of damage vary as a function of cell cycle. Thus cell kinetics alteration is the principal factor that influences the effect of radiotherapy. With advancement in radiobiology, the respective molecular mechanisms underlying cell kinetics alteration and DNA damage repair is being revealed gradually and takes on many obvious similarities. We review the recent achievements relevant to radiotherapy in molecular biology to show potential relationships among them.
2000, 24(3): 135-137.
Abstract:
Radiation cystitis is one of the complications caused by pelvic radiation, the main clinic sympton presents as hematuria, there are many therapies, the reduction of irradiation dosage in urinary bladder is the major measure of prevention.
Radiation cystitis is one of the complications caused by pelvic radiation, the main clinic sympton presents as hematuria, there are many therapies, the reduction of irradiation dosage in urinary bladder is the major measure of prevention.
2000, 24(3): 138-141.
Abstract:
Tumor control probability (TCP) is an important parameter in estimating the effect of the radiotherapy.After considering various influencing factors, many radiotherapist have brought forward different TCP models and also analyzed the difference between the TCP values which calculated from these models and the actual values which obtained from clinic.
Tumor control probability (TCP) is an important parameter in estimating the effect of the radiotherapy.After considering various influencing factors, many radiotherapist have brought forward different TCP models and also analyzed the difference between the TCP values which calculated from these models and the actual values which obtained from clinic.
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